학술논문
Estudio tafonómico forense de cuevas sepulcrales del noreste de la península ibérica: Prácticas funerarias y violencia interpersonal entre el Neolítico y la Edad del Bronce (Cova Foradada y Roc de les Orenetes)
Document Type
Dissertation/Thesis
Author
Source
TDX (Tesis Doctorals en Xarxa)
Subject
Language
Spanish; Castilian
Abstract
Los restos humanos de dos enterramientos colectivos en cueva del noreste de la península ibérica han sido estudiados desde una perspectiva tafonómica forense: Cova Foradada (Calafell, Tarragona) y Roc de les Orenetes (Queralbs, Girona). Los objetivos de este estudio eran tres: el estudio de las prácticas funerarias, con especial interés en la reutilización del espacio y la alteración tafonómica postdeposicional de los conjuntos; el análisis de las evidencias de violencia interpersonal; y el estudio paleopatológico de los restos. En Cova Foradada se documentó la reutilización funeraria del espacio en dos fases diferenciadas, por un lado, un enterramiento colectivo sin quemar durante el Neolítico – Calcolítico y, por otro, unas cremaciones posteriores. Además, se documentó el vaciado antrópico intencional de la cueva. Roc de les Orenetes representa un enterramiento colectivo con al menos 51 individuos correspondientes a dos fases, el Calcolítico Final – Bronce Antiguo, y un momento más avanzado de la Edad del Bronce. En ambos yacimientos se encontraron evidencias de violencia interpersonal perimortem. En el caso de Cova Foradada un traumatismo craneal cuyo estudio macroscópico y experimental permitió asociar al golpe de una azuela de piedra. En Roc de les Orenetes se encontraron múltiples traumatismos cortantes en el esqueleto postcraneal en un mínimo de 6 individuos, relacionados con el uso de objetos cortantes metálicos y proyectiles líticos.
he human remains from two collective burials in cave in the northeast of the Iberian Peninsula have been studied from a forensic taphonomic perspective: Cova Foradada (Calafell, Tarragona) and Roc de les Orenetes (Queralbs, Girona). The objectives of this study were three: the study of funerary practices, with a special focus on the reuse of space and post-depositional taphonomic alterations of the assemblages; the analysis of evidence of interpersonal violence; and the paleopathological study of the remains. In Cova Foradada, the funerary reuse of the space was documented in two differentiated phases, on one hand, a collective burial without cremation during the Neolithic - Chalcolithic period, and on the other hand, subsequent cremations. Additionally, intentional anthropogenic emptying of the cave was documented. Roc de les Orenetes represents a collective burial with at least individuals corresponding to two phases, the Late Chalcolithic - Early Bronze Age, and a later phase of the Bronze Age. In both sites, evidence of perimortem interpersonal violence was found. In the case of Cova Foradada, a cranial trauma was documented, the study of which, through macroscopic and experimental analysis, allowed it to be associated with a blow from a stone axe. In Roc de les Orenetes, multiple cutting traumas were found on the postcranial skeleton in a minimum of 6 individuals, related to the use of metallic cutting objects and lithic projectiles. This assemblage represents the scenario of recurrent interpersonal violence at higher altitudes in the Pyrenees.
he human remains from two collective burials in cave in the northeast of the Iberian Peninsula have been studied from a forensic taphonomic perspective: Cova Foradada (Calafell, Tarragona) and Roc de les Orenetes (Queralbs, Girona). The objectives of this study were three: the study of funerary practices, with a special focus on the reuse of space and post-depositional taphonomic alterations of the assemblages; the analysis of evidence of interpersonal violence; and the paleopathological study of the remains. In Cova Foradada, the funerary reuse of the space was documented in two differentiated phases, on one hand, a collective burial without cremation during the Neolithic - Chalcolithic period, and on the other hand, subsequent cremations. Additionally, intentional anthropogenic emptying of the cave was documented. Roc de les Orenetes represents a collective burial with at least individuals corresponding to two phases, the Late Chalcolithic - Early Bronze Age, and a later phase of the Bronze Age. In both sites, evidence of perimortem interpersonal violence was found. In the case of Cova Foradada, a cranial trauma was documented, the study of which, through macroscopic and experimental analysis, allowed it to be associated with a blow from a stone axe. In Roc de les Orenetes, multiple cutting traumas were found on the postcranial skeleton in a minimum of 6 individuals, related to the use of metallic cutting objects and lithic projectiles. This assemblage represents the scenario of recurrent interpersonal violence at higher altitudes in the Pyrenees.