학술논문
The CMS Fast Beam Condition Monitor for HL-LHC
Document Type
Working Paper
Author
Auzinger, G.; Bakhshiansohi, H.; Dabrowski, A.; Delannoy, A. G.; Dierlamm, A.; Dragicevic, M.; Gholami, A.; Gomez, G.; Guthoff, M.; Haranko, M.; Homna, A.; Jenihhin, M.; Kaplon, J.; Karacheban, O.; Korcsmáros, B.; Liu, W. H.; Lokhovitskiy, A.; Loos, R.; Mallows, S.; Michel, J.; Myronenko, V.; Pásztor, G.; Pari, M.; Schwandt, J.; Sedghi, M.; Shevelev, A.; Shibin, K.; Steinbrueck, G.; Stickland, D.; Ujvari, B.; Wegrzyn, G. J.
Source
Subject
Language
Abstract
The high-luminosity upgrade of the LHC brings unprecedented requirements for real-time and precision bunch-by-bunch online luminosity measurement and beam-induced background monitoring. A key component of the CMS Beam Radiation, Instrumentation and Luminosity system is a stand-alone luminometer, the Fast Beam Condition Monitor (FBCM), which is fully independent from the CMS central trigger and data acquisition services and able to operate at all times with a triggerless readout. FBCM utilizes a dedicated front-end application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) to amplify the signals from CO$_2$-cooled silicon-pad sensors with a timing resolution of a few nanoseconds, which enables the measurement of the beam-induced background. FBCM uses a modular design with two half-disks of twelve modules at each end of CMS, with four service modules placed close to the outer edge to reduce radiation-induced aging. The electronics system design adapts several components from the CMS Tracker for power, control and read-out functionalities. The dedicated FBCM23 ASIC contains six channels and adjustable shaping time to optimize the noise with regards to sensor leakage current. Each ASIC channel outputs a single binary high-speed asynchronous signal carrying time-of-arrival and time-over-threshold information. The chip output signal is digitized, encoded and sent via a radiation-hard gigabit transceiver and an optical link to the back-end electronics for analysis. This paper reports on the updated design of the FBCM detector and the ongoing testing program.
Comment: 16th Topical Seminar on Innovative Particle and Radiation Detectors (IPRD23) 2023 Sept 25-29 Siena, Italy
Comment: 16th Topical Seminar on Innovative Particle and Radiation Detectors (IPRD23) 2023 Sept 25-29 Siena, Italy