부산대학교 도서관

In addition to arrhythmia, heart failure (HF) is one of the major late complications in adult congenital heart disease (ACHD). Residual lesions and sequelae of previous interventions might cause circulatory failure, with or without progressive ventricular dysfunction, leading to reduced functional capacity, signs and symptoms of HF, and finally premature death. Structural optimization is the first step to counter this disease progression, but in many cases, medical treatment is needed to stabilize against further deterioration. In contrast to HF in acquired heart disease, evidence of clinical benefit of drug therapy in ACHD is limited to lacking. As a last resort, resynchronization, ventricular assist device, and transplantation are options to consider. However, venous access, anatomical complexity, and associated comorbidity strongly influence the decision-making process.