학술논문
高麗俗謠의 民謠的 特性 硏究 : ‘詩經六義’와 대비하여 / A Study on the Folk Characteristic of Koryeo-sokyo
Document Type
Dissertation/ Thesis
Source
Subject
Language
Korean
Abstract
이 논문에서 논의하려는 것은 고려속요를 ‘시경육의’과 대비하여 민요적 특성을 연구하였다. 고려속요와 『시경』은 각자에 관한 선행연구가 다방면으로 수없이 많지만 이들을 연관시켜 비교 논의한 연구는 극히 적다. 이에 필자는 이런 비교를 시도해 보고자 하였다. 고려속요의 기원은 고려후기 무신란, 외세의 침략, 원의 지배 등 원인으로 민중들의 삶이 도탄에 빠뜨려 민중들이 자신들의 상황을 문학으로 표현하였다. 그리고 고려후기로 들어 향찰은 소멸의 길을 걷게 되어 국문으로 표기되었다. 따라서 향찰 시가의 시대가 끝나가고 새로운 형태의 노래가 요구되어 이것이 속요의 형성이다. 『시경』은 서주초기부터 춘추중엽에 걸쳐 305편에 달하는 중국 최초의 시가 총집이다. 당시 중국은 시를 정치자료로 삼았기에 민정을 알기 위해 시를 채집하는 채집관을 두어 여러 나라를 돌아다니면서 모은 시가 『시경』이다. 하지만 진시황때 분서갱유로 시경 원본은 없어지고 이본으로 노시, 제시, 한시, 모시가 있는데 위진시대이후 하나씩 사라지고 모시만 남아 오늘날의 『시경』으로 볼 수 있다. 그리고 한 대이후 『시경』은 풍·아·송·부·비·흥 육의로 나뉘었다. 서한의 毛公이 처음으로 흥 작법을 표기하였고 주희가 보완 수정하여 305편의 『시경』을 매장마다 부·비·흥 작법을 표기하였다. 학자마다 개별 시편에 대한 부·비·흥의 견해가 다소 다르지만 기본적으로 주희의 표기방식을 따랐다. 간단히 말하면 부는 직접적인 서술이고 비는 비유이며 흥은 한 사물을 언급하여 하고자 하는 말을 이끌어내는 것이다. 고려속요의 민요적 특징을 형식, 내용, 수사적 측면에서 다루었다. 형식면에서 고려속요의 민요적 특징은 연장체이고, 후렴구가 동반되며, 반복어구와 관용구의 쓰임이다. 『시경』의 민요적 특징은 연장체이고, 중장첩구의 쓰임이다. 따라서 고려속요의 민요적 특징과 『시경』의 민요적 특징은 같은 점이 있다. 모두 연장체이고 『시경』의 중장첩구는 고려속요의 반복어구과 관용구랑 같다. 전편이 반복되든 부분만 반복되든 고려속요와 『시경』은 형식상에서 공통되는 면이 있다. 내용면에서 대표적인 작품들을 골라 비교하였다. 남녀상열지사, 사랑과 이별, 사친 등 면에서 모두 비슷한 내용의 작품들이 나타났다. 수사면에서 『시경』은 비와 흥을 많이 사용되었고 부는 비교적 적은 부분을 차지하고 있다. 그러나 고려속요는 비와 흥에 비해 부가 비교적 많이 쓰이고 있다. 고려속요는 서술로 자신의 감정을 토로하는 방식을 많이 사용하고 있다. 고려속요를 ‘시경육의’와 대비하여 그 민요적 특성을 논의하였는데 지극히 제한된 범위의 작품들을 비교 고찰하여 얻은 결과이다. 따라서 앞으로 『시경』의 전체 작품과 고려속요를 포함한 향가, 고대가요까지 전체 작품을 비교 연구하여 깊이 있게 분석할 필요가 있다고 생각한다.
The purpose of this research is to study the folk characteristic of Koryeo-sokyo(高麗俗謠) compared with the ‘Shijingliuyi’(詩經六義). Although there are numerous prior studies on Koryeo-sokyo and 『Shijing(詩經)』, there are very few studies that have discussed comparative studies. So I tried to try this comparison. The origins of Koryeo-sokyo were the people 's life in the tongue because of the Musinran(武臣亂), the invasion of foreign powers, the domination of the Yuan in the late Koryeo. so the people expressed their situation in literature. and it was written in Korean beacause of the Hyangchal(鄕札) walked the road of annihilation. so the times of the Hyangchal is over and a new type of song is demanded, which is the formation of the Koryeo-sokyo. 『Shijing』 is the oldest Chinese anthology of compiled poetries, which had been sung during the Zhou(周) Dynasty over a period of 500 years, from the early Western Zhou to the mid Chunqiu(春秋) Age. At that time, China used poetry as a political data, so the emperor want to know people's life they establishment of collection officers to collected poetry, and collected poetry through the various countries. The collected poetry is 『Shijing』. However, in the QinShiHuang period, the original document was lost just has Lu(魯) poesy, Ji(濟) poesy, Han(韓) poesy and Mao(毛) poesy. But It has disappeared one by one except Mao poesy since the Wei Jin(魏晉) dynasties , so Mao poesy can be seen as a 『Shijing』 of today. And after Han(漢) dynasty, the 『Shijing』 was divided into the Feng, the Ya, the Song, the Fu, the Bi, the Xing. Although each scholar has slightly different viewpoints on some psalms, basically followed Zhu Xi's notation. In short, the Fu is a direct narrative, the Bi is a metaphor, and the Xing is mention one thing to draws out the words that you want to be expressed. We discussed the folk characteristic of koryeo sokyo in terms of form, contents, and rhetoric. In terms of form, the folk characteristic of Koryeo-sokyo is has refrain, two or more chapters, and the use of repeated phrases and idioms. the folk characteristic of 『Shijing』 is has two or more chapters, and some chapters or sentences repeated. Therefore, the folk characteristic of Koryeo-sokyo and the folk folk characteristic of 『Shijing』 are same. In terms of content, compared some works on love, family etc. Koryeo-sokyo and 『Shijing』 have many similar works. In terms of rhetoric, the Bi and the Xing have been used widely and the Fu has been relatively little. However, the Fu is relatively more frequently used than the the Bi and the Xing in Koryeo-sokyo. We discussed the characteristics of the Koryeo-sokyo compared with the 『Shijing』. This result of a comparative study that is in a very limited range of works. Therefore, I think that it is necessary to compare the whole works of the 『Shijing』 with Koryeo-sokyo including Hyang-ga and ancient songs analysis in depth.
The purpose of this research is to study the folk characteristic of Koryeo-sokyo(高麗俗謠) compared with the ‘Shijingliuyi’(詩經六義). Although there are numerous prior studies on Koryeo-sokyo and 『Shijing(詩經)』, there are very few studies that have discussed comparative studies. So I tried to try this comparison. The origins of Koryeo-sokyo were the people 's life in the tongue because of the Musinran(武臣亂), the invasion of foreign powers, the domination of the Yuan in the late Koryeo. so the people expressed their situation in literature. and it was written in Korean beacause of the Hyangchal(鄕札) walked the road of annihilation. so the times of the Hyangchal is over and a new type of song is demanded, which is the formation of the Koryeo-sokyo. 『Shijing』 is the oldest Chinese anthology of compiled poetries, which had been sung during the Zhou(周) Dynasty over a period of 500 years, from the early Western Zhou to the mid Chunqiu(春秋) Age. At that time, China used poetry as a political data, so the emperor want to know people's life they establishment of collection officers to collected poetry, and collected poetry through the various countries. The collected poetry is 『Shijing』. However, in the QinShiHuang period, the original document was lost just has Lu(魯) poesy, Ji(濟) poesy, Han(韓) poesy and Mao(毛) poesy. But It has disappeared one by one except Mao poesy since the Wei Jin(魏晉) dynasties , so Mao poesy can be seen as a 『Shijing』 of today. And after Han(漢) dynasty, the 『Shijing』 was divided into the Feng, the Ya, the Song, the Fu, the Bi, the Xing. Although each scholar has slightly different viewpoints on some psalms, basically followed Zhu Xi's notation. In short, the Fu is a direct narrative, the Bi is a metaphor, and the Xing is mention one thing to draws out the words that you want to be expressed. We discussed the folk characteristic of koryeo sokyo in terms of form, contents, and rhetoric. In terms of form, the folk characteristic of Koryeo-sokyo is has refrain, two or more chapters, and the use of repeated phrases and idioms. the folk characteristic of 『Shijing』 is has two or more chapters, and some chapters or sentences repeated. Therefore, the folk characteristic of Koryeo-sokyo and the folk folk characteristic of 『Shijing』 are same. In terms of content, compared some works on love, family etc. Koryeo-sokyo and 『Shijing』 have many similar works. In terms of rhetoric, the Bi and the Xing have been used widely and the Fu has been relatively little. However, the Fu is relatively more frequently used than the the Bi and the Xing in Koryeo-sokyo. We discussed the characteristics of the Koryeo-sokyo compared with the 『Shijing』. This result of a comparative study that is in a very limited range of works. Therefore, I think that it is necessary to compare the whole works of the 『Shijing』 with Koryeo-sokyo including Hyang-ga and ancient songs analysis in depth.