학술논문
한국과 중국의 은행산업 발전과정 및 효율성 비교분석 / A Study on the development process and efficiency comparative analysis of korea and china's bank industry
Document Type
Dissertation/ Thesis
Author
장걸 / Zhang, Jie
Source
Subject
Language
Korean
Abstract
본 논문은 중국의 은행개혁과 한국의 은행 구조조정 성과를 비교 분석하기 위해 2005년, 2009년 중한 양국 은행 자료를 대상으로 실시한 효율성 분석결과 추이를 제시하여 중한은행의 경영성과 및 구조적 상대우위를 비교해보았다. 세부적으로는 중국의 5대 국유상업은행과 10개의 주식제 상업은행 및 한국의 8개 시중은행과 6개 지방은행을 대상으로, 네 개 집단별 은행 효율성 비교를 실시하였고, 연도별 은행 효율성 순위, 은행 효율성 변화추세, 은행별 규모의 경제성을 차례로 살펴보았다. 두 기간을 대상으로 양국 은행의 효율성을 측정해 본 결과, 한국의 시중은행이 가장 효율성이 높으며, 다음에 한국의 지방은행, 중국의 주식제 상업은행 중국의 국유상업은행의 순으로 나타났다. 분석 결과를 고려해 볼 때 양국의 상업은행들의 효율성은 시간이 경과함에 따라 효율성은 점차 제고되고 있으나 중국의 국유 상업은행들의 경우 매우 심각한 규모의 비효율성이 존재하고 있다는 것을 발견할 수 있었다. 그리고 한국의 은행들은 중국의 은행집단과 비교해서 효율성이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 이는 한국은행의 경우 금융구조변혁기에 구조조정이나 합병이 은행의 효율성에 긍정적인 요인으로 작용하였다고 판단된다. 하지만 중국은 주식제 상업은행들이 국유상업은행보다 효율성이 높게 나타난 것은 중국 정부의 정책에 단순 부응하기보다 경제적 판단에 따라 독자적인 인사관리나 지점의 설치 및 폐지에 대한 유연성을 갖고 경영에 임한데 기인한다고 본다.
This study aims at comparing and analyzing the performance of bank reform in China and bank restructuring in Korea by suggesting the trend of practical efficiency through DEA method using bank data in both countries in 2005 and 2009 respectively. Targeted to 5 major state owned commercial banks in China, 10 stock based commercial banks in China, 8 commercial banks in Korea and 6 local banks in Korea, it investigated efficiency in each 4 groups, and examined the ranking of efficiency per year, changing trend of bank efficiency and economy of scale per banks. As a result of efficiency measurement of banks in both countries in two separate periods, the commercial banks in Korea had the highest efficiency which was followed by the local banks in Korea, stock based commercial banks in China and the state owned banks in China. With such results in mind, the commercial banks in Korea and in China have improved their efficiency gradually, while the state owned banks in China showed considerable inefficiency in scale. And, Korean banks had overall high efficiency than banks in China. It is thought that restructuring and merger during the financial structure reforming period in Korea caused a positive factor for efficiency. The fact that high efficiency in the stock based commercial banks compared with the state owned banks seems to be caused by independent human resource control and autonomous installation and cancellation of branches by an economic decision with flexibility rather than their simple support for the state policy.
This study aims at comparing and analyzing the performance of bank reform in China and bank restructuring in Korea by suggesting the trend of practical efficiency through DEA method using bank data in both countries in 2005 and 2009 respectively. Targeted to 5 major state owned commercial banks in China, 10 stock based commercial banks in China, 8 commercial banks in Korea and 6 local banks in Korea, it investigated efficiency in each 4 groups, and examined the ranking of efficiency per year, changing trend of bank efficiency and economy of scale per banks. As a result of efficiency measurement of banks in both countries in two separate periods, the commercial banks in Korea had the highest efficiency which was followed by the local banks in Korea, stock based commercial banks in China and the state owned banks in China. With such results in mind, the commercial banks in Korea and in China have improved their efficiency gradually, while the state owned banks in China showed considerable inefficiency in scale. And, Korean banks had overall high efficiency than banks in China. It is thought that restructuring and merger during the financial structure reforming period in Korea caused a positive factor for efficiency. The fact that high efficiency in the stock based commercial banks compared with the state owned banks seems to be caused by independent human resource control and autonomous installation and cancellation of branches by an economic decision with flexibility rather than their simple support for the state policy.