부산대학교 도서관

Soil-derived dust emissions have been widely associated with health and environmental problems and should therefore be accurately and reliably estimated and assessed. Of these emissions, the inhalable PM[sub.10] and PM[sub.2.5] are difficult to estimate. Consequently, to calculate PM[sub.10] and PM[sub.2.5] emissions from soil erosion, an approach based on an artificial neural network (ANN) model which provides a multilayered, fully connected framework that relates input parameters and outcomes was proposed in this study. Owing to the difficulty in obtaining the actual emissions of soil-derived PM[sub.10] and PM[sub.2.5] over a broad area, the PM[sub.10] and PM[sub.2.5] simulated results of the ANN model were compared with the published results simulated by the widely used wind erosion prediction system (WEPS) model. The PM[sub.10] and PM[sub.2.5] emission results, based on the WEPS, agreed well with the field data, with R[sup.2] values of 0.93 and 0.97, respectively, indicating the potential for using the WEPS results as a reference for training the ANN model. The calculated r, RMSE and MAE for the results simulated by the WEPS and ANN were 0.78, 3.37 and 2.31 for PM[sub.10] and 0.79, 1.40 and 0.91 for PM[sub.2.5], respectively, throughout Southern Xinjiang. The uncertainty of the soil-derived PM[sub.10] and PM[sub.2.5] emissions at a 95% CI was (−66–106%) and (−75–108%), respectively, in 2016. The results indicated that by using parameters that affect soil erodibility, including the soil pH, soil cation exchange capacity, soil organic content, soil calcium carbonate, wind speed, precipitation and elevation as input factors, the ANN model could simulate soil-derived particle emissions in Southern Xinjiang. The results showed that when the study domain was reduced from the entire Southern Xinjiang region to its five administrative divisions, the performance of the ANN improved, producing average correlation coefficients of 0.88 and 0.87, respectively, for PM[sub.10] and PM[sub.2.5]. The performances of the ANN differed by study period, with the best result obtained during the sand period (March to May) followed by the nonheating (June to October) and heating periods (November to February). Wind speed, precipitation and soil calcium carbonate were the predominant input factors affecting particle emissions from wind erosion sources. The results of this study can be used as a reference for the wind erosion prevention and soil conservation plans in Southern Xinjiang.
Author(s): Shuang Gao [1]; Yaxin Liu [1]; Jieqiong Zhang [1]; Jie Yu [1]; Li Chen (corresponding author) [1,*]; Yanling Sun [1]; Jian Mao [1]; Hui Zhang [1]; Zhenxing Ma [1]; [...]