부산대학교 도서관

About 4,000 years ago, the elite of the southernmost province of Egypt chose the burial place of the necropolis of Qubbet el-Hawa, on the eastern bank of the Nile, facing the modern city of Aswan. Compared with the large contemporary private tombs, in Qubbet el-Hawa the rock-cut tombs stand out for their good state of conservation and for their typology, completely different from the rest of the country. To date, however, most studies have focused mainly on the inscriptions translation, on the walls' decoration and representations description but, from the architectural point of view, they consist only of descriptions of the rock tombs. After a brief approximation to the funerary architecture of the Middle Kingdom (one of the most splendid periods of Egyptian culture and art) we have reviewed the state of knowledge of the most important private necropolis in the country. In Qubbet el-Hawa, we have made a typological (and evolutionary) study of the most important funerary complexes of the period (12th Dynasty), distinguishing between its main spaces: the outer court, the funerary chapels (clearly distinguishing between the representation area and the zone of funerary cult) and the burial chambers. We recognise the phases of construction of the outer from the evidence observed in the unfinished state of the same and their comparison with that of some that if they were completely finished. The hypostyle halls stand out due to the accuracy of their forms and the finishing touch perfection, which has led us to study the constructive methods and the systems of redesign and checking during the works execution. In addition, we have studied the most unknown part of the funerary complexes, the substructure, starting from the results of the excavation work carried out by the University of Jaén, in particular, the subterranean system of the funerary complex QH31 which, until now, had never been excavated. Lastly, we have analysed the chapel of the funeral complex QH31, known for the mural painting that decorates its sanctuary, where the funeral architecture of the necropolis reaches its high splendour. It stands out for its monumental scale and because it has many elements of the ideal model of a classic Egyptian temple. In this work, we have analysed its design (geometry and proportions) focusing on its two main spaces: the hypostyle hall and the sanctuary. In addition, we have recognised the work method of the artists to decorate the chapel from the unfinished state of their paintings in which you can see the auxiliary grid used as an aid to representing the characters according to the "Egyptian canon." Finally, we have touched on some biographical aspects of his builder, Sarenput II, from the texts which are part of the chapel's decoration, such as his name, his family, his titles and the role he played within Egyptian society.