학술논문
Biomarcadors d'exposició dietètica en estudis nutricionals d'intervenció i observacionals. Aplicació d’una aproximació metabolòmica HPLC-q-ToF-MS per a la millora de la capacitat predictiva a través de models combinats multi-metabòlit
Document Type
Dissertation/Thesis
Author
Source
TDX (Tesis Doctorals en Xarxa)
Subject
Language
Multiple languages
Abstract
Health is highly influenced by food intake. Nutrimetabolomics has been proposed as a tool for assessing the changes in metabolome associated with food consumption and/or the effects of a dietary intervention. The main aim of this PhD thesis is to contribute to the identification of biomarkers related to food ingestion (biomarkers of intake), as well as their potential association with health (biomarkers of effect) in a high risk of cardiovascular disease population from the Mediterranean region through the application of an untargeted HPLC-q-ToF-MS metabolomic approach in nutritional studies with different designs. In order to attain this aim, we characterized the metabolic fingerprint of consumption of bread, nuts and walnuts, and cocoa. The metabolomic fingerprint associated with habitual intake of bread was defined by compounds from bread composition (benzoxazinoids and alkylresorcinols, among others) and processing (pyrraline), as well as markers from endogenous metabolome (2,8-dihydroxyquinoline glucuronide and N-α-acetylcitrulline). Discriminating metabolites for nut and walnut consumption corresponded to a biomarker panel, including fatty acid conjugated metabolites, microbial-derived phenolic metabolites, and metabolites from tryptophan and serotonin pathway. Finally, dietary cocoa fingerprinting was characterized by a complex metabolic pattern linked to cocoa phytochemicals (alkaloids and polyphenols) and processing-derived compounds, as well as endogenous metabolites. Throughout this work, it was also proved that generating exposure biomarkers models composed by more than one metabolite we obtain better results than using the measurements obtained from each marker individually. The results from this PhD thesis have shown that the diet-related differences in urinary metabolome were associated with food digestion, microbiota metabolism and endogenous metabolism; and the predictive capacity of dietary exposition was improved using multimetabolite combined models compared with the same compounds individually.