학술논문
Effectiveness of a Third Dose of Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna Vaccines in Preventing COVID-19 Hospitalization Among Immunocompetent and Immunocompromised Adults — United States, August–December 2021
Document Type
article
Author
Tenforde, Mark W; Patel, Manish M; Gaglani, Manjusha; Ginde, Adit A; Douin, David J; Talbot, H Keipp; Casey, Jonathan D; Mohr, Nicholas M; Zepeski, Anne; McNeal, Tresa; Ghamande, Shekhar; Gibbs, Kevin W; Files, D Clark; Hager, David N; Shehu, Arber; Prekker, Matthew E; Erickson, Heidi L; Gong, Michelle N; Mohamed, Amira; Johnson, Nicholas J; Srinivasan, Vasisht; Steingrub, Jay S; Peltan, Ithan D; Brown, Samuel M; Martin, Emily T; Monto, Arnold S; Khan, Akram; Hough, Catherine L; Busse, Laurence W; Duggal, Abhijit; Wilson, Jennifer G; Qadir, Nida; Chang, Steven Y; Mallow, Christopher; Rivas, Carolina; Babcock, Hilary M; Kwon, Jennie H; Exline, Matthew C; Botros, Mena; Lauring, Adam S; Shapiro, Nathan I; Halasa, Natasha; Chappell, James D; Grijalva, Carlos G; Rice, Todd W; Jones, Ian D; Stubblefield, William B; Baughman, Adrienne; Womack, Kelsey N; Rhoads, Jillian P; Lindsell, Christopher J; Hart, Kimberly W; Zhu, Yuwei; Naioti, Eric A; Adams, Katherine; Lewis, Nathaniel M; Surie, Diya; McMorrow, Meredith L; Self, Wesley H; Calhoun, Nicole; Murthy, Kempapura; Herrick, Judy; McKillop, Amanda; Hoffman, Eric; Zayed, Martha; Smith, Michael; Kindle, Ryan; Kozikowski, Lori-Ann; De Souza, Lesley; Ouellette, Scott; Thornton-Thompson, Sherell; Mehkri, Omar; Ashok, Kiran; Gole, Susan; King, Alexander; Poynter, Bryan; ten Lohuis, Caitlin; Stanley, Nicholas; Hendrickson, Audrey; Caspers, Sean; Tordsen, Walker; Kaus, Olivia; Scharber, Tyler; Jorgensen, Jeffrey; Bowers, Robert; King, Jennifer; Aston, Valerie; Rothman, Richard E; Ali, Harith; Nair, Rahul; Karow, Sarah; Robart, Emily; Maldonado, Paulo Nunes; Khan, Maryiam; So, Preston; Krol, Olivia; Martinez, Jesus; Zouyed, Zachary; Acosta, Michael; Bazyarboroujeni, Reihaneh
Source
MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. 71(4)
Subject
Language
Abstract
COVID-19 mRNA vaccines (BNT162b2 [Pfizer-BioNTech] and mRNA-1273 [Moderna]) provide protection against infection with SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, and are highly effective against COVID-19-associated hospitalization among eligible persons who receive 2 doses (1,2). However, vaccine effectiveness (VE) among persons with immunocompromising conditions* is lower than that among immunocompetent persons (2), and VE declines after several months among all persons (3). On August 12, 2021, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issued an emergency use authorization (EUA) for a third mRNA vaccine dose as part of a primary series ≥28 days after dose 2 for persons aged ≥12 years with immunocompromising conditions, and, on November 19, 2021, as a booster dose for all adults aged ≥18 years at least 6 months after dose 2, changed to ≥5 months after dose 2 on January 3, 2022 (4,5,6). Among 2,952 adults (including 1,385 COVID-19 case-patients and 1,567 COVID-19-negative controls) hospitalized at 21 U.S. hospitals during August 19-December 15, 2021, effectiveness of mRNA vaccines against COVID-19-associated hospitalization was compared between adults eligible for but who had not received a third vaccine dose (1,251) and vaccine-eligible adults who received a third dose ≥7 days before illness onset (312). Among 1,875 adults without immunocompromising conditions (including 1,065 [57%] unvaccinated, 679 [36%] 2-dose recipients, and 131 [7%] 3-dose [booster] recipients), VE against COVID-19 hospitalization was higher among those who received a booster dose (97%; 95% CI = 95%-99%) compared with that among 2-dose recipients (82%; 95% CI = 77%-86%) (p