부산대학교 도서관

This chapter examines the bone conditions of osteonecrosis, osteochondrosis, and osteochondritis dissecans. Osteonecrosis is ischaemia of bone caused by a range of conditions, including trauma, which cause intravascular or extravascular obstruction of blood flow to bone. Many cases are associated with pro-thrombotic conditions. Osteonecrosis can be asymptomatic, but if progressive often leads to secondary (adjacent) joint destruction. Diagnosis is made by magnetic resonance imaging. Aside from treatment of any underlying cause, treatment options include analgesics, vasodilators, and surgery. The osteochondritides are trauma-induced focal disturbances of cartilage, either in joints (articular) or at a periarticular epiphyseal plate or at a tendon or ligament insertion (apophysis/enthesis). Lesions typically occur in active children and adolescents and respond to biomechanical modifications and pain relief.