부산대학교 도서관

Journal of Pediatric and Neonatal Individualized Medicine, Vol 6, Iss 2, Pp e060237-e060237 (2017)

Ruud J.R. Den Hartigh; Marijn W.G. Van Dijk; Henderien W. Steenbeek; Paul L.C. Van Geert

Frontiers in Psychology, Vol 7 (2016)

Daniel J. DeDora; Sanja eNedic; Pratha eKatti; Shafique eArnab; Lawrence L. Wald; Atsushi eTakahashi; Koene RA Van Dijk; Helmut H. Strey; Lilianne Rivka Mujica-Parodi

Frontiers in Neuroscience, Vol 10 (2016)

Fransien van Dijk; Peter eOlinga; Klaas ePoelstra; Leonie eBeljaars

Frontiers in Medicine, Vol 2 (2015)

Gaby ePons Van Dijk; Marjolein eHuijts; Jan eLodder

Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience, Vol 5 (2013)

Jan Bert evan Klinken; Sjoerd A.A. van den Berg; Ko eWillems van Dijk

Frontiers in Physiology, Vol 4 (2013)

Gaby ePons Van Dijk; Anton eLenssen; Pieter eLeffers; Herman eKingma; Jan eLodder

Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience, Vol 5 (2013)

Van Dijk, S.A.; Amstutz, R.; Pearcy, R.; Jones, M.

In: 1990 SEG Annual Meeting, 1990 SEG Annual Meeting. (1990 SEG Annual Meeting, 1990, :51)

Journal of Pediatric and Neonatal Individualized Medicine, Vol 4, Iss 2, Pp e040206-e040206 (2015)

Zwanenburg A; From OncoRay-National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Fetscherstr 74, PF 41, 01307 Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany: German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z.); Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden and Helmholtz Association/Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T.); German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); Medical Physics Unit, McGill University, Montréal, Canada (M.V., I.E.N.); Image Response Assessment Team Core Facility, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (M.A.A.); Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (H.J.W.L.A.); Institute of Information Systems, University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland (HES-SO), Sierre, Switzerland (V.A., A.D., H.M.); Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (A.A.); Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A.); Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A., A.R.); Center for Biomedical image Computing and Analytics (CBICA), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (R.J.B., R.B., E.A.G.P.); Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Centre (VUMC), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (R.B.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (M.B., M.Guckenberger, S.T.L.); Fondazione Policlinico Universitario 'A. Gemelli' IRCCS, Rome, Italy (L.B., N.D., R.G., J.L., V.V.); Laboratoire d'Imagerie Translationnelle en Oncologie, Université Paris Saclay, Inserm, Institut Curie, Orsay, France (I.B., C.N., F.O.); Cancer Imaging Dept, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (G.J.R.C., V.G., M.M.S.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (A.D.); Laboratory of Medical Information Processing (LaTIM)-team ACTION (image-guided therapeutic action in oncology), INSERM, UMR 1101, IBSAM, UBO, UBL, Brest, France (M.C.D., M.H., T.U.); Department of Radiation Oncology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (C.V.D.); Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.E., S.N.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Physics Division, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (I.E.N., A.U.K.R.); Surgical Planning Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (A.Y.F.); Department of Cancer Imaging and Metabolism, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (R.J.G.); Department of Medical Image Computing, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (M. Götz, F.I., K.H.M.H., J.S.); The D-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands (P.L., R.T.H.L.); Section for Biomedical Physics, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tübingen, Germany (F.L., J.S.F., D.T.); Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (A.L.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, Calif (O.M.); University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (H.M.); Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Department of Medicine (Biomedical Informatics Research), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Departments of Radiology and Physics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (A.R.); Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (A.U.K.R.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (N.M.S., R.J.H.M.S., L.V.v.D.); School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S., P.W.); Department of Medical Physics, Velindre Cancer Centre, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S.); Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck), Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology-OncoRay, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, CHU Milétrie, Poitiers, France (T.U.); Department of Radiology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (J.v.G.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, the Netherlands (F.H.P.v.V.).; Vallières M; From OncoRay-National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Fetscherstr 74, PF 41, 01307 Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany: German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z.); Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden and Helmholtz Association/Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T.); German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); Medical Physics Unit, McGill University, Montréal, Canada (M.V., I.E.N.); Image Response Assessment Team Core Facility, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (M.A.A.); Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (H.J.W.L.A.); Institute of Information Systems, University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland (HES-SO), Sierre, Switzerland (V.A., A.D., H.M.); Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (A.A.); Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A.); Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A., A.R.); Center for Biomedical image Computing and Analytics (CBICA), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (R.J.B., R.B., E.A.G.P.); Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Centre (VUMC), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (R.B.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (M.B., M.Guckenberger, S.T.L.); Fondazione Policlinico Universitario 'A. Gemelli' IRCCS, Rome, Italy (L.B., N.D., R.G., J.L., V.V.); Laboratoire d'Imagerie Translationnelle en Oncologie, Université Paris Saclay, Inserm, Institut Curie, Orsay, France (I.B., C.N., F.O.); Cancer Imaging Dept, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (G.J.R.C., V.G., M.M.S.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (A.D.); Laboratory of Medical Information Processing (LaTIM)-team ACTION (image-guided therapeutic action in oncology), INSERM, UMR 1101, IBSAM, UBO, UBL, Brest, France (M.C.D., M.H., T.U.); Department of Radiation Oncology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (C.V.D.); Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.E., S.N.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Physics Division, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (I.E.N., A.U.K.R.); Surgical Planning Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (A.Y.F.); Department of Cancer Imaging and Metabolism, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (R.J.G.); Department of Medical Image Computing, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (M. Götz, F.I., K.H.M.H., J.S.); The D-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands (P.L., R.T.H.L.); Section for Biomedical Physics, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tübingen, Germany (F.L., J.S.F., D.T.); Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (A.L.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, Calif (O.M.); University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (H.M.); Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Department of Medicine (Biomedical Informatics Research), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Departments of Radiology and Physics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (A.R.); Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (A.U.K.R.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (N.M.S., R.J.H.M.S., L.V.v.D.); School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S., P.W.); Department of Medical Physics, Velindre Cancer Centre, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S.); Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck), Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology-OncoRay, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, CHU Milétrie, Poitiers, France (T.U.); Department of Radiology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (J.v.G.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, the Netherlands (F.H.P.v.V.).; Abdalah MA; From OncoRay-National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Fetscherstr 74, PF 41, 01307 Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany: German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z.); Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden and Helmholtz Association/Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T.); German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); Medical Physics Unit, McGill University, Montréal, Canada (M.V., I.E.N.); Image Response Assessment Team Core Facility, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (M.A.A.); Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (H.J.W.L.A.); Institute of Information Systems, University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland (HES-SO), Sierre, Switzerland (V.A., A.D., H.M.); Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (A.A.); Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A.); Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A., A.R.); Center for Biomedical image Computing and Analytics (CBICA), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (R.J.B., R.B., E.A.G.P.); Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Centre (VUMC), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (R.B.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (M.B., M.Guckenberger, S.T.L.); Fondazione Policlinico Universitario 'A. Gemelli' IRCCS, Rome, Italy (L.B., N.D., R.G., J.L., V.V.); Laboratoire d'Imagerie Translationnelle en Oncologie, Université Paris Saclay, Inserm, Institut Curie, Orsay, France (I.B., C.N., F.O.); Cancer Imaging Dept, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (G.J.R.C., V.G., M.M.S.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (A.D.); Laboratory of Medical Information Processing (LaTIM)-team ACTION (image-guided therapeutic action in oncology), INSERM, UMR 1101, IBSAM, UBO, UBL, Brest, France (M.C.D., M.H., T.U.); Department of Radiation Oncology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (C.V.D.); Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.E., S.N.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Physics Division, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (I.E.N., A.U.K.R.); Surgical Planning Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (A.Y.F.); Department of Cancer Imaging and Metabolism, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (R.J.G.); Department of Medical Image Computing, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (M. Götz, F.I., K.H.M.H., J.S.); The D-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands (P.L., R.T.H.L.); Section for Biomedical Physics, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tübingen, Germany (F.L., J.S.F., D.T.); Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (A.L.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, Calif (O.M.); University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (H.M.); Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Department of Medicine (Biomedical Informatics Research), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Departments of Radiology and Physics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (A.R.); Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (A.U.K.R.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (N.M.S., R.J.H.M.S., L.V.v.D.); School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S., P.W.); Department of Medical Physics, Velindre Cancer Centre, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S.); Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck), Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology-OncoRay, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, CHU Milétrie, Poitiers, France (T.U.); Department of Radiology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (J.v.G.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, the Netherlands (F.H.P.v.V.).; Aerts HJWL; From OncoRay-National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Fetscherstr 74, PF 41, 01307 Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany: German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z.); Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden and Helmholtz Association/Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T.); German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); Medical Physics Unit, McGill University, Montréal, Canada (M.V., I.E.N.); Image Response Assessment Team Core Facility, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (M.A.A.); Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (H.J.W.L.A.); Institute of Information Systems, University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland (HES-SO), Sierre, Switzerland (V.A., A.D., H.M.); Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (A.A.); Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A.); Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A., A.R.); Center for Biomedical image Computing and Analytics (CBICA), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (R.J.B., R.B., E.A.G.P.); Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Centre (VUMC), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (R.B.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (M.B., M.Guckenberger, S.T.L.); Fondazione Policlinico Universitario 'A. Gemelli' IRCCS, Rome, Italy (L.B., N.D., R.G., J.L., V.V.); Laboratoire d'Imagerie Translationnelle en Oncologie, Université Paris Saclay, Inserm, Institut Curie, Orsay, France (I.B., C.N., F.O.); Cancer Imaging Dept, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (G.J.R.C., V.G., M.M.S.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (A.D.); Laboratory of Medical Information Processing (LaTIM)-team ACTION (image-guided therapeutic action in oncology), INSERM, UMR 1101, IBSAM, UBO, UBL, Brest, France (M.C.D., M.H., T.U.); Department of Radiation Oncology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (C.V.D.); Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.E., S.N.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Physics Division, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (I.E.N., A.U.K.R.); Surgical Planning Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (A.Y.F.); Department of Cancer Imaging and Metabolism, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (R.J.G.); Department of Medical Image Computing, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (M. Götz, F.I., K.H.M.H., J.S.); The D-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands (P.L., R.T.H.L.); Section for Biomedical Physics, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tübingen, Germany (F.L., J.S.F., D.T.); Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (A.L.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, Calif (O.M.); University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (H.M.); Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Department of Medicine (Biomedical Informatics Research), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Departments of Radiology and Physics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (A.R.); Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (A.U.K.R.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (N.M.S., R.J.H.M.S., L.V.v.D.); School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S., P.W.); Department of Medical Physics, Velindre Cancer Centre, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S.); Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck), Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology-OncoRay, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, CHU Milétrie, Poitiers, France (T.U.); Department of Radiology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (J.v.G.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, the Netherlands (F.H.P.v.V.).; Andrearczyk V; From OncoRay-National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Fetscherstr 74, PF 41, 01307 Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany: German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z.); Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden and Helmholtz Association/Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T.); German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); Medical Physics Unit, McGill University, Montréal, Canada (M.V., I.E.N.); Image Response Assessment Team Core Facility, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (M.A.A.); Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (H.J.W.L.A.); Institute of Information Systems, University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland (HES-SO), Sierre, Switzerland (V.A., A.D., H.M.); Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (A.A.); Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A.); Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A., A.R.); Center for Biomedical image Computing and Analytics (CBICA), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (R.J.B., R.B., E.A.G.P.); Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Centre (VUMC), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (R.B.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (M.B., M.Guckenberger, S.T.L.); Fondazione Policlinico Universitario 'A. Gemelli' IRCCS, Rome, Italy (L.B., N.D., R.G., J.L., V.V.); Laboratoire d'Imagerie Translationnelle en Oncologie, Université Paris Saclay, Inserm, Institut Curie, Orsay, France (I.B., C.N., F.O.); Cancer Imaging Dept, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (G.J.R.C., V.G., M.M.S.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (A.D.); Laboratory of Medical Information Processing (LaTIM)-team ACTION (image-guided therapeutic action in oncology), INSERM, UMR 1101, IBSAM, UBO, UBL, Brest, France (M.C.D., M.H., T.U.); Department of Radiation Oncology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (C.V.D.); Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.E., S.N.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Physics Division, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (I.E.N., A.U.K.R.); Surgical Planning Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (A.Y.F.); Department of Cancer Imaging and Metabolism, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (R.J.G.); Department of Medical Image Computing, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (M. Götz, F.I., K.H.M.H., J.S.); The D-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands (P.L., R.T.H.L.); Section for Biomedical Physics, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tübingen, Germany (F.L., J.S.F., D.T.); Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (A.L.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, Calif (O.M.); University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (H.M.); Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Department of Medicine (Biomedical Informatics Research), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Departments of Radiology and Physics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (A.R.); Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (A.U.K.R.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (N.M.S., R.J.H.M.S., L.V.v.D.); School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S., P.W.); Department of Medical Physics, Velindre Cancer Centre, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S.); Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck), Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology-OncoRay, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, CHU Milétrie, Poitiers, France (T.U.); Department of Radiology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (J.v.G.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, the Netherlands (F.H.P.v.V.).; Apte A; From OncoRay-National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Fetscherstr 74, PF 41, 01307 Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany: German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z.); Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden and Helmholtz Association/Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T.); German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); Medical Physics Unit, McGill University, Montréal, Canada (M.V., I.E.N.); Image Response Assessment Team Core Facility, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (M.A.A.); Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (H.J.W.L.A.); Institute of Information Systems, University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland (HES-SO), Sierre, Switzerland (V.A., A.D., H.M.); Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (A.A.); Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A.); Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A., A.R.); Center for Biomedical image Computing and Analytics (CBICA), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (R.J.B., R.B., E.A.G.P.); Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Centre (VUMC), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (R.B.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (M.B., M.Guckenberger, S.T.L.); Fondazione Policlinico Universitario 'A. Gemelli' IRCCS, Rome, Italy (L.B., N.D., R.G., J.L., V.V.); Laboratoire d'Imagerie Translationnelle en Oncologie, Université Paris Saclay, Inserm, Institut Curie, Orsay, France (I.B., C.N., F.O.); Cancer Imaging Dept, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (G.J.R.C., V.G., M.M.S.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (A.D.); Laboratory of Medical Information Processing (LaTIM)-team ACTION (image-guided therapeutic action in oncology), INSERM, UMR 1101, IBSAM, UBO, UBL, Brest, France (M.C.D., M.H., T.U.); Department of Radiation Oncology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (C.V.D.); Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.E., S.N.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Physics Division, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (I.E.N., A.U.K.R.); Surgical Planning Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (A.Y.F.); Department of Cancer Imaging and Metabolism, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (R.J.G.); Department of Medical Image Computing, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (M. Götz, F.I., K.H.M.H., J.S.); The D-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands (P.L., R.T.H.L.); Section for Biomedical Physics, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tübingen, Germany (F.L., J.S.F., D.T.); Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (A.L.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, Calif (O.M.); University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (H.M.); Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Department of Medicine (Biomedical Informatics Research), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Departments of Radiology and Physics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (A.R.); Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (A.U.K.R.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (N.M.S., R.J.H.M.S., L.V.v.D.); School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S., P.W.); Department of Medical Physics, Velindre Cancer Centre, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S.); Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck), Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology-OncoRay, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, CHU Milétrie, Poitiers, France (T.U.); Department of Radiology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (J.v.G.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, the Netherlands (F.H.P.v.V.).; Ashrafinia S; From OncoRay-National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Fetscherstr 74, PF 41, 01307 Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany: German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z.); Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden and Helmholtz Association/Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T.); German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); Medical Physics Unit, McGill University, Montréal, Canada (M.V., I.E.N.); Image Response Assessment Team Core Facility, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (M.A.A.); Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (H.J.W.L.A.); Institute of Information Systems, University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland (HES-SO), Sierre, Switzerland (V.A., A.D., H.M.); Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (A.A.); Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A.); Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A., A.R.); Center for Biomedical image Computing and Analytics (CBICA), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (R.J.B., R.B., E.A.G.P.); Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Centre (VUMC), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (R.B.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (M.B., M.Guckenberger, S.T.L.); Fondazione Policlinico Universitario 'A. Gemelli' IRCCS, Rome, Italy (L.B., N.D., R.G., J.L., V.V.); Laboratoire d'Imagerie Translationnelle en Oncologie, Université Paris Saclay, Inserm, Institut Curie, Orsay, France (I.B., C.N., F.O.); Cancer Imaging Dept, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (G.J.R.C., V.G., M.M.S.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (A.D.); Laboratory of Medical Information Processing (LaTIM)-team ACTION (image-guided therapeutic action in oncology), INSERM, UMR 1101, IBSAM, UBO, UBL, Brest, France (M.C.D., M.H., T.U.); Department of Radiation Oncology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (C.V.D.); Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.E., S.N.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Physics Division, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (I.E.N., A.U.K.R.); Surgical Planning Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (A.Y.F.); Department of Cancer Imaging and Metabolism, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (R.J.G.); Department of Medical Image Computing, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (M. Götz, F.I., K.H.M.H., J.S.); The D-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands (P.L., R.T.H.L.); Section for Biomedical Physics, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tübingen, Germany (F.L., J.S.F., D.T.); Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (A.L.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, Calif (O.M.); University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (H.M.); Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Department of Medicine (Biomedical Informatics Research), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Departments of Radiology and Physics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (A.R.); Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (A.U.K.R.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (N.M.S., R.J.H.M.S., L.V.v.D.); School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S., P.W.); Department of Medical Physics, Velindre Cancer Centre, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S.); Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck), Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology-OncoRay, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, CHU Milétrie, Poitiers, France (T.U.); Department of Radiology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (J.v.G.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, the Netherlands (F.H.P.v.V.).; Bakas S; From OncoRay-National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Fetscherstr 74, PF 41, 01307 Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany: German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z.); Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden and Helmholtz Association/Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T.); German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); Medical Physics Unit, McGill University, Montréal, Canada (M.V., I.E.N.); Image Response Assessment Team Core Facility, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (M.A.A.); Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (H.J.W.L.A.); Institute of Information Systems, University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland (HES-SO), Sierre, Switzerland (V.A., A.D., H.M.); Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (A.A.); Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A.); Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A., A.R.); Center for Biomedical image Computing and Analytics (CBICA), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (R.J.B., R.B., E.A.G.P.); Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Centre (VUMC), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (R.B.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (M.B., M.Guckenberger, S.T.L.); Fondazione Policlinico Universitario 'A. Gemelli' IRCCS, Rome, Italy (L.B., N.D., R.G., J.L., V.V.); Laboratoire d'Imagerie Translationnelle en Oncologie, Université Paris Saclay, Inserm, Institut Curie, Orsay, France (I.B., C.N., F.O.); Cancer Imaging Dept, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (G.J.R.C., V.G., M.M.S.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (A.D.); Laboratory of Medical Information Processing (LaTIM)-team ACTION (image-guided therapeutic action in oncology), INSERM, UMR 1101, IBSAM, UBO, UBL, Brest, France (M.C.D., M.H., T.U.); Department of Radiation Oncology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (C.V.D.); Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.E., S.N.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Physics Division, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (I.E.N., A.U.K.R.); Surgical Planning Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (A.Y.F.); Department of Cancer Imaging and Metabolism, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (R.J.G.); Department of Medical Image Computing, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (M. Götz, F.I., K.H.M.H., J.S.); The D-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands (P.L., R.T.H.L.); Section for Biomedical Physics, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tübingen, Germany (F.L., J.S.F., D.T.); Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (A.L.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, Calif (O.M.); University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (H.M.); Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Department of Medicine (Biomedical Informatics Research), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Departments of Radiology and Physics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (A.R.); Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (A.U.K.R.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (N.M.S., R.J.H.M.S., L.V.v.D.); School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S., P.W.); Department of Medical Physics, Velindre Cancer Centre, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S.); Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck), Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology-OncoRay, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, CHU Milétrie, Poitiers, France (T.U.); Department of Radiology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (J.v.G.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, the Netherlands (F.H.P.v.V.).; Beukinga RJ; From OncoRay-National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Fetscherstr 74, PF 41, 01307 Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany: German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z.); Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden and Helmholtz Association/Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T.); German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); Medical Physics Unit, McGill University, Montréal, Canada (M.V., I.E.N.); Image Response Assessment Team Core Facility, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (M.A.A.); Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (H.J.W.L.A.); Institute of Information Systems, University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland (HES-SO), Sierre, Switzerland (V.A., A.D., H.M.); Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (A.A.); Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A.); Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A., A.R.); Center for Biomedical image Computing and Analytics (CBICA), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (R.J.B., R.B., E.A.G.P.); Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Centre (VUMC), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (R.B.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (M.B., M.Guckenberger, S.T.L.); Fondazione Policlinico Universitario 'A. Gemelli' IRCCS, Rome, Italy (L.B., N.D., R.G., J.L., V.V.); Laboratoire d'Imagerie Translationnelle en Oncologie, Université Paris Saclay, Inserm, Institut Curie, Orsay, France (I.B., C.N., F.O.); Cancer Imaging Dept, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (G.J.R.C., V.G., M.M.S.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (A.D.); Laboratory of Medical Information Processing (LaTIM)-team ACTION (image-guided therapeutic action in oncology), INSERM, UMR 1101, IBSAM, UBO, UBL, Brest, France (M.C.D., M.H., T.U.); Department of Radiation Oncology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (C.V.D.); Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.E., S.N.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Physics Division, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (I.E.N., A.U.K.R.); Surgical Planning Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (A.Y.F.); Department of Cancer Imaging and Metabolism, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (R.J.G.); Department of Medical Image Computing, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (M. Götz, F.I., K.H.M.H., J.S.); The D-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands (P.L., R.T.H.L.); Section for Biomedical Physics, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tübingen, Germany (F.L., J.S.F., D.T.); Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (A.L.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, Calif (O.M.); University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (H.M.); Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Department of Medicine (Biomedical Informatics Research), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Departments of Radiology and Physics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (A.R.); Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (A.U.K.R.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (N.M.S., R.J.H.M.S., L.V.v.D.); School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S., P.W.); Department of Medical Physics, Velindre Cancer Centre, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S.); Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck), Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology-OncoRay, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, CHU Milétrie, Poitiers, France (T.U.); Department of Radiology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (J.v.G.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, the Netherlands (F.H.P.v.V.).; Boellaard R; From OncoRay-National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Fetscherstr 74, PF 41, 01307 Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany: German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z.); Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden and Helmholtz Association/Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T.); German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); Medical Physics Unit, McGill University, Montréal, Canada (M.V., I.E.N.); Image Response Assessment Team Core Facility, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (M.A.A.); Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (H.J.W.L.A.); Institute of Information Systems, University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland (HES-SO), Sierre, Switzerland (V.A., A.D., H.M.); Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (A.A.); Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A.); Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A., A.R.); Center for Biomedical image Computing and Analytics (CBICA), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (R.J.B., R.B., E.A.G.P.); Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Centre (VUMC), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (R.B.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (M.B., M.Guckenberger, S.T.L.); Fondazione Policlinico Universitario 'A. Gemelli' IRCCS, Rome, Italy (L.B., N.D., R.G., J.L., V.V.); Laboratoire d'Imagerie Translationnelle en Oncologie, Université Paris Saclay, Inserm, Institut Curie, Orsay, France (I.B., C.N., F.O.); Cancer Imaging Dept, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (G.J.R.C., V.G., M.M.S.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (A.D.); Laboratory of Medical Information Processing (LaTIM)-team ACTION (image-guided therapeutic action in oncology), INSERM, UMR 1101, IBSAM, UBO, UBL, Brest, France (M.C.D., M.H., T.U.); Department of Radiation Oncology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (C.V.D.); Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.E., S.N.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Physics Division, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (I.E.N., A.U.K.R.); Surgical Planning Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (A.Y.F.); Department of Cancer Imaging and Metabolism, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (R.J.G.); Department of Medical Image Computing, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (M. Götz, F.I., K.H.M.H., J.S.); The D-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands (P.L., R.T.H.L.); Section for Biomedical Physics, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tübingen, Germany (F.L., J.S.F., D.T.); Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (A.L.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, Calif (O.M.); University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (H.M.); Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Department of Medicine (Biomedical Informatics Research), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Departments of Radiology and Physics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (A.R.); Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (A.U.K.R.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (N.M.S., R.J.H.M.S., L.V.v.D.); School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S., P.W.); Department of Medical Physics, Velindre Cancer Centre, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S.); Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck), Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology-OncoRay, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, CHU Milétrie, Poitiers, France (T.U.); Department of Radiology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (J.v.G.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, the Netherlands (F.H.P.v.V.).; Bogowicz M; From OncoRay-National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Fetscherstr 74, PF 41, 01307 Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany: German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z.); Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden and Helmholtz Association/Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T.); German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); Medical Physics Unit, McGill University, Montréal, Canada (M.V., I.E.N.); Image Response Assessment Team Core Facility, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (M.A.A.); Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (H.J.W.L.A.); Institute of Information Systems, University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland (HES-SO), Sierre, Switzerland (V.A., A.D., H.M.); Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (A.A.); Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A.); Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A., A.R.); Center for Biomedical image Computing and Analytics (CBICA), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (R.J.B., R.B., E.A.G.P.); Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Centre (VUMC), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (R.B.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (M.B., M.Guckenberger, S.T.L.); Fondazione Policlinico Universitario 'A. Gemelli' IRCCS, Rome, Italy (L.B., N.D., R.G., J.L., V.V.); Laboratoire d'Imagerie Translationnelle en Oncologie, Université Paris Saclay, Inserm, Institut Curie, Orsay, France (I.B., C.N., F.O.); Cancer Imaging Dept, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (G.J.R.C., V.G., M.M.S.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (A.D.); Laboratory of Medical Information Processing (LaTIM)-team ACTION (image-guided therapeutic action in oncology), INSERM, UMR 1101, IBSAM, UBO, UBL, Brest, France (M.C.D., M.H., T.U.); Department of Radiation Oncology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (C.V.D.); Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.E., S.N.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Physics Division, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (I.E.N., A.U.K.R.); Surgical Planning Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (A.Y.F.); Department of Cancer Imaging and Metabolism, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (R.J.G.); Department of Medical Image Computing, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (M. Götz, F.I., K.H.M.H., J.S.); The D-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands (P.L., R.T.H.L.); Section for Biomedical Physics, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tübingen, Germany (F.L., J.S.F., D.T.); Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (A.L.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, Calif (O.M.); University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (H.M.); Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Department of Medicine (Biomedical Informatics Research), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Departments of Radiology and Physics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (A.R.); Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (A.U.K.R.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (N.M.S., R.J.H.M.S., L.V.v.D.); School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S., P.W.); Department of Medical Physics, Velindre Cancer Centre, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S.); Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck), Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology-OncoRay, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, CHU Milétrie, Poitiers, France (T.U.); Department of Radiology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (J.v.G.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, the Netherlands (F.H.P.v.V.).; Boldrini L; From OncoRay-National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Fetscherstr 74, PF 41, 01307 Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany: German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z.); Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden and Helmholtz Association/Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T.); German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); Medical Physics Unit, McGill University, Montréal, Canada (M.V., I.E.N.); Image Response Assessment Team Core Facility, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (M.A.A.); Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (H.J.W.L.A.); Institute of Information Systems, University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland (HES-SO), Sierre, Switzerland (V.A., A.D., H.M.); Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (A.A.); Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A.); Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A., A.R.); Center for Biomedical image Computing and Analytics (CBICA), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (R.J.B., R.B., E.A.G.P.); Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Centre (VUMC), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (R.B.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (M.B., M.Guckenberger, S.T.L.); Fondazione Policlinico Universitario 'A. Gemelli' IRCCS, Rome, Italy (L.B., N.D., R.G., J.L., V.V.); Laboratoire d'Imagerie Translationnelle en Oncologie, Université Paris Saclay, Inserm, Institut Curie, Orsay, France (I.B., C.N., F.O.); Cancer Imaging Dept, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (G.J.R.C., V.G., M.M.S.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (A.D.); Laboratory of Medical Information Processing (LaTIM)-team ACTION (image-guided therapeutic action in oncology), INSERM, UMR 1101, IBSAM, UBO, UBL, Brest, France (M.C.D., M.H., T.U.); Department of Radiation Oncology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (C.V.D.); Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.E., S.N.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Physics Division, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (I.E.N., A.U.K.R.); Surgical Planning Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (A.Y.F.); Department of Cancer Imaging and Metabolism, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (R.J.G.); Department of Medical Image Computing, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (M. Götz, F.I., K.H.M.H., J.S.); The D-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands (P.L., R.T.H.L.); Section for Biomedical Physics, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tübingen, Germany (F.L., J.S.F., D.T.); Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (A.L.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, Calif (O.M.); University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (H.M.); Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Department of Medicine (Biomedical Informatics Research), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Departments of Radiology and Physics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (A.R.); Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (A.U.K.R.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (N.M.S., R.J.H.M.S., L.V.v.D.); School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S., P.W.); Department of Medical Physics, Velindre Cancer Centre, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S.); Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck), Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology-OncoRay, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, CHU Milétrie, Poitiers, France (T.U.); Department of Radiology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (J.v.G.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, the Netherlands (F.H.P.v.V.).; Buvat I; From OncoRay-National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Fetscherstr 74, PF 41, 01307 Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany: German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z.); Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden and Helmholtz Association/Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T.); German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); Medical Physics Unit, McGill University, Montréal, Canada (M.V., I.E.N.); Image Response Assessment Team Core Facility, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (M.A.A.); Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (H.J.W.L.A.); Institute of Information Systems, University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland (HES-SO), Sierre, Switzerland (V.A., A.D., H.M.); Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (A.A.); Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A.); Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A., A.R.); Center for Biomedical image Computing and Analytics (CBICA), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (R.J.B., R.B., E.A.G.P.); Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Centre (VUMC), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (R.B.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (M.B., M.Guckenberger, S.T.L.); Fondazione Policlinico Universitario 'A. Gemelli' IRCCS, Rome, Italy (L.B., N.D., R.G., J.L., V.V.); Laboratoire d'Imagerie Translationnelle en Oncologie, Université Paris Saclay, Inserm, Institut Curie, Orsay, France (I.B., C.N., F.O.); Cancer Imaging Dept, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (G.J.R.C., V.G., M.M.S.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (A.D.); Laboratory of Medical Information Processing (LaTIM)-team ACTION (image-guided therapeutic action in oncology), INSERM, UMR 1101, IBSAM, UBO, UBL, Brest, France (M.C.D., M.H., T.U.); Department of Radiation Oncology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (C.V.D.); Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.E., S.N.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Physics Division, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (I.E.N., A.U.K.R.); Surgical Planning Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (A.Y.F.); Department of Cancer Imaging and Metabolism, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (R.J.G.); Department of Medical Image Computing, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (M. Götz, F.I., K.H.M.H., J.S.); The D-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands (P.L., R.T.H.L.); Section for Biomedical Physics, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tübingen, Germany (F.L., J.S.F., D.T.); Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (A.L.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, Calif (O.M.); University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (H.M.); Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Department of Medicine (Biomedical Informatics Research), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Departments of Radiology and Physics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (A.R.); Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (A.U.K.R.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (N.M.S., R.J.H.M.S., L.V.v.D.); School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S., P.W.); Department of Medical Physics, Velindre Cancer Centre, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S.); Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck), Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology-OncoRay, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, CHU Milétrie, Poitiers, France (T.U.); Department of Radiology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (J.v.G.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, the Netherlands (F.H.P.v.V.).; Cook GJR; From OncoRay-National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Fetscherstr 74, PF 41, 01307 Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany: German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z.); Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden and Helmholtz Association/Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T.); German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); Medical Physics Unit, McGill University, Montréal, Canada (M.V., I.E.N.); Image Response Assessment Team Core Facility, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (M.A.A.); Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (H.J.W.L.A.); Institute of Information Systems, University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland (HES-SO), Sierre, Switzerland (V.A., A.D., H.M.); Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (A.A.); Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A.); Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A., A.R.); Center for Biomedical image Computing and Analytics (CBICA), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (R.J.B., R.B., E.A.G.P.); Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Centre (VUMC), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (R.B.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (M.B., M.Guckenberger, S.T.L.); Fondazione Policlinico Universitario 'A. Gemelli' IRCCS, Rome, Italy (L.B., N.D., R.G., J.L., V.V.); Laboratoire d'Imagerie Translationnelle en Oncologie, Université Paris Saclay, Inserm, Institut Curie, Orsay, France (I.B., C.N., F.O.); Cancer Imaging Dept, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (G.J.R.C., V.G., M.M.S.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (A.D.); Laboratory of Medical Information Processing (LaTIM)-team ACTION (image-guided therapeutic action in oncology), INSERM, UMR 1101, IBSAM, UBO, UBL, Brest, France (M.C.D., M.H., T.U.); Department of Radiation Oncology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (C.V.D.); Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.E., S.N.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Physics Division, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (I.E.N., A.U.K.R.); Surgical Planning Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (A.Y.F.); Department of Cancer Imaging and Metabolism, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (R.J.G.); Department of Medical Image Computing, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (M. Götz, F.I., K.H.M.H., J.S.); The D-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands (P.L., R.T.H.L.); Section for Biomedical Physics, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tübingen, Germany (F.L., J.S.F., D.T.); Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (A.L.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, Calif (O.M.); University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (H.M.); Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Department of Medicine (Biomedical Informatics Research), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Departments of Radiology and Physics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (A.R.); Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (A.U.K.R.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (N.M.S., R.J.H.M.S., L.V.v.D.); School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S., P.W.); Department of Medical Physics, Velindre Cancer Centre, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S.); Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck), Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology-OncoRay, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, CHU Milétrie, Poitiers, France (T.U.); Department of Radiology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (J.v.G.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, the Netherlands (F.H.P.v.V.).; Davatzikos C; From OncoRay-National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Fetscherstr 74, PF 41, 01307 Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany: German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z.); Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden and Helmholtz Association/Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T.); German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); Medical Physics Unit, McGill University, Montréal, Canada (M.V., I.E.N.); Image Response Assessment Team Core Facility, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (M.A.A.); Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (H.J.W.L.A.); Institute of Information Systems, University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland (HES-SO), Sierre, Switzerland (V.A., A.D., H.M.); Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (A.A.); Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A.); Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A., A.R.); Center for Biomedical image Computing and Analytics (CBICA), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (R.J.B., R.B., E.A.G.P.); Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Centre (VUMC), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (R.B.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (M.B., M.Guckenberger, S.T.L.); Fondazione Policlinico Universitario 'A. Gemelli' IRCCS, Rome, Italy (L.B., N.D., R.G., J.L., V.V.); Laboratoire d'Imagerie Translationnelle en Oncologie, Université Paris Saclay, Inserm, Institut Curie, Orsay, France (I.B., C.N., F.O.); Cancer Imaging Dept, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (G.J.R.C., V.G., M.M.S.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (A.D.); Laboratory of Medical Information Processing (LaTIM)-team ACTION (image-guided therapeutic action in oncology), INSERM, UMR 1101, IBSAM, UBO, UBL, Brest, France (M.C.D., M.H., T.U.); Department of Radiation Oncology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (C.V.D.); Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.E., S.N.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Physics Division, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (I.E.N., A.U.K.R.); Surgical Planning Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (A.Y.F.); Department of Cancer Imaging and Metabolism, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (R.J.G.); Department of Medical Image Computing, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (M. Götz, F.I., K.H.M.H., J.S.); The D-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands (P.L., R.T.H.L.); Section for Biomedical Physics, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tübingen, Germany (F.L., J.S.F., D.T.); Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (A.L.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, Calif (O.M.); University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (H.M.); Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Department of Medicine (Biomedical Informatics Research), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Departments of Radiology and Physics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (A.R.); Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (A.U.K.R.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (N.M.S., R.J.H.M.S., L.V.v.D.); School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S., P.W.); Department of Medical Physics, Velindre Cancer Centre, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S.); Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck), Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology-OncoRay, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, CHU Milétrie, Poitiers, France (T.U.); Department of Radiology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (J.v.G.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, the Netherlands (F.H.P.v.V.).; Depeursinge A; From OncoRay-National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Fetscherstr 74, PF 41, 01307 Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany: German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z.); Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden and Helmholtz Association/Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T.); German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); Medical Physics Unit, McGill University, Montréal, Canada (M.V., I.E.N.); Image Response Assessment Team Core Facility, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (M.A.A.); Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (H.J.W.L.A.); Institute of Information Systems, University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland (HES-SO), Sierre, Switzerland (V.A., A.D., H.M.); Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (A.A.); Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A.); Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A., A.R.); Center for Biomedical image Computing and Analytics (CBICA), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (R.J.B., R.B., E.A.G.P.); Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Centre (VUMC), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (R.B.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (M.B., M.Guckenberger, S.T.L.); Fondazione Policlinico Universitario 'A. Gemelli' IRCCS, Rome, Italy (L.B., N.D., R.G., J.L., V.V.); Laboratoire d'Imagerie Translationnelle en Oncologie, Université Paris Saclay, Inserm, Institut Curie, Orsay, France (I.B., C.N., F.O.); Cancer Imaging Dept, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (G.J.R.C., V.G., M.M.S.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (A.D.); Laboratory of Medical Information Processing (LaTIM)-team ACTION (image-guided therapeutic action in oncology), INSERM, UMR 1101, IBSAM, UBO, UBL, Brest, France (M.C.D., M.H., T.U.); Department of Radiation Oncology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (C.V.D.); Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.E., S.N.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Physics Division, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (I.E.N., A.U.K.R.); Surgical Planning Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (A.Y.F.); Department of Cancer Imaging and Metabolism, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (R.J.G.); Department of Medical Image Computing, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (M. Götz, F.I., K.H.M.H., J.S.); The D-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands (P.L., R.T.H.L.); Section for Biomedical Physics, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tübingen, Germany (F.L., J.S.F., D.T.); Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (A.L.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, Calif (O.M.); University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (H.M.); Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Department of Medicine (Biomedical Informatics Research), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Departments of Radiology and Physics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (A.R.); Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (A.U.K.R.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (N.M.S., R.J.H.M.S., L.V.v.D.); School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S., P.W.); Department of Medical Physics, Velindre Cancer Centre, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S.); Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck), Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology-OncoRay, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, CHU Milétrie, Poitiers, France (T.U.); Department of Radiology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (J.v.G.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, the Netherlands (F.H.P.v.V.).; Desseroit MC; From OncoRay-National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Fetscherstr 74, PF 41, 01307 Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany: German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z.); Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden and Helmholtz Association/Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T.); German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); Medical Physics Unit, McGill University, Montréal, Canada (M.V., I.E.N.); Image Response Assessment Team Core Facility, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (M.A.A.); Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (H.J.W.L.A.); Institute of Information Systems, University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland (HES-SO), Sierre, Switzerland (V.A., A.D., H.M.); Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (A.A.); Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A.); Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A., A.R.); Center for Biomedical image Computing and Analytics (CBICA), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (R.J.B., R.B., E.A.G.P.); Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Centre (VUMC), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (R.B.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (M.B., M.Guckenberger, S.T.L.); Fondazione Policlinico Universitario 'A. Gemelli' IRCCS, Rome, Italy (L.B., N.D., R.G., J.L., V.V.); Laboratoire d'Imagerie Translationnelle en Oncologie, Université Paris Saclay, Inserm, Institut Curie, Orsay, France (I.B., C.N., F.O.); Cancer Imaging Dept, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (G.J.R.C., V.G., M.M.S.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (A.D.); Laboratory of Medical Information Processing (LaTIM)-team ACTION (image-guided therapeutic action in oncology), INSERM, UMR 1101, IBSAM, UBO, UBL, Brest, France (M.C.D., M.H., T.U.); Department of Radiation Oncology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (C.V.D.); Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.E., S.N.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Physics Division, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (I.E.N., A.U.K.R.); Surgical Planning Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (A.Y.F.); Department of Cancer Imaging and Metabolism, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (R.J.G.); Department of Medical Image Computing, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (M. Götz, F.I., K.H.M.H., J.S.); The D-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands (P.L., R.T.H.L.); Section for Biomedical Physics, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tübingen, Germany (F.L., J.S.F., D.T.); Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (A.L.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, Calif (O.M.); University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (H.M.); Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Department of Medicine (Biomedical Informatics Research), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Departments of Radiology and Physics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (A.R.); Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (A.U.K.R.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (N.M.S., R.J.H.M.S., L.V.v.D.); School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S., P.W.); Department of Medical Physics, Velindre Cancer Centre, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S.); Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck), Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology-OncoRay, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, CHU Milétrie, Poitiers, France (T.U.); Department of Radiology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (J.v.G.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, the Netherlands (F.H.P.v.V.).; Dinapoli N; From OncoRay-National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Fetscherstr 74, PF 41, 01307 Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany: German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z.); Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden and Helmholtz Association/Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T.); German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); Medical Physics Unit, McGill University, Montréal, Canada (M.V., I.E.N.); Image Response Assessment Team Core Facility, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (M.A.A.); Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (H.J.W.L.A.); Institute of Information Systems, University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland (HES-SO), Sierre, Switzerland (V.A., A.D., H.M.); Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (A.A.); Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A.); Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A., A.R.); Center for Biomedical image Computing and Analytics (CBICA), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (R.J.B., R.B., E.A.G.P.); Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Centre (VUMC), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (R.B.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (M.B., M.Guckenberger, S.T.L.); Fondazione Policlinico Universitario 'A. Gemelli' IRCCS, Rome, Italy (L.B., N.D., R.G., J.L., V.V.); Laboratoire d'Imagerie Translationnelle en Oncologie, Université Paris Saclay, Inserm, Institut Curie, Orsay, France (I.B., C.N., F.O.); Cancer Imaging Dept, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (G.J.R.C., V.G., M.M.S.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (A.D.); Laboratory of Medical Information Processing (LaTIM)-team ACTION (image-guided therapeutic action in oncology), INSERM, UMR 1101, IBSAM, UBO, UBL, Brest, France (M.C.D., M.H., T.U.); Department of Radiation Oncology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (C.V.D.); Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.E., S.N.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Physics Division, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (I.E.N., A.U.K.R.); Surgical Planning Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (A.Y.F.); Department of Cancer Imaging and Metabolism, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (R.J.G.); Department of Medical Image Computing, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (M. Götz, F.I., K.H.M.H., J.S.); The D-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands (P.L., R.T.H.L.); Section for Biomedical Physics, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tübingen, Germany (F.L., J.S.F., D.T.); Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (A.L.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, Calif (O.M.); University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (H.M.); Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Department of Medicine (Biomedical Informatics Research), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Departments of Radiology and Physics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (A.R.); Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (A.U.K.R.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (N.M.S., R.J.H.M.S., L.V.v.D.); School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S., P.W.); Department of Medical Physics, Velindre Cancer Centre, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S.); Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck), Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology-OncoRay, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, CHU Milétrie, Poitiers, France (T.U.); Department of Radiology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (J.v.G.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, the Netherlands (F.H.P.v.V.).; Dinh CV; From OncoRay-National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Fetscherstr 74, PF 41, 01307 Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany: German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z.); Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden and Helmholtz Association/Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T.); German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); Medical Physics Unit, McGill University, Montréal, Canada (M.V., I.E.N.); Image Response Assessment Team Core Facility, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (M.A.A.); Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (H.J.W.L.A.); Institute of Information Systems, University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland (HES-SO), Sierre, Switzerland (V.A., A.D., H.M.); Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (A.A.); Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A.); Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A., A.R.); Center for Biomedical image Computing and Analytics (CBICA), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (R.J.B., R.B., E.A.G.P.); Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Centre (VUMC), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (R.B.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (M.B., M.Guckenberger, S.T.L.); Fondazione Policlinico Universitario 'A. Gemelli' IRCCS, Rome, Italy (L.B., N.D., R.G., J.L., V.V.); Laboratoire d'Imagerie Translationnelle en Oncologie, Université Paris Saclay, Inserm, Institut Curie, Orsay, France (I.B., C.N., F.O.); Cancer Imaging Dept, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (G.J.R.C., V.G., M.M.S.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (A.D.); Laboratory of Medical Information Processing (LaTIM)-team ACTION (image-guided therapeutic action in oncology), INSERM, UMR 1101, IBSAM, UBO, UBL, Brest, France (M.C.D., M.H., T.U.); Department of Radiation Oncology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (C.V.D.); Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.E., S.N.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Physics Division, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (I.E.N., A.U.K.R.); Surgical Planning Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (A.Y.F.); Department of Cancer Imaging and Metabolism, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (R.J.G.); Department of Medical Image Computing, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (M. Götz, F.I., K.H.M.H., J.S.); The D-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands (P.L., R.T.H.L.); Section for Biomedical Physics, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tübingen, Germany (F.L., J.S.F., D.T.); Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (A.L.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, Calif (O.M.); University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (H.M.); Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Department of Medicine (Biomedical Informatics Research), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Departments of Radiology and Physics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (A.R.); Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (A.U.K.R.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (N.M.S., R.J.H.M.S., L.V.v.D.); School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S., P.W.); Department of Medical Physics, Velindre Cancer Centre, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S.); Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck), Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology-OncoRay, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, CHU Milétrie, Poitiers, France (T.U.); Department of Radiology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (J.v.G.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, the Netherlands (F.H.P.v.V.).; Echegaray S; From OncoRay-National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Fetscherstr 74, PF 41, 01307 Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany: German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z.); Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden and Helmholtz Association/Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T.); German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); Medical Physics Unit, McGill University, Montréal, Canada (M.V., I.E.N.); Image Response Assessment Team Core Facility, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (M.A.A.); Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (H.J.W.L.A.); Institute of Information Systems, University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland (HES-SO), Sierre, Switzerland (V.A., A.D., H.M.); Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (A.A.); Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A.); Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A., A.R.); Center for Biomedical image Computing and Analytics (CBICA), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (R.J.B., R.B., E.A.G.P.); Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Centre (VUMC), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (R.B.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (M.B., M.Guckenberger, S.T.L.); Fondazione Policlinico Universitario 'A. Gemelli' IRCCS, Rome, Italy (L.B., N.D., R.G., J.L., V.V.); Laboratoire d'Imagerie Translationnelle en Oncologie, Université Paris Saclay, Inserm, Institut Curie, Orsay, France (I.B., C.N., F.O.); Cancer Imaging Dept, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (G.J.R.C., V.G., M.M.S.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (A.D.); Laboratory of Medical Information Processing (LaTIM)-team ACTION (image-guided therapeutic action in oncology), INSERM, UMR 1101, IBSAM, UBO, UBL, Brest, France (M.C.D., M.H., T.U.); Department of Radiation Oncology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (C.V.D.); Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.E., S.N.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Physics Division, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (I.E.N., A.U.K.R.); Surgical Planning Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (A.Y.F.); Department of Cancer Imaging and Metabolism, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (R.J.G.); Department of Medical Image Computing, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (M. Götz, F.I., K.H.M.H., J.S.); The D-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands (P.L., R.T.H.L.); Section for Biomedical Physics, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tübingen, Germany (F.L., J.S.F., D.T.); Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (A.L.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, Calif (O.M.); University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (H.M.); Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Department of Medicine (Biomedical Informatics Research), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Departments of Radiology and Physics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (A.R.); Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (A.U.K.R.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (N.M.S., R.J.H.M.S., L.V.v.D.); School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S., P.W.); Department of Medical Physics, Velindre Cancer Centre, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S.); Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck), Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology-OncoRay, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, CHU Milétrie, Poitiers, France (T.U.); Department of Radiology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (J.v.G.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, the Netherlands (F.H.P.v.V.).; El Naqa I; From OncoRay-National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Fetscherstr 74, PF 41, 01307 Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany: German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z.); Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden and Helmholtz Association/Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T.); German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); Medical Physics Unit, McGill University, Montréal, Canada (M.V., I.E.N.); Image Response Assessment Team Core Facility, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (M.A.A.); Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (H.J.W.L.A.); Institute of Information Systems, University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland (HES-SO), Sierre, Switzerland (V.A., A.D., H.M.); Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (A.A.); Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A.); Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A., A.R.); Center for Biomedical image Computing and Analytics (CBICA), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (R.J.B., R.B., E.A.G.P.); Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Centre (VUMC), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (R.B.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (M.B., M.Guckenberger, S.T.L.); Fondazione Policlinico Universitario 'A. Gemelli' IRCCS, Rome, Italy (L.B., N.D., R.G., J.L., V.V.); Laboratoire d'Imagerie Translationnelle en Oncologie, Université Paris Saclay, Inserm, Institut Curie, Orsay, France (I.B., C.N., F.O.); Cancer Imaging Dept, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (G.J.R.C., V.G., M.M.S.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (A.D.); Laboratory of Medical Information Processing (LaTIM)-team ACTION (image-guided therapeutic action in oncology), INSERM, UMR 1101, IBSAM, UBO, UBL, Brest, France (M.C.D., M.H., T.U.); Department of Radiation Oncology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (C.V.D.); Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.E., S.N.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Physics Division, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (I.E.N., A.U.K.R.); Surgical Planning Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (A.Y.F.); Department of Cancer Imaging and Metabolism, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (R.J.G.); Department of Medical Image Computing, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (M. Götz, F.I., K.H.M.H., J.S.); The D-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands (P.L., R.T.H.L.); Section for Biomedical Physics, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tübingen, Germany (F.L., J.S.F., D.T.); Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (A.L.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, Calif (O.M.); University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (H.M.); Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Department of Medicine (Biomedical Informatics Research), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Departments of Radiology and Physics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (A.R.); Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (A.U.K.R.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (N.M.S., R.J.H.M.S., L.V.v.D.); School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S., P.W.); Department of Medical Physics, Velindre Cancer Centre, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S.); Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck), Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology-OncoRay, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, CHU Milétrie, Poitiers, France (T.U.); Department of Radiology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (J.v.G.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, the Netherlands (F.H.P.v.V.).; Fedorov AY; From OncoRay-National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Fetscherstr 74, PF 41, 01307 Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany: German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z.); Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden and Helmholtz Association/Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T.); German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); Medical Physics Unit, McGill University, Montréal, Canada (M.V., I.E.N.); Image Response Assessment Team Core Facility, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (M.A.A.); Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (H.J.W.L.A.); Institute of Information Systems, University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland (HES-SO), Sierre, Switzerland (V.A., A.D., H.M.); Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (A.A.); Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A.); Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A., A.R.); Center for Biomedical image Computing and Analytics (CBICA), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (R.J.B., R.B., E.A.G.P.); Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Centre (VUMC), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (R.B.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (M.B., M.Guckenberger, S.T.L.); Fondazione Policlinico Universitario 'A. Gemelli' IRCCS, Rome, Italy (L.B., N.D., R.G., J.L., V.V.); Laboratoire d'Imagerie Translationnelle en Oncologie, Université Paris Saclay, Inserm, Institut Curie, Orsay, France (I.B., C.N., F.O.); Cancer Imaging Dept, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (G.J.R.C., V.G., M.M.S.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (A.D.); Laboratory of Medical Information Processing (LaTIM)-team ACTION (image-guided therapeutic action in oncology), INSERM, UMR 1101, IBSAM, UBO, UBL, Brest, France (M.C.D., M.H., T.U.); Department of Radiation Oncology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (C.V.D.); Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.E., S.N.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Physics Division, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (I.E.N., A.U.K.R.); Surgical Planning Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (A.Y.F.); Department of Cancer Imaging and Metabolism, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (R.J.G.); Department of Medical Image Computing, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (M. Götz, F.I., K.H.M.H., J.S.); The D-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands (P.L., R.T.H.L.); Section for Biomedical Physics, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tübingen, Germany (F.L., J.S.F., D.T.); Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (A.L.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, Calif (O.M.); University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (H.M.); Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Department of Medicine (Biomedical Informatics Research), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Departments of Radiology and Physics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (A.R.); Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (A.U.K.R.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (N.M.S., R.J.H.M.S., L.V.v.D.); School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S., P.W.); Department of Medical Physics, Velindre Cancer Centre, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S.); Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck), Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology-OncoRay, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, CHU Milétrie, Poitiers, France (T.U.); Department of Radiology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (J.v.G.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, the Netherlands (F.H.P.v.V.).; Gatta R; From OncoRay-National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Fetscherstr 74, PF 41, 01307 Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany: German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z.); Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden and Helmholtz Association/Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T.); German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); Medical Physics Unit, McGill University, Montréal, Canada (M.V., I.E.N.); Image Response Assessment Team Core Facility, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (M.A.A.); Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (H.J.W.L.A.); Institute of Information Systems, University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland (HES-SO), Sierre, Switzerland (V.A., A.D., H.M.); Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (A.A.); Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A.); Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A., A.R.); Center for Biomedical image Computing and Analytics (CBICA), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (R.J.B., R.B., E.A.G.P.); Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Centre (VUMC), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (R.B.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (M.B., M.Guckenberger, S.T.L.); Fondazione Policlinico Universitario 'A. Gemelli' IRCCS, Rome, Italy (L.B., N.D., R.G., J.L., V.V.); Laboratoire d'Imagerie Translationnelle en Oncologie, Université Paris Saclay, Inserm, Institut Curie, Orsay, France (I.B., C.N., F.O.); Cancer Imaging Dept, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (G.J.R.C., V.G., M.M.S.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (A.D.); Laboratory of Medical Information Processing (LaTIM)-team ACTION (image-guided therapeutic action in oncology), INSERM, UMR 1101, IBSAM, UBO, UBL, Brest, France (M.C.D., M.H., T.U.); Department of Radiation Oncology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (C.V.D.); Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.E., S.N.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Physics Division, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (I.E.N., A.U.K.R.); Surgical Planning Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (A.Y.F.); Department of Cancer Imaging and Metabolism, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (R.J.G.); Department of Medical Image Computing, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (M. Götz, F.I., K.H.M.H., J.S.); The D-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands (P.L., R.T.H.L.); Section for Biomedical Physics, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tübingen, Germany (F.L., J.S.F., D.T.); Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (A.L.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, Calif (O.M.); University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (H.M.); Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Department of Medicine (Biomedical Informatics Research), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Departments of Radiology and Physics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (A.R.); Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (A.U.K.R.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (N.M.S., R.J.H.M.S., L.V.v.D.); School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S., P.W.); Department of Medical Physics, Velindre Cancer Centre, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S.); Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck), Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology-OncoRay, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, CHU Milétrie, Poitiers, France (T.U.); Department of Radiology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (J.v.G.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, the Netherlands (F.H.P.v.V.).; Gillies RJ; From OncoRay-National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Fetscherstr 74, PF 41, 01307 Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany: German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z.); Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden and Helmholtz Association/Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T.); German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); Medical Physics Unit, McGill University, Montréal, Canada (M.V., I.E.N.); Image Response Assessment Team Core Facility, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (M.A.A.); Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (H.J.W.L.A.); Institute of Information Systems, University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland (HES-SO), Sierre, Switzerland (V.A., A.D., H.M.); Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (A.A.); Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A.); Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A., A.R.); Center for Biomedical image Computing and Analytics (CBICA), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (R.J.B., R.B., E.A.G.P.); Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Centre (VUMC), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (R.B.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (M.B., M.Guckenberger, S.T.L.); Fondazione Policlinico Universitario 'A. Gemelli' IRCCS, Rome, Italy (L.B., N.D., R.G., J.L., V.V.); Laboratoire d'Imagerie Translationnelle en Oncologie, Université Paris Saclay, Inserm, Institut Curie, Orsay, France (I.B., C.N., F.O.); Cancer Imaging Dept, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (G.J.R.C., V.G., M.M.S.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (A.D.); Laboratory of Medical Information Processing (LaTIM)-team ACTION (image-guided therapeutic action in oncology), INSERM, UMR 1101, IBSAM, UBO, UBL, Brest, France (M.C.D., M.H., T.U.); Department of Radiation Oncology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (C.V.D.); Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.E., S.N.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Physics Division, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (I.E.N., A.U.K.R.); Surgical Planning Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (A.Y.F.); Department of Cancer Imaging and Metabolism, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (R.J.G.); Department of Medical Image Computing, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (M. Götz, F.I., K.H.M.H., J.S.); The D-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands (P.L., R.T.H.L.); Section for Biomedical Physics, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tübingen, Germany (F.L., J.S.F., D.T.); Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (A.L.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, Calif (O.M.); University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (H.M.); Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Department of Medicine (Biomedical Informatics Research), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Departments of Radiology and Physics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (A.R.); Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (A.U.K.R.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (N.M.S., R.J.H.M.S., L.V.v.D.); School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S., P.W.); Department of Medical Physics, Velindre Cancer Centre, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S.); Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck), Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology-OncoRay, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, CHU Milétrie, Poitiers, France (T.U.); Department of Radiology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (J.v.G.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, the Netherlands (F.H.P.v.V.).; Goh V; From OncoRay-National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Fetscherstr 74, PF 41, 01307 Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany: German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z.); Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden and Helmholtz Association/Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T.); German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); Medical Physics Unit, McGill University, Montréal, Canada (M.V., I.E.N.); Image Response Assessment Team Core Facility, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (M.A.A.); Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (H.J.W.L.A.); Institute of Information Systems, University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland (HES-SO), Sierre, Switzerland (V.A., A.D., H.M.); Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (A.A.); Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A.); Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A., A.R.); Center for Biomedical image Computing and Analytics (CBICA), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (R.J.B., R.B., E.A.G.P.); Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Centre (VUMC), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (R.B.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (M.B., M.Guckenberger, S.T.L.); Fondazione Policlinico Universitario 'A. Gemelli' IRCCS, Rome, Italy (L.B., N.D., R.G., J.L., V.V.); Laboratoire d'Imagerie Translationnelle en Oncologie, Université Paris Saclay, Inserm, Institut Curie, Orsay, France (I.B., C.N., F.O.); Cancer Imaging Dept, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (G.J.R.C., V.G., M.M.S.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (A.D.); Laboratory of Medical Information Processing (LaTIM)-team ACTION (image-guided therapeutic action in oncology), INSERM, UMR 1101, IBSAM, UBO, UBL, Brest, France (M.C.D., M.H., T.U.); Department of Radiation Oncology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (C.V.D.); Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.E., S.N.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Physics Division, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (I.E.N., A.U.K.R.); Surgical Planning Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (A.Y.F.); Department of Cancer Imaging and Metabolism, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (R.J.G.); Department of Medical Image Computing, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (M. Götz, F.I., K.H.M.H., J.S.); The D-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands (P.L., R.T.H.L.); Section for Biomedical Physics, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tübingen, Germany (F.L., J.S.F., D.T.); Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (A.L.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, Calif (O.M.); University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (H.M.); Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Department of Medicine (Biomedical Informatics Research), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Departments of Radiology and Physics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (A.R.); Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (A.U.K.R.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (N.M.S., R.J.H.M.S., L.V.v.D.); School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S., P.W.); Department of Medical Physics, Velindre Cancer Centre, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S.); Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck), Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology-OncoRay, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, CHU Milétrie, Poitiers, France (T.U.); Department of Radiology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (J.v.G.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, the Netherlands (F.H.P.v.V.).; Götz M; From OncoRay-National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Fetscherstr 74, PF 41, 01307 Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany: German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z.); Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden and Helmholtz Association/Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T.); German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); Medical Physics Unit, McGill University, Montréal, Canada (M.V., I.E.N.); Image Response Assessment Team Core Facility, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (M.A.A.); Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (H.J.W.L.A.); Institute of Information Systems, University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland (HES-SO), Sierre, Switzerland (V.A., A.D., H.M.); Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (A.A.); Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A.); Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A., A.R.); Center for Biomedical image Computing and Analytics (CBICA), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (R.J.B., R.B., E.A.G.P.); Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Centre (VUMC), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (R.B.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (M.B., M.Guckenberger, S.T.L.); Fondazione Policlinico Universitario 'A. Gemelli' IRCCS, Rome, Italy (L.B., N.D., R.G., J.L., V.V.); Laboratoire d'Imagerie Translationnelle en Oncologie, Université Paris Saclay, Inserm, Institut Curie, Orsay, France (I.B., C.N., F.O.); Cancer Imaging Dept, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (G.J.R.C., V.G., M.M.S.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (A.D.); Laboratory of Medical Information Processing (LaTIM)-team ACTION (image-guided therapeutic action in oncology), INSERM, UMR 1101, IBSAM, UBO, UBL, Brest, France (M.C.D., M.H., T.U.); Department of Radiation Oncology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (C.V.D.); Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.E., S.N.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Physics Division, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (I.E.N., A.U.K.R.); Surgical Planning Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (A.Y.F.); Department of Cancer Imaging and Metabolism, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (R.J.G.); Department of Medical Image Computing, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (M. Götz, F.I., K.H.M.H., J.S.); The D-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands (P.L., R.T.H.L.); Section for Biomedical Physics, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tübingen, Germany (F.L., J.S.F., D.T.); Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (A.L.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, Calif (O.M.); University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (H.M.); Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Department of Medicine (Biomedical Informatics Research), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Departments of Radiology and Physics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (A.R.); Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (A.U.K.R.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (N.M.S., R.J.H.M.S., L.V.v.D.); School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S., P.W.); Department of Medical Physics, Velindre Cancer Centre, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S.); Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck), Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology-OncoRay, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, CHU Milétrie, Poitiers, France (T.U.); Department of Radiology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (J.v.G.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, the Netherlands (F.H.P.v.V.).; Guckenberger M; From OncoRay-National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Fetscherstr 74, PF 41, 01307 Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany: German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z.); Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden and Helmholtz Association/Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T.); German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); Medical Physics Unit, McGill University, Montréal, Canada (M.V., I.E.N.); Image Response Assessment Team Core Facility, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (M.A.A.); Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (H.J.W.L.A.); Institute of Information Systems, University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland (HES-SO), Sierre, Switzerland (V.A., A.D., H.M.); Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (A.A.); Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A.); Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A., A.R.); Center for Biomedical image Computing and Analytics (CBICA), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (R.J.B., R.B., E.A.G.P.); Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Centre (VUMC), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (R.B.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (M.B., M.Guckenberger, S.T.L.); Fondazione Policlinico Universitario 'A. Gemelli' IRCCS, Rome, Italy (L.B., N.D., R.G., J.L., V.V.); Laboratoire d'Imagerie Translationnelle en Oncologie, Université Paris Saclay, Inserm, Institut Curie, Orsay, France (I.B., C.N., F.O.); Cancer Imaging Dept, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (G.J.R.C., V.G., M.M.S.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (A.D.); Laboratory of Medical Information Processing (LaTIM)-team ACTION (image-guided therapeutic action in oncology), INSERM, UMR 1101, IBSAM, UBO, UBL, Brest, France (M.C.D., M.H., T.U.); Department of Radiation Oncology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (C.V.D.); Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.E., S.N.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Physics Division, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (I.E.N., A.U.K.R.); Surgical Planning Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (A.Y.F.); Department of Cancer Imaging and Metabolism, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (R.J.G.); Department of Medical Image Computing, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (M. Götz, F.I., K.H.M.H., J.S.); The D-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands (P.L., R.T.H.L.); Section for Biomedical Physics, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tübingen, Germany (F.L., J.S.F., D.T.); Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (A.L.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, Calif (O.M.); University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (H.M.); Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Department of Medicine (Biomedical Informatics Research), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Departments of Radiology and Physics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (A.R.); Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (A.U.K.R.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (N.M.S., R.J.H.M.S., L.V.v.D.); School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S., P.W.); Department of Medical Physics, Velindre Cancer Centre, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S.); Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck), Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology-OncoRay, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, CHU Milétrie, Poitiers, France (T.U.); Department of Radiology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (J.v.G.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, the Netherlands (F.H.P.v.V.).; Ha SM; From OncoRay-National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Fetscherstr 74, PF 41, 01307 Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany: German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z.); Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden and Helmholtz Association/Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T.); German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); Medical Physics Unit, McGill University, Montréal, Canada (M.V., I.E.N.); Image Response Assessment Team Core Facility, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (M.A.A.); Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (H.J.W.L.A.); Institute of Information Systems, University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland (HES-SO), Sierre, Switzerland (V.A., A.D., H.M.); Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (A.A.); Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A.); Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A., A.R.); Center for Biomedical image Computing and Analytics (CBICA), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (R.J.B., R.B., E.A.G.P.); Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Centre (VUMC), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (R.B.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (M.B., M.Guckenberger, S.T.L.); Fondazione Policlinico Universitario 'A. Gemelli' IRCCS, Rome, Italy (L.B., N.D., R.G., J.L., V.V.); Laboratoire d'Imagerie Translationnelle en Oncologie, Université Paris Saclay, Inserm, Institut Curie, Orsay, France (I.B., C.N., F.O.); Cancer Imaging Dept, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (G.J.R.C., V.G., M.M.S.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (A.D.); Laboratory of Medical Information Processing (LaTIM)-team ACTION (image-guided therapeutic action in oncology), INSERM, UMR 1101, IBSAM, UBO, UBL, Brest, France (M.C.D., M.H., T.U.); Department of Radiation Oncology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (C.V.D.); Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.E., S.N.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Physics Division, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (I.E.N., A.U.K.R.); Surgical Planning Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (A.Y.F.); Department of Cancer Imaging and Metabolism, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (R.J.G.); Department of Medical Image Computing, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (M. Götz, F.I., K.H.M.H., J.S.); The D-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands (P.L., R.T.H.L.); Section for Biomedical Physics, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tübingen, Germany (F.L., J.S.F., D.T.); Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (A.L.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, Calif (O.M.); University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (H.M.); Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Department of Medicine (Biomedical Informatics Research), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Departments of Radiology and Physics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (A.R.); Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (A.U.K.R.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (N.M.S., R.J.H.M.S., L.V.v.D.); School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S., P.W.); Department of Medical Physics, Velindre Cancer Centre, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S.); Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck), Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology-OncoRay, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, CHU Milétrie, Poitiers, France (T.U.); Department of Radiology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (J.v.G.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, the Netherlands (F.H.P.v.V.).; Hatt M; From OncoRay-National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Fetscherstr 74, PF 41, 01307 Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany: German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z.); Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden and Helmholtz Association/Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T.); German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); Medical Physics Unit, McGill University, Montréal, Canada (M.V., I.E.N.); Image Response Assessment Team Core Facility, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (M.A.A.); Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (H.J.W.L.A.); Institute of Information Systems, University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland (HES-SO), Sierre, Switzerland (V.A., A.D., H.M.); Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (A.A.); Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A.); Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A., A.R.); Center for Biomedical image Computing and Analytics (CBICA), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (R.J.B., R.B., E.A.G.P.); Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Centre (VUMC), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (R.B.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (M.B., M.Guckenberger, S.T.L.); Fondazione Policlinico Universitario 'A. Gemelli' IRCCS, Rome, Italy (L.B., N.D., R.G., J.L., V.V.); Laboratoire d'Imagerie Translationnelle en Oncologie, Université Paris Saclay, Inserm, Institut Curie, Orsay, France (I.B., C.N., F.O.); Cancer Imaging Dept, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (G.J.R.C., V.G., M.M.S.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (A.D.); Laboratory of Medical Information Processing (LaTIM)-team ACTION (image-guided therapeutic action in oncology), INSERM, UMR 1101, IBSAM, UBO, UBL, Brest, France (M.C.D., M.H., T.U.); Department of Radiation Oncology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (C.V.D.); Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.E., S.N.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Physics Division, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (I.E.N., A.U.K.R.); Surgical Planning Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (A.Y.F.); Department of Cancer Imaging and Metabolism, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (R.J.G.); Department of Medical Image Computing, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (M. Götz, F.I., K.H.M.H., J.S.); The D-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands (P.L., R.T.H.L.); Section for Biomedical Physics, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tübingen, Germany (F.L., J.S.F., D.T.); Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (A.L.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, Calif (O.M.); University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (H.M.); Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Department of Medicine (Biomedical Informatics Research), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Departments of Radiology and Physics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (A.R.); Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (A.U.K.R.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (N.M.S., R.J.H.M.S., L.V.v.D.); School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S., P.W.); Department of Medical Physics, Velindre Cancer Centre, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S.); Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck), Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology-OncoRay, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, CHU Milétrie, Poitiers, France (T.U.); Department of Radiology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (J.v.G.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, the Netherlands (F.H.P.v.V.).; Isensee F; From OncoRay-National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Fetscherstr 74, PF 41, 01307 Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany: German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z.); Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden and Helmholtz Association/Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T.); German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); Medical Physics Unit, McGill University, Montréal, Canada (M.V., I.E.N.); Image Response Assessment Team Core Facility, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (M.A.A.); Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (H.J.W.L.A.); Institute of Information Systems, University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland (HES-SO), Sierre, Switzerland (V.A., A.D., H.M.); Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (A.A.); Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A.); Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A., A.R.); Center for Biomedical image Computing and Analytics (CBICA), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (R.J.B., R.B., E.A.G.P.); Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Centre (VUMC), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (R.B.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (M.B., M.Guckenberger, S.T.L.); Fondazione Policlinico Universitario 'A. Gemelli' IRCCS, Rome, Italy (L.B., N.D., R.G., J.L., V.V.); Laboratoire d'Imagerie Translationnelle en Oncologie, Université Paris Saclay, Inserm, Institut Curie, Orsay, France (I.B., C.N., F.O.); Cancer Imaging Dept, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (G.J.R.C., V.G., M.M.S.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (A.D.); Laboratory of Medical Information Processing (LaTIM)-team ACTION (image-guided therapeutic action in oncology), INSERM, UMR 1101, IBSAM, UBO, UBL, Brest, France (M.C.D., M.H., T.U.); Department of Radiation Oncology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (C.V.D.); Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.E., S.N.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Physics Division, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (I.E.N., A.U.K.R.); Surgical Planning Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (A.Y.F.); Department of Cancer Imaging and Metabolism, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (R.J.G.); Department of Medical Image Computing, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (M. Götz, F.I., K.H.M.H., J.S.); The D-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands (P.L., R.T.H.L.); Section for Biomedical Physics, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tübingen, Germany (F.L., J.S.F., D.T.); Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (A.L.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, Calif (O.M.); University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (H.M.); Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Department of Medicine (Biomedical Informatics Research), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Departments of Radiology and Physics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (A.R.); Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (A.U.K.R.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (N.M.S., R.J.H.M.S., L.V.v.D.); School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S., P.W.); Department of Medical Physics, Velindre Cancer Centre, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S.); Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck), Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology-OncoRay, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, CHU Milétrie, Poitiers, France (T.U.); Department of Radiology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (J.v.G.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, the Netherlands (F.H.P.v.V.).; Lambin P; From OncoRay-National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Fetscherstr 74, PF 41, 01307 Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany: German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z.); Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden and Helmholtz Association/Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T.); German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); Medical Physics Unit, McGill University, Montréal, Canada (M.V., I.E.N.); Image Response Assessment Team Core Facility, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (M.A.A.); Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (H.J.W.L.A.); Institute of Information Systems, University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland (HES-SO), Sierre, Switzerland (V.A., A.D., H.M.); Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (A.A.); Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A.); Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A., A.R.); Center for Biomedical image Computing and Analytics (CBICA), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (R.J.B., R.B., E.A.G.P.); Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Centre (VUMC), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (R.B.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (M.B., M.Guckenberger, S.T.L.); Fondazione Policlinico Universitario 'A. Gemelli' IRCCS, Rome, Italy (L.B., N.D., R.G., J.L., V.V.); Laboratoire d'Imagerie Translationnelle en Oncologie, Université Paris Saclay, Inserm, Institut Curie, Orsay, France (I.B., C.N., F.O.); Cancer Imaging Dept, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (G.J.R.C., V.G., M.M.S.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (A.D.); Laboratory of Medical Information Processing (LaTIM)-team ACTION (image-guided therapeutic action in oncology), INSERM, UMR 1101, IBSAM, UBO, UBL, Brest, France (M.C.D., M.H., T.U.); Department of Radiation Oncology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (C.V.D.); Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.E., S.N.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Physics Division, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (I.E.N., A.U.K.R.); Surgical Planning Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (A.Y.F.); Department of Cancer Imaging and Metabolism, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (R.J.G.); Department of Medical Image Computing, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (M. Götz, F.I., K.H.M.H., J.S.); The D-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands (P.L., R.T.H.L.); Section for Biomedical Physics, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tübingen, Germany (F.L., J.S.F., D.T.); Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (A.L.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, Calif (O.M.); University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (H.M.); Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Department of Medicine (Biomedical Informatics Research), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Departments of Radiology and Physics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (A.R.); Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (A.U.K.R.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (N.M.S., R.J.H.M.S., L.V.v.D.); School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S., P.W.); Department of Medical Physics, Velindre Cancer Centre, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S.); Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck), Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology-OncoRay, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, CHU Milétrie, Poitiers, France (T.U.); Department of Radiology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (J.v.G.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, the Netherlands (F.H.P.v.V.).; Leger S; From OncoRay-National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Fetscherstr 74, PF 41, 01307 Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany: German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z.); Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden and Helmholtz Association/Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T.); German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); Medical Physics Unit, McGill University, Montréal, Canada (M.V., I.E.N.); Image Response Assessment Team Core Facility, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (M.A.A.); Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (H.J.W.L.A.); Institute of Information Systems, University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland (HES-SO), Sierre, Switzerland (V.A., A.D., H.M.); Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (A.A.); Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A.); Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A., A.R.); Center for Biomedical image Computing and Analytics (CBICA), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (R.J.B., R.B., E.A.G.P.); Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Centre (VUMC), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (R.B.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (M.B., M.Guckenberger, S.T.L.); Fondazione Policlinico Universitario 'A. Gemelli' IRCCS, Rome, Italy (L.B., N.D., R.G., J.L., V.V.); Laboratoire d'Imagerie Translationnelle en Oncologie, Université Paris Saclay, Inserm, Institut Curie, Orsay, France (I.B., C.N., F.O.); Cancer Imaging Dept, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (G.J.R.C., V.G., M.M.S.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (A.D.); Laboratory of Medical Information Processing (LaTIM)-team ACTION (image-guided therapeutic action in oncology), INSERM, UMR 1101, IBSAM, UBO, UBL, Brest, France (M.C.D., M.H., T.U.); Department of Radiation Oncology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (C.V.D.); Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.E., S.N.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Physics Division, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (I.E.N., A.U.K.R.); Surgical Planning Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (A.Y.F.); Department of Cancer Imaging and Metabolism, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (R.J.G.); Department of Medical Image Computing, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (M. Götz, F.I., K.H.M.H., J.S.); The D-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands (P.L., R.T.H.L.); Section for Biomedical Physics, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tübingen, Germany (F.L., J.S.F., D.T.); Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (A.L.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, Calif (O.M.); University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (H.M.); Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Department of Medicine (Biomedical Informatics Research), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Departments of Radiology and Physics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (A.R.); Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (A.U.K.R.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (N.M.S., R.J.H.M.S., L.V.v.D.); School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S., P.W.); Department of Medical Physics, Velindre Cancer Centre, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S.); Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck), Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology-OncoRay, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, CHU Milétrie, Poitiers, France (T.U.); Department of Radiology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (J.v.G.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, the Netherlands (F.H.P.v.V.).; Leijenaar RTH; From OncoRay-National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Fetscherstr 74, PF 41, 01307 Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany: German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z.); Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden and Helmholtz Association/Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T.); German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); Medical Physics Unit, McGill University, Montréal, Canada (M.V., I.E.N.); Image Response Assessment Team Core Facility, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (M.A.A.); Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (H.J.W.L.A.); Institute of Information Systems, University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland (HES-SO), Sierre, Switzerland (V.A., A.D., H.M.); Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (A.A.); Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A.); Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A., A.R.); Center for Biomedical image Computing and Analytics (CBICA), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (R.J.B., R.B., E.A.G.P.); Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Centre (VUMC), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (R.B.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (M.B., M.Guckenberger, S.T.L.); Fondazione Policlinico Universitario 'A. Gemelli' IRCCS, Rome, Italy (L.B., N.D., R.G., J.L., V.V.); Laboratoire d'Imagerie Translationnelle en Oncologie, Université Paris Saclay, Inserm, Institut Curie, Orsay, France (I.B., C.N., F.O.); Cancer Imaging Dept, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (G.J.R.C., V.G., M.M.S.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (A.D.); Laboratory of Medical Information Processing (LaTIM)-team ACTION (image-guided therapeutic action in oncology), INSERM, UMR 1101, IBSAM, UBO, UBL, Brest, France (M.C.D., M.H., T.U.); Department of Radiation Oncology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (C.V.D.); Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.E., S.N.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Physics Division, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (I.E.N., A.U.K.R.); Surgical Planning Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (A.Y.F.); Department of Cancer Imaging and Metabolism, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (R.J.G.); Department of Medical Image Computing, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (M. Götz, F.I., K.H.M.H., J.S.); The D-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands (P.L., R.T.H.L.); Section for Biomedical Physics, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tübingen, Germany (F.L., J.S.F., D.T.); Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (A.L.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, Calif (O.M.); University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (H.M.); Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Department of Medicine (Biomedical Informatics Research), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Departments of Radiology and Physics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (A.R.); Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (A.U.K.R.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (N.M.S., R.J.H.M.S., L.V.v.D.); School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S., P.W.); Department of Medical Physics, Velindre Cancer Centre, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S.); Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck), Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology-OncoRay, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, CHU Milétrie, Poitiers, France (T.U.); Department of Radiology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (J.v.G.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, the Netherlands (F.H.P.v.V.).; Lenkowicz J; From OncoRay-National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Fetscherstr 74, PF 41, 01307 Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany: German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z.); Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden and Helmholtz Association/Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T.); German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); Medical Physics Unit, McGill University, Montréal, Canada (M.V., I.E.N.); Image Response Assessment Team Core Facility, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (M.A.A.); Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (H.J.W.L.A.); Institute of Information Systems, University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland (HES-SO), Sierre, Switzerland (V.A., A.D., H.M.); Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (A.A.); Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A.); Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A., A.R.); Center for Biomedical image Computing and Analytics (CBICA), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (R.J.B., R.B., E.A.G.P.); Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Centre (VUMC), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (R.B.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (M.B., M.Guckenberger, S.T.L.); Fondazione Policlinico Universitario 'A. Gemelli' IRCCS, Rome, Italy (L.B., N.D., R.G., J.L., V.V.); Laboratoire d'Imagerie Translationnelle en Oncologie, Université Paris Saclay, Inserm, Institut Curie, Orsay, France (I.B., C.N., F.O.); Cancer Imaging Dept, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (G.J.R.C., V.G., M.M.S.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (A.D.); Laboratory of Medical Information Processing (LaTIM)-team ACTION (image-guided therapeutic action in oncology), INSERM, UMR 1101, IBSAM, UBO, UBL, Brest, France (M.C.D., M.H., T.U.); Department of Radiation Oncology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (C.V.D.); Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.E., S.N.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Physics Division, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (I.E.N., A.U.K.R.); Surgical Planning Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (A.Y.F.); Department of Cancer Imaging and Metabolism, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (R.J.G.); Department of Medical Image Computing, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (M. Götz, F.I., K.H.M.H., J.S.); The D-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands (P.L., R.T.H.L.); Section for Biomedical Physics, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tübingen, Germany (F.L., J.S.F., D.T.); Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (A.L.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, Calif (O.M.); University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (H.M.); Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Department of Medicine (Biomedical Informatics Research), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Departments of Radiology and Physics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (A.R.); Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (A.U.K.R.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (N.M.S., R.J.H.M.S., L.V.v.D.); School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S., P.W.); Department of Medical Physics, Velindre Cancer Centre, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S.); Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck), Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology-OncoRay, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, CHU Milétrie, Poitiers, France (T.U.); Department of Radiology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (J.v.G.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, the Netherlands (F.H.P.v.V.).; Lippert F; From OncoRay-National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Fetscherstr 74, PF 41, 01307 Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany: German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z.); Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden and Helmholtz Association/Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T.); German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); Medical Physics Unit, McGill University, Montréal, Canada (M.V., I.E.N.); Image Response Assessment Team Core Facility, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (M.A.A.); Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (H.J.W.L.A.); Institute of Information Systems, University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland (HES-SO), Sierre, Switzerland (V.A., A.D., H.M.); Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (A.A.); Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A.); Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A., A.R.); Center for Biomedical image Computing and Analytics (CBICA), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (R.J.B., R.B., E.A.G.P.); Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Centre (VUMC), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (R.B.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (M.B., M.Guckenberger, S.T.L.); Fondazione Policlinico Universitario 'A. Gemelli' IRCCS, Rome, Italy (L.B., N.D., R.G., J.L., V.V.); Laboratoire d'Imagerie Translationnelle en Oncologie, Université Paris Saclay, Inserm, Institut Curie, Orsay, France (I.B., C.N., F.O.); Cancer Imaging Dept, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (G.J.R.C., V.G., M.M.S.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (A.D.); Laboratory of Medical Information Processing (LaTIM)-team ACTION (image-guided therapeutic action in oncology), INSERM, UMR 1101, IBSAM, UBO, UBL, Brest, France (M.C.D., M.H., T.U.); Department of Radiation Oncology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (C.V.D.); Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.E., S.N.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Physics Division, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (I.E.N., A.U.K.R.); Surgical Planning Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (A.Y.F.); Department of Cancer Imaging and Metabolism, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (R.J.G.); Department of Medical Image Computing, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (M. Götz, F.I., K.H.M.H., J.S.); The D-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands (P.L., R.T.H.L.); Section for Biomedical Physics, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tübingen, Germany (F.L., J.S.F., D.T.); Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (A.L.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, Calif (O.M.); University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (H.M.); Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Department of Medicine (Biomedical Informatics Research), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Departments of Radiology and Physics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (A.R.); Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (A.U.K.R.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (N.M.S., R.J.H.M.S., L.V.v.D.); School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S., P.W.); Department of Medical Physics, Velindre Cancer Centre, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S.); Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck), Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology-OncoRay, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, CHU Milétrie, Poitiers, France (T.U.); Department of Radiology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (J.v.G.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, the Netherlands (F.H.P.v.V.).; Losnegård A; From OncoRay-National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Fetscherstr 74, PF 41, 01307 Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany: German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z.); Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden and Helmholtz Association/Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T.); German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); Medical Physics Unit, McGill University, Montréal, Canada (M.V., I.E.N.); Image Response Assessment Team Core Facility, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (M.A.A.); Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (H.J.W.L.A.); Institute of Information Systems, University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland (HES-SO), Sierre, Switzerland (V.A., A.D., H.M.); Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (A.A.); Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A.); Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A., A.R.); Center for Biomedical image Computing and Analytics (CBICA), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (R.J.B., R.B., E.A.G.P.); Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Centre (VUMC), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (R.B.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (M.B., M.Guckenberger, S.T.L.); Fondazione Policlinico Universitario 'A. Gemelli' IRCCS, Rome, Italy (L.B., N.D., R.G., J.L., V.V.); Laboratoire d'Imagerie Translationnelle en Oncologie, Université Paris Saclay, Inserm, Institut Curie, Orsay, France (I.B., C.N., F.O.); Cancer Imaging Dept, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (G.J.R.C., V.G., M.M.S.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (A.D.); Laboratory of Medical Information Processing (LaTIM)-team ACTION (image-guided therapeutic action in oncology), INSERM, UMR 1101, IBSAM, UBO, UBL, Brest, France (M.C.D., M.H., T.U.); Department of Radiation Oncology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (C.V.D.); Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.E., S.N.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Physics Division, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (I.E.N., A.U.K.R.); Surgical Planning Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (A.Y.F.); Department of Cancer Imaging and Metabolism, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (R.J.G.); Department of Medical Image Computing, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (M. Götz, F.I., K.H.M.H., J.S.); The D-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands (P.L., R.T.H.L.); Section for Biomedical Physics, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tübingen, Germany (F.L., J.S.F., D.T.); Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (A.L.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, Calif (O.M.); University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (H.M.); Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Department of Medicine (Biomedical Informatics Research), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Departments of Radiology and Physics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (A.R.); Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (A.U.K.R.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (N.M.S., R.J.H.M.S., L.V.v.D.); School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S., P.W.); Department of Medical Physics, Velindre Cancer Centre, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S.); Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck), Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology-OncoRay, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, CHU Milétrie, Poitiers, France (T.U.); Department of Radiology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (J.v.G.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, the Netherlands (F.H.P.v.V.).; Maier-Hein KH; From OncoRay-National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Fetscherstr 74, PF 41, 01307 Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany: German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z.); Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden and Helmholtz Association/Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T.); German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); Medical Physics Unit, McGill University, Montréal, Canada (M.V., I.E.N.); Image Response Assessment Team Core Facility, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (M.A.A.); Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (H.J.W.L.A.); Institute of Information Systems, University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland (HES-SO), Sierre, Switzerland (V.A., A.D., H.M.); Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (A.A.); Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A.); Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A., A.R.); Center for Biomedical image Computing and Analytics (CBICA), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (R.J.B., R.B., E.A.G.P.); Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Centre (VUMC), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (R.B.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (M.B., M.Guckenberger, S.T.L.); Fondazione Policlinico Universitario 'A. Gemelli' IRCCS, Rome, Italy (L.B., N.D., R.G., J.L., V.V.); Laboratoire d'Imagerie Translationnelle en Oncologie, Université Paris Saclay, Inserm, Institut Curie, Orsay, France (I.B., C.N., F.O.); Cancer Imaging Dept, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (G.J.R.C., V.G., M.M.S.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (A.D.); Laboratory of Medical Information Processing (LaTIM)-team ACTION (image-guided therapeutic action in oncology), INSERM, UMR 1101, IBSAM, UBO, UBL, Brest, France (M.C.D., M.H., T.U.); Department of Radiation Oncology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (C.V.D.); Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.E., S.N.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Physics Division, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (I.E.N., A.U.K.R.); Surgical Planning Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (A.Y.F.); Department of Cancer Imaging and Metabolism, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (R.J.G.); Department of Medical Image Computing, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (M. Götz, F.I., K.H.M.H., J.S.); The D-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands (P.L., R.T.H.L.); Section for Biomedical Physics, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tübingen, Germany (F.L., J.S.F., D.T.); Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (A.L.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, Calif (O.M.); University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (H.M.); Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Department of Medicine (Biomedical Informatics Research), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Departments of Radiology and Physics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (A.R.); Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (A.U.K.R.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (N.M.S., R.J.H.M.S., L.V.v.D.); School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S., P.W.); Department of Medical Physics, Velindre Cancer Centre, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S.); Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck), Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology-OncoRay, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, CHU Milétrie, Poitiers, France (T.U.); Department of Radiology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (J.v.G.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, the Netherlands (F.H.P.v.V.).; Morin O; From OncoRay-National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Fetscherstr 74, PF 41, 01307 Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany: German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z.); Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden and Helmholtz Association/Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T.); German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); Medical Physics Unit, McGill University, Montréal, Canada (M.V., I.E.N.); Image Response Assessment Team Core Facility, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (M.A.A.); Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (H.J.W.L.A.); Institute of Information Systems, University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland (HES-SO), Sierre, Switzerland (V.A., A.D., H.M.); Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (A.A.); Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A.); Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A., A.R.); Center for Biomedical image Computing and Analytics (CBICA), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (R.J.B., R.B., E.A.G.P.); Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Centre (VUMC), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (R.B.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (M.B., M.Guckenberger, S.T.L.); Fondazione Policlinico Universitario 'A. Gemelli' IRCCS, Rome, Italy (L.B., N.D., R.G., J.L., V.V.); Laboratoire d'Imagerie Translationnelle en Oncologie, Université Paris Saclay, Inserm, Institut Curie, Orsay, France (I.B., C.N., F.O.); Cancer Imaging Dept, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (G.J.R.C., V.G., M.M.S.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (A.D.); Laboratory of Medical Information Processing (LaTIM)-team ACTION (image-guided therapeutic action in oncology), INSERM, UMR 1101, IBSAM, UBO, UBL, Brest, France (M.C.D., M.H., T.U.); Department of Radiation Oncology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (C.V.D.); Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.E., S.N.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Physics Division, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (I.E.N., A.U.K.R.); Surgical Planning Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (A.Y.F.); Department of Cancer Imaging and Metabolism, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (R.J.G.); Department of Medical Image Computing, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (M. Götz, F.I., K.H.M.H., J.S.); The D-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands (P.L., R.T.H.L.); Section for Biomedical Physics, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tübingen, Germany (F.L., J.S.F., D.T.); Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (A.L.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, Calif (O.M.); University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (H.M.); Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Department of Medicine (Biomedical Informatics Research), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Departments of Radiology and Physics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (A.R.); Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (A.U.K.R.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (N.M.S., R.J.H.M.S., L.V.v.D.); School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S., P.W.); Department of Medical Physics, Velindre Cancer Centre, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S.); Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck), Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology-OncoRay, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, CHU Milétrie, Poitiers, France (T.U.); Department of Radiology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (J.v.G.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, the Netherlands (F.H.P.v.V.).; Müller H; From OncoRay-National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Fetscherstr 74, PF 41, 01307 Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany: German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z.); Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden and Helmholtz Association/Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T.); German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); Medical Physics Unit, McGill University, Montréal, Canada (M.V., I.E.N.); Image Response Assessment Team Core Facility, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (M.A.A.); Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (H.J.W.L.A.); Institute of Information Systems, University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland (HES-SO), Sierre, Switzerland (V.A., A.D., H.M.); Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (A.A.); Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A.); Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A., A.R.); Center for Biomedical image Computing and Analytics (CBICA), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (R.J.B., R.B., E.A.G.P.); Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Centre (VUMC), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (R.B.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (M.B., M.Guckenberger, S.T.L.); Fondazione Policlinico Universitario 'A. Gemelli' IRCCS, Rome, Italy (L.B., N.D., R.G., J.L., V.V.); Laboratoire d'Imagerie Translationnelle en Oncologie, Université Paris Saclay, Inserm, Institut Curie, Orsay, France (I.B., C.N., F.O.); Cancer Imaging Dept, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (G.J.R.C., V.G., M.M.S.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (A.D.); Laboratory of Medical Information Processing (LaTIM)-team ACTION (image-guided therapeutic action in oncology), INSERM, UMR 1101, IBSAM, UBO, UBL, Brest, France (M.C.D., M.H., T.U.); Department of Radiation Oncology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (C.V.D.); Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.E., S.N.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Physics Division, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (I.E.N., A.U.K.R.); Surgical Planning Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (A.Y.F.); Department of Cancer Imaging and Metabolism, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (R.J.G.); Department of Medical Image Computing, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (M. Götz, F.I., K.H.M.H., J.S.); The D-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands (P.L., R.T.H.L.); Section for Biomedical Physics, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tübingen, Germany (F.L., J.S.F., D.T.); Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (A.L.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, Calif (O.M.); University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (H.M.); Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Department of Medicine (Biomedical Informatics Research), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Departments of Radiology and Physics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (A.R.); Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (A.U.K.R.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (N.M.S., R.J.H.M.S., L.V.v.D.); School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S., P.W.); Department of Medical Physics, Velindre Cancer Centre, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S.); Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck), Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology-OncoRay, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, CHU Milétrie, Poitiers, France (T.U.); Department of Radiology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (J.v.G.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, the Netherlands (F.H.P.v.V.).; Napel S; From OncoRay-National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Fetscherstr 74, PF 41, 01307 Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany: German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z.); Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden and Helmholtz Association/Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T.); German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); Medical Physics Unit, McGill University, Montréal, Canada (M.V., I.E.N.); Image Response Assessment Team Core Facility, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (M.A.A.); Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (H.J.W.L.A.); Institute of Information Systems, University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland (HES-SO), Sierre, Switzerland (V.A., A.D., H.M.); Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (A.A.); Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A.); Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A., A.R.); Center for Biomedical image Computing and Analytics (CBICA), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (R.J.B., R.B., E.A.G.P.); Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Centre (VUMC), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (R.B.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (M.B., M.Guckenberger, S.T.L.); Fondazione Policlinico Universitario 'A. Gemelli' IRCCS, Rome, Italy (L.B., N.D., R.G., J.L., V.V.); Laboratoire d'Imagerie Translationnelle en Oncologie, Université Paris Saclay, Inserm, Institut Curie, Orsay, France (I.B., C.N., F.O.); Cancer Imaging Dept, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (G.J.R.C., V.G., M.M.S.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (A.D.); Laboratory of Medical Information Processing (LaTIM)-team ACTION (image-guided therapeutic action in oncology), INSERM, UMR 1101, IBSAM, UBO, UBL, Brest, France (M.C.D., M.H., T.U.); Department of Radiation Oncology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (C.V.D.); Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.E., S.N.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Physics Division, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (I.E.N., A.U.K.R.); Surgical Planning Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (A.Y.F.); Department of Cancer Imaging and Metabolism, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (R.J.G.); Department of Medical Image Computing, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (M. Götz, F.I., K.H.M.H., J.S.); The D-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands (P.L., R.T.H.L.); Section for Biomedical Physics, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tübingen, Germany (F.L., J.S.F., D.T.); Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (A.L.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, Calif (O.M.); University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (H.M.); Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Department of Medicine (Biomedical Informatics Research), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Departments of Radiology and Physics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (A.R.); Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (A.U.K.R.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (N.M.S., R.J.H.M.S., L.V.v.D.); School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S., P.W.); Department of Medical Physics, Velindre Cancer Centre, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S.); Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck), Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology-OncoRay, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, CHU Milétrie, Poitiers, France (T.U.); Department of Radiology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (J.v.G.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, the Netherlands (F.H.P.v.V.).; Nioche C; From OncoRay-National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Fetscherstr 74, PF 41, 01307 Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany: German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z.); Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden and Helmholtz Association/Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T.); German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); Medical Physics Unit, McGill University, Montréal, Canada (M.V., I.E.N.); Image Response Assessment Team Core Facility, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (M.A.A.); Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (H.J.W.L.A.); Institute of Information Systems, University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland (HES-SO), Sierre, Switzerland (V.A., A.D., H.M.); Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (A.A.); Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A.); Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A., A.R.); Center for Biomedical image Computing and Analytics (CBICA), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (R.J.B., R.B., E.A.G.P.); Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Centre (VUMC), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (R.B.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (M.B., M.Guckenberger, S.T.L.); Fondazione Policlinico Universitario 'A. Gemelli' IRCCS, Rome, Italy (L.B., N.D., R.G., J.L., V.V.); Laboratoire d'Imagerie Translationnelle en Oncologie, Université Paris Saclay, Inserm, Institut Curie, Orsay, France (I.B., C.N., F.O.); Cancer Imaging Dept, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (G.J.R.C., V.G., M.M.S.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (A.D.); Laboratory of Medical Information Processing (LaTIM)-team ACTION (image-guided therapeutic action in oncology), INSERM, UMR 1101, IBSAM, UBO, UBL, Brest, France (M.C.D., M.H., T.U.); Department of Radiation Oncology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (C.V.D.); Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.E., S.N.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Physics Division, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (I.E.N., A.U.K.R.); Surgical Planning Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (A.Y.F.); Department of Cancer Imaging and Metabolism, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (R.J.G.); Department of Medical Image Computing, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (M. Götz, F.I., K.H.M.H., J.S.); The D-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands (P.L., R.T.H.L.); Section for Biomedical Physics, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tübingen, Germany (F.L., J.S.F., D.T.); Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (A.L.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, Calif (O.M.); University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (H.M.); Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Department of Medicine (Biomedical Informatics Research), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Departments of Radiology and Physics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (A.R.); Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (A.U.K.R.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (N.M.S., R.J.H.M.S., L.V.v.D.); School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S., P.W.); Department of Medical Physics, Velindre Cancer Centre, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S.); Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck), Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology-OncoRay, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, CHU Milétrie, Poitiers, France (T.U.); Department of Radiology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (J.v.G.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, the Netherlands (F.H.P.v.V.).; Orlhac F; From OncoRay-National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Fetscherstr 74, PF 41, 01307 Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany: German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z.); Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden and Helmholtz Association/Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T.); German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); Medical Physics Unit, McGill University, Montréal, Canada (M.V., I.E.N.); Image Response Assessment Team Core Facility, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (M.A.A.); Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (H.J.W.L.A.); Institute of Information Systems, University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland (HES-SO), Sierre, Switzerland (V.A., A.D., H.M.); Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (A.A.); Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A.); Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A., A.R.); Center for Biomedical image Computing and Analytics (CBICA), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (R.J.B., R.B., E.A.G.P.); Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Centre (VUMC), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (R.B.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (M.B., M.Guckenberger, S.T.L.); Fondazione Policlinico Universitario 'A. Gemelli' IRCCS, Rome, Italy (L.B., N.D., R.G., J.L., V.V.); Laboratoire d'Imagerie Translationnelle en Oncologie, Université Paris Saclay, Inserm, Institut Curie, Orsay, France (I.B., C.N., F.O.); Cancer Imaging Dept, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (G.J.R.C., V.G., M.M.S.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (A.D.); Laboratory of Medical Information Processing (LaTIM)-team ACTION (image-guided therapeutic action in oncology), INSERM, UMR 1101, IBSAM, UBO, UBL, Brest, France (M.C.D., M.H., T.U.); Department of Radiation Oncology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (C.V.D.); Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.E., S.N.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Physics Division, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (I.E.N., A.U.K.R.); Surgical Planning Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (A.Y.F.); Department of Cancer Imaging and Metabolism, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (R.J.G.); Department of Medical Image Computing, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (M. Götz, F.I., K.H.M.H., J.S.); The D-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands (P.L., R.T.H.L.); Section for Biomedical Physics, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tübingen, Germany (F.L., J.S.F., D.T.); Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (A.L.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, Calif (O.M.); University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (H.M.); Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Department of Medicine (Biomedical Informatics Research), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Departments of Radiology and Physics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (A.R.); Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (A.U.K.R.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (N.M.S., R.J.H.M.S., L.V.v.D.); School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S., P.W.); Department of Medical Physics, Velindre Cancer Centre, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S.); Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck), Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology-OncoRay, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, CHU Milétrie, Poitiers, France (T.U.); Department of Radiology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (J.v.G.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, the Netherlands (F.H.P.v.V.).; Pati S; From OncoRay-National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Fetscherstr 74, PF 41, 01307 Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany: German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z.); Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden and Helmholtz Association/Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T.); German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); Medical Physics Unit, McGill University, Montréal, Canada (M.V., I.E.N.); Image Response Assessment Team Core Facility, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (M.A.A.); Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (H.J.W.L.A.); Institute of Information Systems, University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland (HES-SO), Sierre, Switzerland (V.A., A.D., H.M.); Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (A.A.); Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A.); Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A., A.R.); Center for Biomedical image Computing and Analytics (CBICA), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (R.J.B., R.B., E.A.G.P.); Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Centre (VUMC), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (R.B.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (M.B., M.Guckenberger, S.T.L.); Fondazione Policlinico Universitario 'A. Gemelli' IRCCS, Rome, Italy (L.B., N.D., R.G., J.L., V.V.); Laboratoire d'Imagerie Translationnelle en Oncologie, Université Paris Saclay, Inserm, Institut Curie, Orsay, France (I.B., C.N., F.O.); Cancer Imaging Dept, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (G.J.R.C., V.G., M.M.S.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (A.D.); Laboratory of Medical Information Processing (LaTIM)-team ACTION (image-guided therapeutic action in oncology), INSERM, UMR 1101, IBSAM, UBO, UBL, Brest, France (M.C.D., M.H., T.U.); Department of Radiation Oncology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (C.V.D.); Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.E., S.N.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Physics Division, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (I.E.N., A.U.K.R.); Surgical Planning Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (A.Y.F.); Department of Cancer Imaging and Metabolism, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (R.J.G.); Department of Medical Image Computing, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (M. Götz, F.I., K.H.M.H., J.S.); The D-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands (P.L., R.T.H.L.); Section for Biomedical Physics, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tübingen, Germany (F.L., J.S.F., D.T.); Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (A.L.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, Calif (O.M.); University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (H.M.); Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Department of Medicine (Biomedical Informatics Research), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Departments of Radiology and Physics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (A.R.); Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (A.U.K.R.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (N.M.S., R.J.H.M.S., L.V.v.D.); School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S., P.W.); Department of Medical Physics, Velindre Cancer Centre, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S.); Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck), Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology-OncoRay, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, CHU Milétrie, Poitiers, France (T.U.); Department of Radiology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (J.v.G.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, the Netherlands (F.H.P.v.V.).; Pfaehler EAG; From OncoRay-National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Fetscherstr 74, PF 41, 01307 Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany: German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z.); Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden and Helmholtz Association/Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T.); German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); Medical Physics Unit, McGill University, Montréal, Canada (M.V., I.E.N.); Image Response Assessment Team Core Facility, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (M.A.A.); Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (H.J.W.L.A.); Institute of Information Systems, University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland (HES-SO), Sierre, Switzerland (V.A., A.D., H.M.); Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (A.A.); Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A.); Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A., A.R.); Center for Biomedical image Computing and Analytics (CBICA), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (R.J.B., R.B., E.A.G.P.); Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Centre (VUMC), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (R.B.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (M.B., M.Guckenberger, S.T.L.); Fondazione Policlinico Universitario 'A. Gemelli' IRCCS, Rome, Italy (L.B., N.D., R.G., J.L., V.V.); Laboratoire d'Imagerie Translationnelle en Oncologie, Université Paris Saclay, Inserm, Institut Curie, Orsay, France (I.B., C.N., F.O.); Cancer Imaging Dept, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (G.J.R.C., V.G., M.M.S.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (A.D.); Laboratory of Medical Information Processing (LaTIM)-team ACTION (image-guided therapeutic action in oncology), INSERM, UMR 1101, IBSAM, UBO, UBL, Brest, France (M.C.D., M.H., T.U.); Department of Radiation Oncology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (C.V.D.); Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.E., S.N.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Physics Division, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (I.E.N., A.U.K.R.); Surgical Planning Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (A.Y.F.); Department of Cancer Imaging and Metabolism, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (R.J.G.); Department of Medical Image Computing, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (M. Götz, F.I., K.H.M.H., J.S.); The D-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands (P.L., R.T.H.L.); Section for Biomedical Physics, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tübingen, Germany (F.L., J.S.F., D.T.); Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (A.L.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, Calif (O.M.); University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (H.M.); Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Department of Medicine (Biomedical Informatics Research), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Departments of Radiology and Physics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (A.R.); Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (A.U.K.R.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (N.M.S., R.J.H.M.S., L.V.v.D.); School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S., P.W.); Department of Medical Physics, Velindre Cancer Centre, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S.); Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck), Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology-OncoRay, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, CHU Milétrie, Poitiers, France (T.U.); Department of Radiology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (J.v.G.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, the Netherlands (F.H.P.v.V.).; Rahmim A; From OncoRay-National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Fetscherstr 74, PF 41, 01307 Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany: German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z.); Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden and Helmholtz Association/Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T.); German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); Medical Physics Unit, McGill University, Montréal, Canada (M.V., I.E.N.); Image Response Assessment Team Core Facility, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (M.A.A.); Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (H.J.W.L.A.); Institute of Information Systems, University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland (HES-SO), Sierre, Switzerland (V.A., A.D., H.M.); Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (A.A.); Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A.); Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A., A.R.); Center for Biomedical image Computing and Analytics (CBICA), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (R.J.B., R.B., E.A.G.P.); Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Centre (VUMC), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (R.B.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (M.B., M.Guckenberger, S.T.L.); Fondazione Policlinico Universitario 'A. Gemelli' IRCCS, Rome, Italy (L.B., N.D., R.G., J.L., V.V.); Laboratoire d'Imagerie Translationnelle en Oncologie, Université Paris Saclay, Inserm, Institut Curie, Orsay, France (I.B., C.N., F.O.); Cancer Imaging Dept, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (G.J.R.C., V.G., M.M.S.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (A.D.); Laboratory of Medical Information Processing (LaTIM)-team ACTION (image-guided therapeutic action in oncology), INSERM, UMR 1101, IBSAM, UBO, UBL, Brest, France (M.C.D., M.H., T.U.); Department of Radiation Oncology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (C.V.D.); Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.E., S.N.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Physics Division, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (I.E.N., A.U.K.R.); Surgical Planning Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (A.Y.F.); Department of Cancer Imaging and Metabolism, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (R.J.G.); Department of Medical Image Computing, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (M. Götz, F.I., K.H.M.H., J.S.); The D-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands (P.L., R.T.H.L.); Section for Biomedical Physics, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tübingen, Germany (F.L., J.S.F., D.T.); Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (A.L.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, Calif (O.M.); University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (H.M.); Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Department of Medicine (Biomedical Informatics Research), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Departments of Radiology and Physics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (A.R.); Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (A.U.K.R.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (N.M.S., R.J.H.M.S., L.V.v.D.); School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S., P.W.); Department of Medical Physics, Velindre Cancer Centre, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S.); Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck), Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology-OncoRay, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, CHU Milétrie, Poitiers, France (T.U.); Department of Radiology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (J.v.G.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, the Netherlands (F.H.P.v.V.).; Rao AUK; From OncoRay-National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Fetscherstr 74, PF 41, 01307 Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany: German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z.); Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden and Helmholtz Association/Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T.); German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); Medical Physics Unit, McGill University, Montréal, Canada (M.V., I.E.N.); Image Response Assessment Team Core Facility, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (M.A.A.); Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (H.J.W.L.A.); Institute of Information Systems, University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland (HES-SO), Sierre, Switzerland (V.A., A.D., H.M.); Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (A.A.); Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A.); Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A., A.R.); Center for Biomedical image Computing and Analytics (CBICA), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (R.J.B., R.B., E.A.G.P.); Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Centre (VUMC), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (R.B.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (M.B., M.Guckenberger, S.T.L.); Fondazione Policlinico Universitario 'A. Gemelli' IRCCS, Rome, Italy (L.B., N.D., R.G., J.L., V.V.); Laboratoire d'Imagerie Translationnelle en Oncologie, Université Paris Saclay, Inserm, Institut Curie, Orsay, France (I.B., C.N., F.O.); Cancer Imaging Dept, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (G.J.R.C., V.G., M.M.S.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (A.D.); Laboratory of Medical Information Processing (LaTIM)-team ACTION (image-guided therapeutic action in oncology), INSERM, UMR 1101, IBSAM, UBO, UBL, Brest, France (M.C.D., M.H., T.U.); Department of Radiation Oncology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (C.V.D.); Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.E., S.N.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Physics Division, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (I.E.N., A.U.K.R.); Surgical Planning Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (A.Y.F.); Department of Cancer Imaging and Metabolism, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (R.J.G.); Department of Medical Image Computing, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (M. Götz, F.I., K.H.M.H., J.S.); The D-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands (P.L., R.T.H.L.); Section for Biomedical Physics, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tübingen, Germany (F.L., J.S.F., D.T.); Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (A.L.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, Calif (O.M.); University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (H.M.); Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Department of Medicine (Biomedical Informatics Research), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Departments of Radiology and Physics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (A.R.); Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (A.U.K.R.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (N.M.S., R.J.H.M.S., L.V.v.D.); School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S., P.W.); Department of Medical Physics, Velindre Cancer Centre, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S.); Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck), Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology-OncoRay, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, CHU Milétrie, Poitiers, France (T.U.); Department of Radiology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (J.v.G.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, the Netherlands (F.H.P.v.V.).; Scherer J; From OncoRay-National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Fetscherstr 74, PF 41, 01307 Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany: German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z.); Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden and Helmholtz Association/Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T.); German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); Medical Physics Unit, McGill University, Montréal, Canada (M.V., I.E.N.); Image Response Assessment Team Core Facility, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (M.A.A.); Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (H.J.W.L.A.); Institute of Information Systems, University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland (HES-SO), Sierre, Switzerland (V.A., A.D., H.M.); Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (A.A.); Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A.); Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A., A.R.); Center for Biomedical image Computing and Analytics (CBICA), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (R.J.B., R.B., E.A.G.P.); Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Centre (VUMC), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (R.B.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (M.B., M.Guckenberger, S.T.L.); Fondazione Policlinico Universitario 'A. Gemelli' IRCCS, Rome, Italy (L.B., N.D., R.G., J.L., V.V.); Laboratoire d'Imagerie Translationnelle en Oncologie, Université Paris Saclay, Inserm, Institut Curie, Orsay, France (I.B., C.N., F.O.); Cancer Imaging Dept, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (G.J.R.C., V.G., M.M.S.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (A.D.); Laboratory of Medical Information Processing (LaTIM)-team ACTION (image-guided therapeutic action in oncology), INSERM, UMR 1101, IBSAM, UBO, UBL, Brest, France (M.C.D., M.H., T.U.); Department of Radiation Oncology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (C.V.D.); Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.E., S.N.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Physics Division, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (I.E.N., A.U.K.R.); Surgical Planning Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (A.Y.F.); Department of Cancer Imaging and Metabolism, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (R.J.G.); Department of Medical Image Computing, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (M. Götz, F.I., K.H.M.H., J.S.); The D-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands (P.L., R.T.H.L.); Section for Biomedical Physics, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tübingen, Germany (F.L., J.S.F., D.T.); Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (A.L.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, Calif (O.M.); University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (H.M.); Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Department of Medicine (Biomedical Informatics Research), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Departments of Radiology and Physics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (A.R.); Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (A.U.K.R.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (N.M.S., R.J.H.M.S., L.V.v.D.); School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S., P.W.); Department of Medical Physics, Velindre Cancer Centre, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S.); Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck), Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology-OncoRay, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, CHU Milétrie, Poitiers, France (T.U.); Department of Radiology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (J.v.G.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, the Netherlands (F.H.P.v.V.).; Siddique MM; From OncoRay-National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Fetscherstr 74, PF 41, 01307 Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany: German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z.); Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden and Helmholtz Association/Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T.); German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); Medical Physics Unit, McGill University, Montréal, Canada (M.V., I.E.N.); Image Response Assessment Team Core Facility, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (M.A.A.); Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (H.J.W.L.A.); Institute of Information Systems, University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland (HES-SO), Sierre, Switzerland (V.A., A.D., H.M.); Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (A.A.); Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A.); Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A., A.R.); Center for Biomedical image Computing and Analytics (CBICA), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (R.J.B., R.B., E.A.G.P.); Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Centre (VUMC), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (R.B.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (M.B., M.Guckenberger, S.T.L.); Fondazione Policlinico Universitario 'A. Gemelli' IRCCS, Rome, Italy (L.B., N.D., R.G., J.L., V.V.); Laboratoire d'Imagerie Translationnelle en Oncologie, Université Paris Saclay, Inserm, Institut Curie, Orsay, France (I.B., C.N., F.O.); Cancer Imaging Dept, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (G.J.R.C., V.G., M.M.S.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (A.D.); Laboratory of Medical Information Processing (LaTIM)-team ACTION (image-guided therapeutic action in oncology), INSERM, UMR 1101, IBSAM, UBO, UBL, Brest, France (M.C.D., M.H., T.U.); Department of Radiation Oncology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (C.V.D.); Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.E., S.N.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Physics Division, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (I.E.N., A.U.K.R.); Surgical Planning Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (A.Y.F.); Department of Cancer Imaging and Metabolism, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (R.J.G.); Department of Medical Image Computing, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (M. Götz, F.I., K.H.M.H., J.S.); The D-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands (P.L., R.T.H.L.); Section for Biomedical Physics, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tübingen, Germany (F.L., J.S.F., D.T.); Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (A.L.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, Calif (O.M.); University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (H.M.); Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Department of Medicine (Biomedical Informatics Research), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Departments of Radiology and Physics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (A.R.); Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (A.U.K.R.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (N.M.S., R.J.H.M.S., L.V.v.D.); School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S., P.W.); Department of Medical Physics, Velindre Cancer Centre, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S.); Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck), Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology-OncoRay, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, CHU Milétrie, Poitiers, France (T.U.); Department of Radiology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (J.v.G.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, the Netherlands (F.H.P.v.V.).; Sijtsema NM; From OncoRay-National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Fetscherstr 74, PF 41, 01307 Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany: German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z.); Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden and Helmholtz Association/Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T.); German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); Medical Physics Unit, McGill University, Montréal, Canada (M.V., I.E.N.); Image Response Assessment Team Core Facility, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (M.A.A.); Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (H.J.W.L.A.); Institute of Information Systems, University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland (HES-SO), Sierre, Switzerland (V.A., A.D., H.M.); Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (A.A.); Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A.); Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A., A.R.); Center for Biomedical image Computing and Analytics (CBICA), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (R.J.B., R.B., E.A.G.P.); Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Centre (VUMC), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (R.B.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (M.B., M.Guckenberger, S.T.L.); Fondazione Policlinico Universitario 'A. Gemelli' IRCCS, Rome, Italy (L.B., N.D., R.G., J.L., V.V.); Laboratoire d'Imagerie Translationnelle en Oncologie, Université Paris Saclay, Inserm, Institut Curie, Orsay, France (I.B., C.N., F.O.); Cancer Imaging Dept, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (G.J.R.C., V.G., M.M.S.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (A.D.); Laboratory of Medical Information Processing (LaTIM)-team ACTION (image-guided therapeutic action in oncology), INSERM, UMR 1101, IBSAM, UBO, UBL, Brest, France (M.C.D., M.H., T.U.); Department of Radiation Oncology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (C.V.D.); Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.E., S.N.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Physics Division, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (I.E.N., A.U.K.R.); Surgical Planning Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (A.Y.F.); Department of Cancer Imaging and Metabolism, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (R.J.G.); Department of Medical Image Computing, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (M. Götz, F.I., K.H.M.H., J.S.); The D-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands (P.L., R.T.H.L.); Section for Biomedical Physics, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tübingen, Germany (F.L., J.S.F., D.T.); Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (A.L.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, Calif (O.M.); University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (H.M.); Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Department of Medicine (Biomedical Informatics Research), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Departments of Radiology and Physics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (A.R.); Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (A.U.K.R.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (N.M.S., R.J.H.M.S., L.V.v.D.); School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S., P.W.); Department of Medical Physics, Velindre Cancer Centre, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S.); Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck), Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology-OncoRay, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, CHU Milétrie, Poitiers, France (T.U.); Department of Radiology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (J.v.G.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, the Netherlands (F.H.P.v.V.).; Socarras Fernandez J; From OncoRay-National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Fetscherstr 74, PF 41, 01307 Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany: German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z.); Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden and Helmholtz Association/Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T.); German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); Medical Physics Unit, McGill University, Montréal, Canada (M.V., I.E.N.); Image Response Assessment Team Core Facility, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (M.A.A.); Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (H.J.W.L.A.); Institute of Information Systems, University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland (HES-SO), Sierre, Switzerland (V.A., A.D., H.M.); Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (A.A.); Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A.); Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A., A.R.); Center for Biomedical image Computing and Analytics (CBICA), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (R.J.B., R.B., E.A.G.P.); Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Centre (VUMC), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (R.B.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (M.B., M.Guckenberger, S.T.L.); Fondazione Policlinico Universitario 'A. Gemelli' IRCCS, Rome, Italy (L.B., N.D., R.G., J.L., V.V.); Laboratoire d'Imagerie Translationnelle en Oncologie, Université Paris Saclay, Inserm, Institut Curie, Orsay, France (I.B., C.N., F.O.); Cancer Imaging Dept, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (G.J.R.C., V.G., M.M.S.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (A.D.); Laboratory of Medical Information Processing (LaTIM)-team ACTION (image-guided therapeutic action in oncology), INSERM, UMR 1101, IBSAM, UBO, UBL, Brest, France (M.C.D., M.H., T.U.); Department of Radiation Oncology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (C.V.D.); Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.E., S.N.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Physics Division, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (I.E.N., A.U.K.R.); Surgical Planning Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (A.Y.F.); Department of Cancer Imaging and Metabolism, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (R.J.G.); Department of Medical Image Computing, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (M. Götz, F.I., K.H.M.H., J.S.); The D-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands (P.L., R.T.H.L.); Section for Biomedical Physics, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tübingen, Germany (F.L., J.S.F., D.T.); Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (A.L.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, Calif (O.M.); University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (H.M.); Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Department of Medicine (Biomedical Informatics Research), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Departments of Radiology and Physics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (A.R.); Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (A.U.K.R.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (N.M.S., R.J.H.M.S., L.V.v.D.); School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S., P.W.); Department of Medical Physics, Velindre Cancer Centre, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S.); Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck), Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology-OncoRay, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, CHU Milétrie, Poitiers, France (T.U.); Department of Radiology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (J.v.G.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, the Netherlands (F.H.P.v.V.).; Spezi E; From OncoRay-National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Fetscherstr 74, PF 41, 01307 Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany: German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z.); Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden and Helmholtz Association/Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T.); German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); Medical Physics Unit, McGill University, Montréal, Canada (M.V., I.E.N.); Image Response Assessment Team Core Facility, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (M.A.A.); Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (H.J.W.L.A.); Institute of Information Systems, University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland (HES-SO), Sierre, Switzerland (V.A., A.D., H.M.); Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (A.A.); Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A.); Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A., A.R.); Center for Biomedical image Computing and Analytics (CBICA), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (R.J.B., R.B., E.A.G.P.); Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Centre (VUMC), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (R.B.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (M.B., M.Guckenberger, S.T.L.); Fondazione Policlinico Universitario 'A. Gemelli' IRCCS, Rome, Italy (L.B., N.D., R.G., J.L., V.V.); Laboratoire d'Imagerie Translationnelle en Oncologie, Université Paris Saclay, Inserm, Institut Curie, Orsay, France (I.B., C.N., F.O.); Cancer Imaging Dept, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (G.J.R.C., V.G., M.M.S.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (A.D.); Laboratory of Medical Information Processing (LaTIM)-team ACTION (image-guided therapeutic action in oncology), INSERM, UMR 1101, IBSAM, UBO, UBL, Brest, France (M.C.D., M.H., T.U.); Department of Radiation Oncology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (C.V.D.); Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.E., S.N.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Physics Division, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (I.E.N., A.U.K.R.); Surgical Planning Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (A.Y.F.); Department of Cancer Imaging and Metabolism, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (R.J.G.); Department of Medical Image Computing, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (M. Götz, F.I., K.H.M.H., J.S.); The D-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands (P.L., R.T.H.L.); Section for Biomedical Physics, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tübingen, Germany (F.L., J.S.F., D.T.); Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (A.L.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, Calif (O.M.); University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (H.M.); Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Department of Medicine (Biomedical Informatics Research), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Departments of Radiology and Physics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (A.R.); Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (A.U.K.R.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (N.M.S., R.J.H.M.S., L.V.v.D.); School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S., P.W.); Department of Medical Physics, Velindre Cancer Centre, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S.); Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck), Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology-OncoRay, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, CHU Milétrie, Poitiers, France (T.U.); Department of Radiology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (J.v.G.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, the Netherlands (F.H.P.v.V.).; Steenbakkers RJHM; From OncoRay-National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Fetscherstr 74, PF 41, 01307 Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany: German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z.); Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden and Helmholtz Association/Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T.); German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); Medical Physics Unit, McGill University, Montréal, Canada (M.V., I.E.N.); Image Response Assessment Team Core Facility, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (M.A.A.); Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (H.J.W.L.A.); Institute of Information Systems, University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland (HES-SO), Sierre, Switzerland (V.A., A.D., H.M.); Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (A.A.); Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A.); Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A., A.R.); Center for Biomedical image Computing and Analytics (CBICA), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (R.J.B., R.B., E.A.G.P.); Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Centre (VUMC), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (R.B.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (M.B., M.Guckenberger, S.T.L.); Fondazione Policlinico Universitario 'A. Gemelli' IRCCS, Rome, Italy (L.B., N.D., R.G., J.L., V.V.); Laboratoire d'Imagerie Translationnelle en Oncologie, Université Paris Saclay, Inserm, Institut Curie, Orsay, France (I.B., C.N., F.O.); Cancer Imaging Dept, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (G.J.R.C., V.G., M.M.S.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (A.D.); Laboratory of Medical Information Processing (LaTIM)-team ACTION (image-guided therapeutic action in oncology), INSERM, UMR 1101, IBSAM, UBO, UBL, Brest, France (M.C.D., M.H., T.U.); Department of Radiation Oncology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (C.V.D.); Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.E., S.N.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Physics Division, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (I.E.N., A.U.K.R.); Surgical Planning Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (A.Y.F.); Department of Cancer Imaging and Metabolism, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (R.J.G.); Department of Medical Image Computing, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (M. Götz, F.I., K.H.M.H., J.S.); The D-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands (P.L., R.T.H.L.); Section for Biomedical Physics, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tübingen, Germany (F.L., J.S.F., D.T.); Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (A.L.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, Calif (O.M.); University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (H.M.); Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Department of Medicine (Biomedical Informatics Research), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Departments of Radiology and Physics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (A.R.); Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (A.U.K.R.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (N.M.S., R.J.H.M.S., L.V.v.D.); School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S., P.W.); Department of Medical Physics, Velindre Cancer Centre, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S.); Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck), Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology-OncoRay, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, CHU Milétrie, Poitiers, France (T.U.); Department of Radiology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (J.v.G.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, the Netherlands (F.H.P.v.V.).; Tanadini-Lang S; From OncoRay-National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Fetscherstr 74, PF 41, 01307 Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany: German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z.); Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden and Helmholtz Association/Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T.); German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); Medical Physics Unit, McGill University, Montréal, Canada (M.V., I.E.N.); Image Response Assessment Team Core Facility, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (M.A.A.); Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (H.J.W.L.A.); Institute of Information Systems, University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland (HES-SO), Sierre, Switzerland (V.A., A.D., H.M.); Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (A.A.); Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A.); Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A., A.R.); Center for Biomedical image Computing and Analytics (CBICA), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (R.J.B., R.B., E.A.G.P.); Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Centre (VUMC), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (R.B.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (M.B., M.Guckenberger, S.T.L.); Fondazione Policlinico Universitario 'A. Gemelli' IRCCS, Rome, Italy (L.B., N.D., R.G., J.L., V.V.); Laboratoire d'Imagerie Translationnelle en Oncologie, Université Paris Saclay, Inserm, Institut Curie, Orsay, France (I.B., C.N., F.O.); Cancer Imaging Dept, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (G.J.R.C., V.G., M.M.S.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (A.D.); Laboratory of Medical Information Processing (LaTIM)-team ACTION (image-guided therapeutic action in oncology), INSERM, UMR 1101, IBSAM, UBO, UBL, Brest, France (M.C.D., M.H., T.U.); Department of Radiation Oncology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (C.V.D.); Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.E., S.N.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Physics Division, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (I.E.N., A.U.K.R.); Surgical Planning Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (A.Y.F.); Department of Cancer Imaging and Metabolism, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (R.J.G.); Department of Medical Image Computing, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (M. Götz, F.I., K.H.M.H., J.S.); The D-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands (P.L., R.T.H.L.); Section for Biomedical Physics, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tübingen, Germany (F.L., J.S.F., D.T.); Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (A.L.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, Calif (O.M.); University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (H.M.); Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Department of Medicine (Biomedical Informatics Research), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Departments of Radiology and Physics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (A.R.); Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (A.U.K.R.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (N.M.S., R.J.H.M.S., L.V.v.D.); School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S., P.W.); Department of Medical Physics, Velindre Cancer Centre, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S.); Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck), Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology-OncoRay, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, CHU Milétrie, Poitiers, France (T.U.); Department of Radiology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (J.v.G.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, the Netherlands (F.H.P.v.V.).; Thorwarth D; From OncoRay-National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Fetscherstr 74, PF 41, 01307 Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany: German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z.); Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden and Helmholtz Association/Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T.); German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); Medical Physics Unit, McGill University, Montréal, Canada (M.V., I.E.N.); Image Response Assessment Team Core Facility, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (M.A.A.); Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (H.J.W.L.A.); Institute of Information Systems, University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland (HES-SO), Sierre, Switzerland (V.A., A.D., H.M.); Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (A.A.); Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A.); Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A., A.R.); Center for Biomedical image Computing and Analytics (CBICA), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (R.J.B., R.B., E.A.G.P.); Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Centre (VUMC), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (R.B.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (M.B., M.Guckenberger, S.T.L.); Fondazione Policlinico Universitario 'A. Gemelli' IRCCS, Rome, Italy (L.B., N.D., R.G., J.L., V.V.); Laboratoire d'Imagerie Translationnelle en Oncologie, Université Paris Saclay, Inserm, Institut Curie, Orsay, France (I.B., C.N., F.O.); Cancer Imaging Dept, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (G.J.R.C., V.G., M.M.S.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (A.D.); Laboratory of Medical Information Processing (LaTIM)-team ACTION (image-guided therapeutic action in oncology), INSERM, UMR 1101, IBSAM, UBO, UBL, Brest, France (M.C.D., M.H., T.U.); Department of Radiation Oncology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (C.V.D.); Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.E., S.N.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Physics Division, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (I.E.N., A.U.K.R.); Surgical Planning Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (A.Y.F.); Department of Cancer Imaging and Metabolism, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (R.J.G.); Department of Medical Image Computing, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (M. Götz, F.I., K.H.M.H., J.S.); The D-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands (P.L., R.T.H.L.); Section for Biomedical Physics, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tübingen, Germany (F.L., J.S.F., D.T.); Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (A.L.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, Calif (O.M.); University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (H.M.); Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Department of Medicine (Biomedical Informatics Research), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Departments of Radiology and Physics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (A.R.); Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (A.U.K.R.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (N.M.S., R.J.H.M.S., L.V.v.D.); School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S., P.W.); Department of Medical Physics, Velindre Cancer Centre, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S.); Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck), Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology-OncoRay, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, CHU Milétrie, Poitiers, France (T.U.); Department of Radiology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (J.v.G.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, the Netherlands (F.H.P.v.V.).; Troost EGC; From OncoRay-National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Fetscherstr 74, PF 41, 01307 Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany: German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z.); Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden and Helmholtz Association/Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T.); German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); Medical Physics Unit, McGill University, Montréal, Canada (M.V., I.E.N.); Image Response Assessment Team Core Facility, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (M.A.A.); Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (H.J.W.L.A.); Institute of Information Systems, University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland (HES-SO), Sierre, Switzerland (V.A., A.D., H.M.); Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (A.A.); Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A.); Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A., A.R.); Center for Biomedical image Computing and Analytics (CBICA), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (R.J.B., R.B., E.A.G.P.); Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Centre (VUMC), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (R.B.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (M.B., M.Guckenberger, S.T.L.); Fondazione Policlinico Universitario 'A. Gemelli' IRCCS, Rome, Italy (L.B., N.D., R.G., J.L., V.V.); Laboratoire d'Imagerie Translationnelle en Oncologie, Université Paris Saclay, Inserm, Institut Curie, Orsay, France (I.B., C.N., F.O.); Cancer Imaging Dept, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (G.J.R.C., V.G., M.M.S.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (A.D.); Laboratory of Medical Information Processing (LaTIM)-team ACTION (image-guided therapeutic action in oncology), INSERM, UMR 1101, IBSAM, UBO, UBL, Brest, France (M.C.D., M.H., T.U.); Department of Radiation Oncology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (C.V.D.); Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.E., S.N.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Physics Division, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (I.E.N., A.U.K.R.); Surgical Planning Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (A.Y.F.); Department of Cancer Imaging and Metabolism, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (R.J.G.); Department of Medical Image Computing, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (M. Götz, F.I., K.H.M.H., J.S.); The D-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands (P.L., R.T.H.L.); Section for Biomedical Physics, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tübingen, Germany (F.L., J.S.F., D.T.); Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (A.L.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, Calif (O.M.); University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (H.M.); Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Department of Medicine (Biomedical Informatics Research), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Departments of Radiology and Physics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (A.R.); Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (A.U.K.R.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (N.M.S., R.J.H.M.S., L.V.v.D.); School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S., P.W.); Department of Medical Physics, Velindre Cancer Centre, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S.); Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck), Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology-OncoRay, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, CHU Milétrie, Poitiers, France (T.U.); Department of Radiology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (J.v.G.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, the Netherlands (F.H.P.v.V.).; Upadhaya T; From OncoRay-National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Fetscherstr 74, PF 41, 01307 Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany: German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z.); Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden and Helmholtz Association/Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T.); German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); Medical Physics Unit, McGill University, Montréal, Canada (M.V., I.E.N.); Image Response Assessment Team Core Facility, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (M.A.A.); Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (H.J.W.L.A.); Institute of Information Systems, University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland (HES-SO), Sierre, Switzerland (V.A., A.D., H.M.); Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (A.A.); Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A.); Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A., A.R.); Center for Biomedical image Computing and Analytics (CBICA), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (R.J.B., R.B., E.A.G.P.); Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Centre (VUMC), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (R.B.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (M.B., M.Guckenberger, S.T.L.); Fondazione Policlinico Universitario 'A. Gemelli' IRCCS, Rome, Italy (L.B., N.D., R.G., J.L., V.V.); Laboratoire d'Imagerie Translationnelle en Oncologie, Université Paris Saclay, Inserm, Institut Curie, Orsay, France (I.B., C.N., F.O.); Cancer Imaging Dept, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (G.J.R.C., V.G., M.M.S.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (A.D.); Laboratory of Medical Information Processing (LaTIM)-team ACTION (image-guided therapeutic action in oncology), INSERM, UMR 1101, IBSAM, UBO, UBL, Brest, France (M.C.D., M.H., T.U.); Department of Radiation Oncology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (C.V.D.); Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.E., S.N.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Physics Division, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (I.E.N., A.U.K.R.); Surgical Planning Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (A.Y.F.); Department of Cancer Imaging and Metabolism, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (R.J.G.); Department of Medical Image Computing, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (M. Götz, F.I., K.H.M.H., J.S.); The D-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands (P.L., R.T.H.L.); Section for Biomedical Physics, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tübingen, Germany (F.L., J.S.F., D.T.); Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (A.L.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, Calif (O.M.); University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (H.M.); Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Department of Medicine (Biomedical Informatics Research), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Departments of Radiology and Physics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (A.R.); Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (A.U.K.R.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (N.M.S., R.J.H.M.S., L.V.v.D.); School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S., P.W.); Department of Medical Physics, Velindre Cancer Centre, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S.); Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck), Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology-OncoRay, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, CHU Milétrie, Poitiers, France (T.U.); Department of Radiology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (J.v.G.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, the Netherlands (F.H.P.v.V.).; Valentini V; From OncoRay-National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Fetscherstr 74, PF 41, 01307 Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany: German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z.); Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden and Helmholtz Association/Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T.); German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); Medical Physics Unit, McGill University, Montréal, Canada (M.V., I.E.N.); Image Response Assessment Team Core Facility, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (M.A.A.); Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (H.J.W.L.A.); Institute of Information Systems, University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland (HES-SO), Sierre, Switzerland (V.A., A.D., H.M.); Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (A.A.); Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A.); Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A., A.R.); Center for Biomedical image Computing and Analytics (CBICA), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (R.J.B., R.B., E.A.G.P.); Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Centre (VUMC), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (R.B.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (M.B., M.Guckenberger, S.T.L.); Fondazione Policlinico Universitario 'A. Gemelli' IRCCS, Rome, Italy (L.B., N.D., R.G., J.L., V.V.); Laboratoire d'Imagerie Translationnelle en Oncologie, Université Paris Saclay, Inserm, Institut Curie, Orsay, France (I.B., C.N., F.O.); Cancer Imaging Dept, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (G.J.R.C., V.G., M.M.S.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (A.D.); Laboratory of Medical Information Processing (LaTIM)-team ACTION (image-guided therapeutic action in oncology), INSERM, UMR 1101, IBSAM, UBO, UBL, Brest, France (M.C.D., M.H., T.U.); Department of Radiation Oncology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (C.V.D.); Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.E., S.N.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Physics Division, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (I.E.N., A.U.K.R.); Surgical Planning Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (A.Y.F.); Department of Cancer Imaging and Metabolism, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (R.J.G.); Department of Medical Image Computing, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (M. Götz, F.I., K.H.M.H., J.S.); The D-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands (P.L., R.T.H.L.); Section for Biomedical Physics, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tübingen, Germany (F.L., J.S.F., D.T.); Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (A.L.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, Calif (O.M.); University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (H.M.); Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Department of Medicine (Biomedical Informatics Research), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Departments of Radiology and Physics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (A.R.); Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (A.U.K.R.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (N.M.S., R.J.H.M.S., L.V.v.D.); School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S., P.W.); Department of Medical Physics, Velindre Cancer Centre, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S.); Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck), Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology-OncoRay, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, CHU Milétrie, Poitiers, France (T.U.); Department of Radiology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (J.v.G.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, the Netherlands (F.H.P.v.V.).; van Dijk LV; From OncoRay-National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Fetscherstr 74, PF 41, 01307 Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany: German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z.); Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden and Helmholtz Association/Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T.); German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); Medical Physics Unit, McGill University, Montréal, Canada (M.V., I.E.N.); Image Response Assessment Team Core Facility, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (M.A.A.); Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (H.J.W.L.A.); Institute of Information Systems, University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland (HES-SO), Sierre, Switzerland (V.A., A.D., H.M.); Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (A.A.); Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A.); Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A., A.R.); Center for Biomedical image Computing and Analytics (CBICA), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (R.J.B., R.B., E.A.G.P.); Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Centre (VUMC), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (R.B.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (M.B., M.Guckenberger, S.T.L.); Fondazione Policlinico Universitario 'A. Gemelli' IRCCS, Rome, Italy (L.B., N.D., R.G., J.L., V.V.); Laboratoire d'Imagerie Translationnelle en Oncologie, Université Paris Saclay, Inserm, Institut Curie, Orsay, France (I.B., C.N., F.O.); Cancer Imaging Dept, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (G.J.R.C., V.G., M.M.S.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (A.D.); Laboratory of Medical Information Processing (LaTIM)-team ACTION (image-guided therapeutic action in oncology), INSERM, UMR 1101, IBSAM, UBO, UBL, Brest, France (M.C.D., M.H., T.U.); Department of Radiation Oncology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (C.V.D.); Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.E., S.N.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Physics Division, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (I.E.N., A.U.K.R.); Surgical Planning Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (A.Y.F.); Department of Cancer Imaging and Metabolism, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (R.J.G.); Department of Medical Image Computing, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (M. Götz, F.I., K.H.M.H., J.S.); The D-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands (P.L., R.T.H.L.); Section for Biomedical Physics, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tübingen, Germany (F.L., J.S.F., D.T.); Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (A.L.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, Calif (O.M.); University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (H.M.); Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Department of Medicine (Biomedical Informatics Research), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Departments of Radiology and Physics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (A.R.); Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (A.U.K.R.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (N.M.S., R.J.H.M.S., L.V.v.D.); School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S., P.W.); Department of Medical Physics, Velindre Cancer Centre, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S.); Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck), Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology-OncoRay, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, CHU Milétrie, Poitiers, France (T.U.); Department of Radiology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (J.v.G.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, the Netherlands (F.H.P.v.V.).; van Griethuysen J; From OncoRay-National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Fetscherstr 74, PF 41, 01307 Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany: German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z.); Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden and Helmholtz Association/Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T.); German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); Medical Physics Unit, McGill University, Montréal, Canada (M.V., I.E.N.); Image Response Assessment Team Core Facility, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (M.A.A.); Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (H.J.W.L.A.); Institute of Information Systems, University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland (HES-SO), Sierre, Switzerland (V.A., A.D., H.M.); Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (A.A.); Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A.); Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A., A.R.); Center for Biomedical image Computing and Analytics (CBICA), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (R.J.B., R.B., E.A.G.P.); Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Centre (VUMC), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (R.B.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (M.B., M.Guckenberger, S.T.L.); Fondazione Policlinico Universitario 'A. Gemelli' IRCCS, Rome, Italy (L.B., N.D., R.G., J.L., V.V.); Laboratoire d'Imagerie Translationnelle en Oncologie, Université Paris Saclay, Inserm, Institut Curie, Orsay, France (I.B., C.N., F.O.); Cancer Imaging Dept, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (G.J.R.C., V.G., M.M.S.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (A.D.); Laboratory of Medical Information Processing (LaTIM)-team ACTION (image-guided therapeutic action in oncology), INSERM, UMR 1101, IBSAM, UBO, UBL, Brest, France (M.C.D., M.H., T.U.); Department of Radiation Oncology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (C.V.D.); Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.E., S.N.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Physics Division, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (I.E.N., A.U.K.R.); Surgical Planning Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (A.Y.F.); Department of Cancer Imaging and Metabolism, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (R.J.G.); Department of Medical Image Computing, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (M. Götz, F.I., K.H.M.H., J.S.); The D-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands (P.L., R.T.H.L.); Section for Biomedical Physics, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tübingen, Germany (F.L., J.S.F., D.T.); Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (A.L.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, Calif (O.M.); University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (H.M.); Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Department of Medicine (Biomedical Informatics Research), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Departments of Radiology and Physics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (A.R.); Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (A.U.K.R.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (N.M.S., R.J.H.M.S., L.V.v.D.); School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S., P.W.); Department of Medical Physics, Velindre Cancer Centre, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S.); Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck), Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology-OncoRay, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, CHU Milétrie, Poitiers, France (T.U.); Department of Radiology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (J.v.G.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, the Netherlands (F.H.P.v.V.).; van Velden FHP; From OncoRay-National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Fetscherstr 74, PF 41, 01307 Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany: German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z.); Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden and Helmholtz Association/Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T.); German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); Medical Physics Unit, McGill University, Montréal, Canada (M.V., I.E.N.); Image Response Assessment Team Core Facility, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (M.A.A.); Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (H.J.W.L.A.); Institute of Information Systems, University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland (HES-SO), Sierre, Switzerland (V.A., A.D., H.M.); Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (A.A.); Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A.); Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A., A.R.); Center for Biomedical image Computing and Analytics (CBICA), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (R.J.B., R.B., E.A.G.P.); Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Centre (VUMC), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (R.B.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (M.B., M.Guckenberger, S.T.L.); Fondazione Policlinico Universitario 'A. Gemelli' IRCCS, Rome, Italy (L.B., N.D., R.G., J.L., V.V.); Laboratoire d'Imagerie Translationnelle en Oncologie, Université Paris Saclay, Inserm, Institut Curie, Orsay, France (I.B., C.N., F.O.); Cancer Imaging Dept, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (G.J.R.C., V.G., M.M.S.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (A.D.); Laboratory of Medical Information Processing (LaTIM)-team ACTION (image-guided therapeutic action in oncology), INSERM, UMR 1101, IBSAM, UBO, UBL, Brest, France (M.C.D., M.H., T.U.); Department of Radiation Oncology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (C.V.D.); Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.E., S.N.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Physics Division, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (I.E.N., A.U.K.R.); Surgical Planning Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (A.Y.F.); Department of Cancer Imaging and Metabolism, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (R.J.G.); Department of Medical Image Computing, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (M. Götz, F.I., K.H.M.H., J.S.); The D-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands (P.L., R.T.H.L.); Section for Biomedical Physics, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tübingen, Germany (F.L., J.S.F., D.T.); Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (A.L.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, Calif (O.M.); University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (H.M.); Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Department of Medicine (Biomedical Informatics Research), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Departments of Radiology and Physics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (A.R.); Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (A.U.K.R.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (N.M.S., R.J.H.M.S., L.V.v.D.); School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S., P.W.); Department of Medical Physics, Velindre Cancer Centre, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S.); Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck), Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology-OncoRay, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, CHU Milétrie, Poitiers, France (T.U.); Department of Radiology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (J.v.G.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, the Netherlands (F.H.P.v.V.).; Whybra P; From OncoRay-National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Fetscherstr 74, PF 41, 01307 Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany: German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z.); Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden and Helmholtz Association/Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T.); German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); Medical Physics Unit, McGill University, Montréal, Canada (M.V., I.E.N.); Image Response Assessment Team Core Facility, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (M.A.A.); Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (H.J.W.L.A.); Institute of Information Systems, University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland (HES-SO), Sierre, Switzerland (V.A., A.D., H.M.); Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (A.A.); Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A.); Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A., A.R.); Center for Biomedical image Computing and Analytics (CBICA), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (R.J.B., R.B., E.A.G.P.); Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Centre (VUMC), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (R.B.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (M.B., M.Guckenberger, S.T.L.); Fondazione Policlinico Universitario 'A. Gemelli' IRCCS, Rome, Italy (L.B., N.D., R.G., J.L., V.V.); Laboratoire d'Imagerie Translationnelle en Oncologie, Université Paris Saclay, Inserm, Institut Curie, Orsay, France (I.B., C.N., F.O.); Cancer Imaging Dept, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (G.J.R.C., V.G., M.M.S.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (A.D.); Laboratory of Medical Information Processing (LaTIM)-team ACTION (image-guided therapeutic action in oncology), INSERM, UMR 1101, IBSAM, UBO, UBL, Brest, France (M.C.D., M.H., T.U.); Department of Radiation Oncology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (C.V.D.); Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.E., S.N.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Physics Division, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (I.E.N., A.U.K.R.); Surgical Planning Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (A.Y.F.); Department of Cancer Imaging and Metabolism, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (R.J.G.); Department of Medical Image Computing, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (M. Götz, F.I., K.H.M.H., J.S.); The D-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands (P.L., R.T.H.L.); Section for Biomedical Physics, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tübingen, Germany (F.L., J.S.F., D.T.); Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (A.L.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, Calif (O.M.); University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (H.M.); Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Department of Medicine (Biomedical Informatics Research), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Departments of Radiology and Physics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (A.R.); Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (A.U.K.R.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (N.M.S., R.J.H.M.S., L.V.v.D.); School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S., P.W.); Department of Medical Physics, Velindre Cancer Centre, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S.); Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck), Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology-OncoRay, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, CHU Milétrie, Poitiers, France (T.U.); Department of Radiology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (J.v.G.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, the Netherlands (F.H.P.v.V.).; Richter C; From OncoRay-National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Fetscherstr 74, PF 41, 01307 Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany: German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z.); Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden and Helmholtz Association/Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T.); German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); Medical Physics Unit, McGill University, Montréal, Canada (M.V., I.E.N.); Image Response Assessment Team Core Facility, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (M.A.A.); Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (H.J.W.L.A.); Institute of Information Systems, University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland (HES-SO), Sierre, Switzerland (V.A., A.D., H.M.); Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (A.A.); Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A.); Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A., A.R.); Center for Biomedical image Computing and Analytics (CBICA), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (R.J.B., R.B., E.A.G.P.); Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Centre (VUMC), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (R.B.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (M.B., M.Guckenberger, S.T.L.); Fondazione Policlinico Universitario 'A. Gemelli' IRCCS, Rome, Italy (L.B., N.D., R.G., J.L., V.V.); Laboratoire d'Imagerie Translationnelle en Oncologie, Université Paris Saclay, Inserm, Institut Curie, Orsay, France (I.B., C.N., F.O.); Cancer Imaging Dept, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (G.J.R.C., V.G., M.M.S.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (A.D.); Laboratory of Medical Information Processing (LaTIM)-team ACTION (image-guided therapeutic action in oncology), INSERM, UMR 1101, IBSAM, UBO, UBL, Brest, France (M.C.D., M.H., T.U.); Department of Radiation Oncology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (C.V.D.); Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.E., S.N.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Physics Division, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (I.E.N., A.U.K.R.); Surgical Planning Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (A.Y.F.); Department of Cancer Imaging and Metabolism, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (R.J.G.); Department of Medical Image Computing, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (M. Götz, F.I., K.H.M.H., J.S.); The D-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands (P.L., R.T.H.L.); Section for Biomedical Physics, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tübingen, Germany (F.L., J.S.F., D.T.); Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (A.L.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, Calif (O.M.); University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (H.M.); Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Department of Medicine (Biomedical Informatics Research), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Departments of Radiology and Physics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (A.R.); Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (A.U.K.R.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (N.M.S., R.J.H.M.S., L.V.v.D.); School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S., P.W.); Department of Medical Physics, Velindre Cancer Centre, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S.); Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck), Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology-OncoRay, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, CHU Milétrie, Poitiers, France (T.U.); Department of Radiology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (J.v.G.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, the Netherlands (F.H.P.v.V.).; Löck S; From OncoRay-National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Fetscherstr 74, PF 41, 01307 Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany: German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z.); Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden and Helmholtz Association/Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T.); German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (A.Z., S. Leger, E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck); Medical Physics Unit, McGill University, Montréal, Canada (M.V., I.E.N.); Image Response Assessment Team Core Facility, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (M.A.A.); Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (H.J.W.L.A.); Institute of Information Systems, University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland (HES-SO), Sierre, Switzerland (V.A., A.D., H.M.); Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (A.A.); Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A.); Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (S.A., A.R.); Center for Biomedical image Computing and Analytics (CBICA), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B., C.D., S.M.H., S.P.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.B.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (R.J.B., R.B., E.A.G.P.); Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Centre (VUMC), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (R.B.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (M.B., M.Guckenberger, S.T.L.); Fondazione Policlinico Universitario 'A. Gemelli' IRCCS, Rome, Italy (L.B., N.D., R.G., J.L., V.V.); Laboratoire d'Imagerie Translationnelle en Oncologie, Université Paris Saclay, Inserm, Institut Curie, Orsay, France (I.B., C.N., F.O.); Cancer Imaging Dept, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (G.J.R.C., V.G., M.M.S.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (A.D.); Laboratory of Medical Information Processing (LaTIM)-team ACTION (image-guided therapeutic action in oncology), INSERM, UMR 1101, IBSAM, UBO, UBL, Brest, France (M.C.D., M.H., T.U.); Department of Radiation Oncology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (C.V.D.); Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.E., S.N.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Physics Division, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (I.E.N., A.U.K.R.); Surgical Planning Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (A.Y.F.); Department of Cancer Imaging and Metabolism, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla (R.J.G.); Department of Medical Image Computing, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (M. Götz, F.I., K.H.M.H., J.S.); The D-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands (P.L., R.T.H.L.); Section for Biomedical Physics, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tübingen, Germany (F.L., J.S.F., D.T.); Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (A.L.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, Calif (O.M.); University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (H.M.); Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Department of Medicine (Biomedical Informatics Research), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (S.N.); Departments of Radiology and Physics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (A.R.); Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (A.U.K.R.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands (N.M.S., R.J.H.M.S., L.V.v.D.); School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S., P.W.); Department of Medical Physics, Velindre Cancer Centre, Cardiff, United Kingdom (E.S.); Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R., S. Löck), Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology-OncoRay, Dresden, Germany (E.G.C.T., C.R.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, CHU Milétrie, Poitiers, France (T.U.); Department of Radiology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (J.v.G.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (J.v.G.); and Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, the Netherlands (F.H.P.v.V.).

Publisher: Radiological Society of North America Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 0401260 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1527-1315 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00338419 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Radiology Subsets: MEDLINE