부산대학교 도서관

[EN] The aim of this thesis is to answer the following research question: what is the use to which it has given emergency regimes in countries in process of democratic consolidation? The thesis is based on a concern about the apparent lack of attention to the derogation regimes by political science, taking into account their possible implications for weak democracies as its historical significance as a repressive measure in Latin America specifically. Given the political focus of the study, is taken as the unit of analysis the emergency decree, ie that one presidential decree, referring to a special regime established in the constitution or the law, building a unique situation and establishes exceptional measures in response. We study the cases of Bolivia, Ecuador and Peru - given their similarities social, economic and institutional in 2000-2010. Due to the exploratory nature of the study, two methodological tools are uset to offer a way of approaching inductive object of study: first, a content analysis to explore the contents of the decrees and second, hierarchical cluster analysis to establish decrees profiles or decrees groups more alike. Through content analysis is that the situations mentioned most often are adverse natural phenomena and disruption of public service activities or economic sectors, while the disorder or refer insecurity in relatively few cases. Then, we find that the measures mentioned most often are exemption ordinary contract procedures and technical intervention in the context of risk management, with little reference to the suspension of human rights. Next, through cluster analysis identified six profiles of emergency regulations that are named according to their main characteristics: natural management, repressive classic Express management, social management, management status, and classic disaster. Although the most numerous type in total natural management, variance is country, which would have to do largely with establishing trends and usage over time. In the same way, there is some variance president country but the level is more significant. Through this thesis seeks to incorporate the states of emergency as a study of political science. With emergency regulations, presidents have used measures that directly impact democratic governance, not only through the suspension of human rights and the use of military force, but also through administrative shortcuts that can reduce opportunities for democratic accountability