학술논문
Mortality and pulmonary complications in patients undergoing surgery with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection: an international cohort study
Document Type
Report
Author
Archer, James E; Odeh, Abdulrahman; Ereidge, Simon; Salem, Hosni Khairy; Jones, Gareth P; Gardner, Anne; Tripathi, Shiva S; Gregg, Anne; Jeganathan, Reuben; Siddique, Muhammad Harris; Lombardi, Celestino P; Martin, Benjamin; Leo, Cosimo Alex; Dass, Debashis; Di Franco, Gregorio; Jiao, Long R; Mari, Giulio Maria; Capitan-Morales, Luis-Cristobal; Connelly, Tara M; Alanbuki, Ammar; De Virgilio, Armando; Schilling, Clare; San Miguel Mendez, Carlos; Kulkarni, Gauri; Nizami, Kulsoom; Walsh, Stewart; Dean, Harry; Ruiz-Marin, Miguel; Houston, Rory; Trompetto, Mario; Chrastek, David; Kouritas, Vasileios; Cannoletta, Maria; Rosato, Francesco; Kaushal, Manish V; Costa, Paulo Matos; Elkadi, Hannah H; Johnstone, Jack R; Irvine, Esmee; Alvarez, Maria R; Corbellini, Carlo; Venkatesan, Gowtham S; Mateo-Sierra, Olga; Martinez-Perez, Carolina; Serrano Gonzalez, Javier; Hernandez Bartolome, Miguel Ongel; Diaz Perez, David; Gutierrez Samaniego, Maria; Galindo Jara, Pablo; Sharma, Neil
Source
The Lancet. July 4, 2020, Vol. 396 Issue 10243, 27
Subject
Language
English
ISSN
0140-6736
Abstract
Summary Background The impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) on postoperative recovery needs to be understood to inform clinical decision making during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. This study reports 30-day mortality and pulmonary complication rates in patients with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods This international, multicentre, cohort study at 235 hospitals in 24 countries included all patients undergoing surgery who had SARS-CoV-2 infection confirmed within 7 days before or 30 days after surgery. The primary outcome measure was 30-day postoperative mortality and was assessed in all enrolled patients. The main secondary outcome measure was pulmonary complications, defined as pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, or unexpected postoperative ventilation. Findings This analysis includes 1128 patients who had surgery between Jan 1 and March 31, 2020, of whom 835 (74*0%) had emergency surgery and 280 (24*8%) had elective surgery. SARS-CoV-2 infection was confirmed preoperatively in 294 (26*1%) patients. 30-day mortality was 23*8% (268 of 1128). Pulmonary complications occurred in 577 (51*2%) of 1128 patients; 30-day mortality in these patients was 38*0% (219 of 577), accounting for 81*7% (219 of 268) of all deaths. In adjusted analyses, 30-day mortality was associated with male sex (odds ratio 1*75 [95% CI 1*28--2*40], p Interpretation Postoperative pulmonary complications occur in half of patients with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection and are associated with high mortality. Thresholds for surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic should be higher than during normal practice, particularly in men aged 70 years and older. Consideration should be given for postponing non-urgent procedures and promoting non-operative treatment to delay or avoid the need for surgery. Funding National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland, Bowel and Cancer Research, Bowel Disease Research Foundation, Association of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgeons, British Association of Surgical Oncology, British Gynaecological Cancer Society, European Society of Coloproctology, NIHR Academy, Sarcoma UK, Vascular Society for Great Britain and Ireland, and Yorkshire Cancer Research. (footnote)[Dagger] Collaborating authors are listed in the Byline: Dmitri Nepogodiev, Aneel Bhangu, James C Glasbey, Elizabeth Li, Omar M Omar, Joana FF Simoes, Tom EF Abbott, Osaid Alser, Alexis P Arnaud, Brittany K Bankhead-Kendall, Kerry A Breen, Miguel F Cunha, Giana H Davidson, Salomone Di Saverio, Gaetano Gallo, Ewen A Griffiths, Rohan R Gujjuri, Peter J Hutchinson, Haytham MA Kaafarani, Hans Lederhuber, Markus W Loffler, Hassan N Mashbari, Ana Minaya-Bravo, Dion G Morton, David Moszkowicz, Francesco Pata, George Tsoulfas, Mary L Venn, Daniel Cox, April C Roslani, Felix Alakaloko, Jean-Paul PM de Vries, Mahmoud A Aaraj, Tom EF Abbott, Sarah J Abbott, Mutwakil OM Abdalla, Ahmed S Abdelaal, Adesoji O Ademuyiwa, Thomas M Aherne, Osman M Ali, Ghadah Z Alkadeeki, Ana C Almeida, Mahmoud M Alrahawy, Graeme K Ambler, Ehab Alameer, Stefano M Andreani, Beatriz De Andres-Asenjo, Leyre Lopez Antonanzas, Salah G Aoun, Fouad M Ashoush, Knut Magne Augestad, Rocio B Avellana, Funbi A Ayeni, John OO Ayorinde, Bheemanakone H Babu, Mirza MAS Baig, Oreoluwa M Bajomo, Olivia J Baker, Markus P Baker, Alexander J Baldwin, Vin Shen Ban, Ryan D Baron, Alberto G Barranquero, Conor P Barry, Alessandro DI Bartolomeo, Gary A Bass, Michael F Bath, H Hunt Batjer, Andrew J Beamish, Ajay P Belgaumkar, Matthew N Bence, Ruth A Benson, Juan Carlos Bernal-Sprekelsen, Anuradha R Bhama, Avi V Bhavaraju, Walter L Biffl, Chris M Blundell, Alexander P Boddy, Alexander BJ Borgstein, David C Bosanquet, Karen D Bosch, Ahmad EM Bouhuwaish, Mehmet A Bozkurt, Collin EM Brathwaite, Benjamin C Brown, Oliver D Brown, Allison K Brown, Igor Lima Buarque, Alejandro D Bueno-Canones, Mustafa R Bulugma, Joshua R Burke, Matthew HV Byrne, Elima P Cagigal-Ortega, Rachael A Callcut, Francesca DI Candido, Michaela E Canova, William J Carlos, Edward J Caruana, Liam D Cato, Andrew B Catton, Andrea Pisani Ceretti, Thomas JG Chase, Francesco Di Chiara, Abeed H Chowdhury, Eric A Chung, Pierfranco M Cicerchia, Ethan CS Clough, Natasha L Coleman, Chris G Collins, Michelle L Collins, Emily T Colonna, Lara V Comini, Patrick A Coughlin, Laura Fernandez-Gomez Cruzado, Brian R Davidson, Richard J Davies, Emma J Davies, Niall F Davis, Brett E Dawson, Benjamin JF Dean, Maria Garcia-Conde Delgado, Jose J Diaz, Kathryn E Dickson, Manuel M Diez-Alonso, Jan R Dixon, Matthew J Doe, Thomas D Drake, Frederick T Drake, John P Duffy, Declan FJ Dunne, Naomi JM Dunne, Virginia M Duran-Munoz-Cruzado, Alexander ZE Durst, Nicola J Eardley, John G Edwards, Ahmed H Elfallal, Mahmoud MA Elfiky, Jessie A Elliott, Sameh H Emile, Katy M Emslie, Frederick W Endorf, Jamie L Engel, Diego T Enjuto, Eric W Etchill, Jonathan P Evans, Brian A Fahey, Carlos S Faria, Carlo V Feo, Henry JM Ferguson, Beatriz Dieguez Fernandez, Andres Garcia Fernandez, Antonio J Fernandez, Borja Camacho Fernandez-Pacheco, J Edward Fitzgerald, Giovanni B Fonsi, Roser Farre Font, Amy L Fowler, Kenneth R Fretwell, Lorena Sanchon Fructuoso, Giuseppe K Fusai, Miguel Hernandez Garcia, Miguel Angel Garcia-Urena, Charn K Gill, Suzanne S Gisbertz, Roberto Del Giudice, Maria Carmela Giuffrida, Matteo Di Giuseppe, Maria Fanjul Gomez, Ewen A Griffiths, Claudio A Guariglia, Alison J Hainsworth, Bria J Hall, James RW Hall, John S Hammond, Maha H Haqqani, Ewen M Harrison, Joshua P Hazelton, Maarten van Heinsbergen, Arnold DK Hill, Caroline B Hing, Sameer A Hirji, Michael WS Ho, Charlotte M Holbrook, Thomas J Holme, James C Hopkins, David N Hopkinson, Fahad S Hossain, Victoria E Hudson, Jane L Hughes, E. Shelley Hwang, Mohamed AH Ibrahim, Simone M Isolani, Michael D Jenkinson, Hillary E Jenny, Deva S Jeyaretna, Robert P Jones, Andrew P Jones, Pascal KC Jonker, Maria L Jonsson, Doireann P Joyce, Kyle J Kalkwarf, Sivesh K Kamarajah, Mohamed El Kassas, Dara O Kavanagh, James M Keatley, Mohamed A Khalefa, Jim S Khan, Bilal H Kirmani, Aaron P Kisiel, Spyros Marinos Kouris, Mikolaj R Kowal, Peter L Labib, John O Larkin, Johannes C Lauscher, Wouter KG Leclercq, Frances SJ Ledesma, Andre M Leite-Moreira, Elaine YL Leung, Sophia E Lewis, Maria Joao Lima, Daniel J Lin, Helen H Liu, Aoife J Lowery, Saida Martel Lozano, Catriona R Luney, Mariana Magalhaes Maia, Nicolo M Mariani, Marco V Marino, Angelo A Marra, Christopher L Marsh, Robert CG Martin, Simon J McCluney, Robert C McIntyre, Siobhan C Mckay, Kevin L McKevitt, Ashley D Meagher, Mohammad Q Mehdi, Brian J Mehigan, Melania Gonzalez-De Miguel, Maria-Carmen De Miguel-Ardevines, Sarah J Mills, Helen M Mohan, John AG Moir, John RT Monson, Joana M Monteiro, Maria T Montella, Cristina Soto Montesinos, Marwa M Morgom, Francisco S Moura, Jose M Muguerza, Suzanne H Murphy, Paola De Nardi, David N Naumann, Paul C Neary, David TA Neely, Joshua S Ng-Kamstra, Albert WT Ngu, Truong A Nguyen, George E Nita, Quentin M Nunes, Rachel M Nygaard, Lindsay B O'Meara, John R O'Neill, Barbara U Okafor, Steven A Olson, Aung Y Oo, Pablo Collera Ormazabal, Alexander L Osorio, Max J Pachl, James T Parry, Panna K Patel, Luis E Perez-Sanchez, Ana Nogues Pevidal, Anna P Pezzuto, Matthew M Philp, Thomas D Pinkney, Joerg M Pollok, Meical G Povey, Alfredo Alonso Poza, Amarkumar D Rajgor, Jagan N Rao, Dimitri A Raptis, Henry E Rice, Paul F Ridgway, Ana Munoz Rivas, Juan C Rodriguez-Sanjuan, Luke J Rogers, Anna Da Roit, Rebecca A Rollett, Jose L Romera, Siobhan M Rooney, Vanessa I Roxo, Bertrand Le Roy, Eduardo E Rubio, Carolina Castro Ruiz, Manuel Losada Ruiz, Eanna J Ryan, Abdel Rahman Saad, Samerah A Saeed, Hiba A Salama, Abdulrauf A Salamah, Gianluca M Sampietro, Diwakar R Sarma, Kathryn B Schaffer, Andreas A Schnitzbauer, Rachel J Scurrah, Olivia L Serevina, Pedro A Serralheiro, Joseph M Sewards, Michael J Shackcloth, Abigail V Shaw, Andrea RG Sheel, Giuseppe S Sica, Veronica De Simone, Aminder A Singh, Rabindra P Singh, Brendan L Skelly, Henry G Smith, Amir H Sohail, Duncan R Spalding, Laurie R Springford, Anna E Ssentongo, Pieter J Steinkamp, Kent A Stevens, Grant D Stewart, Nicholas A Stylianides, Tom BB Sullivan, Ahmed SA Taher, Muhammad S Tamimy, Alethea M Tang, Giovanni D Tebala, Francisco J Tejero-Pintor, Mohamed A Thaha, Amy J Thomas, Giorgio De Toma, Filippo La Torre, Antonio J Torres, David N Townshend, Isobel M Trout, Sarah C Tucker, Harmony K Ubhi, Viviana A Vega, George C Velmahos, Catherine G Velopulos, Yirupaiahgari KS Viswanath, Alfredo A Vivas, Ryckie G Wade, Martin S Wadley, Joshua JS Wall, Andrew M Walters, Oliver J Warren, Chamindri K Weerasinghe, Richard JW Wilkin, Katherine J Williams, Stuart C Winter, Justin CR Wormald, Franklin L Wright, Souzana E Xyda, Alastair L Young, Mina MG Youssef, Farhat B Yousuf, Hanan El Youzouri, Marco A Zappa, Emmanuele Abate, Hossam Abdalaziz, Mostafa Abdelkarim, Hossam Abdou, Ahmad Aboelkassem-Ibrahim, Ala Abuown, Fernando Acebes-Garcia, Metesh Acharya, Michel Adamina, Emmanuel Addae-Boateng, Raiyyan Aftab, Arnav Agarwal, Jose Aguilar, Yousra Ahmed, Emma Aitken, Marwa Al-Azzawi, Somya Al-Embideen, Mahmoud Al-Masri, Hani Al-Najjar, Ahmad Al-Sukaini, Ruhina Alam, Derek Alderson, Zumrud Aliyeva, Firas Aljanadi, Murad Almasri, Paula Alonso-Ortuno, Fatih Altintoprak, Gamal Amira, Rabbia Amjad, Gabriele Anania, Tatjana Andabaka, Dimitrios Angelou, Seethalakshmi Annamalai, Valerio Annessi, James Anthoney, Sibtain Anwar, Mariyah Anwer, Juan Aragon-Chamizo, Antonella Ardito, Michele Arigoni, Teodora Armao, Armando Arminio, Lara Armstrong, Alexis Arnaud, Peter Asaad, James Ashcroft, Christopher Ashmore, Ahmad Asqalan, Emanuele Asti, Emmanuelle Aubry, Erman Aytac, Esther Ayuso-Herrera, Melody Baeza, Martin Bailon-Cuadrado, Bernarda Bakmaz, Caterina Baldi, Edoardo Baldini, Stefano Baldo, Michele Ballabio, Ioannis Baloyiannis, Gerard Baltazar, Fabrizio Bambina, Alessandro Bandiera, Emma Barlow, Roberto Barmasse, Christina Barmpagianni, Gianluca Baronio, Fabio Barra, Anne-Marie Bartsch, Amedra Basgaran, Amr Basha, Varvara Bashkirova, Marco Bastazza, Rachel Baumber, Elizabeth Belcher, Angela Belvedere, Inmaculada Benitez-Linero, Damien Bergeat, Matteo Bernasconi, Ashish Bhalla, Neal Bhutiani, Federica Bianco, Pietro Bisagni, Iain Blake, Ruth Blanco-Colino, Alma Blazquez-Martin, Matthew Boal, Luigi Bonavina, Giulia Bonavina, Giles Bond-Smith, Karen Booth, Filipe Borges, Felice Borghi, Konstantinos Bouchagier, Grainne Bourke, Emily Boyle, Gioia Brachini, Jessie Brain, Amanpreet Brar, Lisa Breckles, Frederic Bretagnol, Genevieve Brixton, Placido Bruzzaniti, Teofila Bueser, Nathan Burnside, Albert Caballero, Enrique Calcerrada-Alises, Miriam Callahan, Enrique Camarero, Tommaso Campagnaro, Michela Campanelli, Massimo Candiani, Miguel Cantalejo-Diaz, Han Cao, Patrizio Capelli, Vita Capizzi, Giulio Carcano, Francesca Carissimi, Massimo Carlini, Michele Carlucci, Heather Carmichael, Milagros Carrasco, Mariana Carrillo, Michele Carvello, Massimiliano Casati, Carlo Castoro, Vanesa Catalan, Salome Cavaleiro, Paola Cellerino, Giovanna Centinaio, Cristina Cernei, Cristina Cerro, Maurizio Cervellera, Sohini Chakrabortee, Stephanie Chamberlain, Jeffrey Chan, Grace Chang, Dauod Chaudhry, Alexandre Chebaro, David Chen, Govind Chetty, Zoe Chia, Ambra Chiappini, Massimo Chiarugi, Swathikan Chidambaram, Matteo Chiozza, Hanna Cholewa, Clara Chong, Ekta Choolani-Bhojwani, Dimitri Christoforidis, Karen Chui, Choyin Chung, Bruno Cirillo, Davide Citterio, Pauline Clermidi, Federico Coccolini, Gaia Colletti, Bruno Compagnoni, Vanesa Concepcion-Martin, Marco Confalonieri, Hannah Connolly, Christel Conso, Luigi Conti, Zara Cooper, Fernando Cordera, Javier Corral, Marta Costa, Andrea Costanzi, Christian Cotsoglou, Valerio Cozza, Tamzin Cuming, Miles Curtis, Joseph Cuschieri, Michele D'Agruma, Giancarlo D'Andrea, Prita Daliya, Oliver Dare, Ebenezer Darko, Andrew Day, Ahmed Dehal, Dustin Dehart, Eduardo Delgado-Oliver, Max Denning, Anant Desai, Liesbeth Desender, Sara Dester, Alberto Diaz-Garcia, Patricia Diaz-Pena, Bertrand Dousset, Alexandre Doussot, Nicolas Duchateau, Sarah Duff, Joel Dunning, Victoria Duque-Mallen, Jana Dziakova, Bridget Egan, Richard Egan, Abess El-Ali, Hossam Elfeki, Muhammed Elhadi, Mohammed Eljareh, Ramy Elkady, Fatimah Elkhafeefi, Ugo Elmore, Tarek Elmoslemany, Oliver Emmerson, Ibrahim Enemosah, Camilla English, William English, Jorge Escartin, Mercedes Estaire-Gomez, Luke Evans, Jessica Evans, Rebecca Exley, Nicolo Fabbri, Giuseppe Falco, Pietro Familiari, Alessandro Fancellu, Shebani Farik, Tony Farrell, Matyas Fehervari, Adam Fell, Angel Fernandez-Camunas, Reyes Fernandez-Marin, Maria Fernandez-Martinez, Francesco Ferrara, Guglielmo Ferrari, Simone Ferrero, Laura Findlay, Marco Fiore, Enrico Fiori, Michael Flatman, Ian Flindall, Blas Flor, Tommaso Fontana, Samuel Ford, David Ford, Stefano Forlani, Elisa Francone, Colomba Frattaruolo, Federico Frio, Annalisa Gagliano, Filippo Gagliardi, Sukhpreet Gahunia, Francesca Gaino, Tanzeela Gala, Elisa Galfrascoli, Luca Galimberti, Phoebe Gallagher, Raffaele Galleano, Armando Galvan-Perez, Emanuele Gammeri, Mario Ganau, Raul Garces-Garcia, Gianluca Garulli, Isabel Gascon-Ferrer, Andrea Gattolin, Sebastien Gaujoux, Sergio Gentilli, Fanourios Georgiades, Amir Ghanbari, Dhruv Ghosh, Marco Giacometti, Anna-Victoria Giblin, Catherine Gilbert, Clara Gimenez, Emmanouil Giorgakis, Manuel Gipponi, Paul Glen, Giles Goatly, Davide Gobatti, Chintamani Godbole, Kajal Gohil, Marcos Gomez, Juan-Carlos Gomez-Rosado, Emre Gonullu, Enrique Gonzalez-Gonzalez, Luca Gordini, Isabel Gracia, Carlos Gracia-Roche, Stefano Granieri, Susanna Green, Manuela Grivon, Thomas Grove, Marcello Guaglio, Eleonora Guaitoli, Alfredo Guglielmi, Soumya Guha, Claudio Gustavino, Amir Habeeb, Robert Hagger, Hazim Hakmi, Constantine Halkias, Claire Hall, Matthew Hampton, Siddhartha Handa, Laura Hansen, Iram Haq, Amer Harky, Rhiannon Harries, Joseph Harrison, Raashad Hasan, Mohammad Hawari, Paul Hawkin, Bethany Hebblethwaite, Susana Henriques, Emily Heritage, Pilar Hernandez-Juara, Maria Herrero-Lopez, Erik Hervieux, Bruno Heyd, Simon Higgs, Louise Hitchman, Beatrice Ho, Aisling Hogan, Frank Holzle, Tanvir Hossain, Libor Hurt, Peter Hutchinson, Giulio Iacob, Immacolata Iannone, Sherif Ibrahim, Domenico Iovino, Arda Isik, Sevda Jafarova, Tahir Jamil, Ullas Jayaraju, Edward Jenner, Elisa Jimenez-Higuera, Jaime Jimeno, Mark Jones, Nicholas Judkins, Nicholas Kalavrezos, Venugopala Kalidindi, Maninder Kalkat, Mona Kamal, Carsten Kamphues, Chong Kang, Yasin Kara, Edward Karam, Ahmed Karim, Florence Kashora, David Kearney, Apoorva Khajuria, Umul Khan, Azam Khan, Chetan Khatri, Gabriel Kinnaman, James Kinross, Aaron Kler, Serafeim Klimopoulos, Ali Kocatas, Angelos Kolias, Alfred Konigsrainer, Joop Konsten, Christos Kontovounisios, Amar Kourdouli, Emily Krishnan, Sverrir Kristinsson, Schelto Kruijff, Soren Kudsk-Iversen, Dorothy Kufeji, Nadav Kugler, Rugved Kulkarni, Hayato Kurihara, Letizia Laface, Zaher Lakkis, Mariam Lami, Aitor Landaluce-Olavarria, Pierfrancesco Lapolla, Ismail Lawani, Samuel Lawday, Andre Lazaro, Katia Lecolle, Sezai Leventoglu, Zoe Li, Ignatius Liew, Giorgio Lisi, Vincenzo Lizzi, Terence Lo, Daniele Lomiento, Marco Longhi, Emilie Lostis, Eftychios Lostoridis, Mahmoud Loubani, Alejandro Lowy-Benoliel, Alessandro Lucianetti, Louis Luke, Raimundas Lunevicius, Marco Luraghi, George Lye, Islam Mabrouk, Alberto Macchi, Luisa MacDonald, Nikolaos Machairas, Marco Madonini, Drew Magowan, Emeline Maisonneuve, Agata Majkowska, Lawrence Majkowski, Jason Mak, Stefano Malabarba, Michele Malerba, Syed Mannan, Joanna Manson, Ahmer Mansuri, Baris Mantoglu, Nichola Manu, Afnan Maqsood, Alessandra Marano, Adrian Marchbank, Pablo Marcos-Santos, Enrico Marrano, Janet Martin, Emmeline Martin, Guy Martin, Lorena Martin-Albo, Lorena Martin-Roman, Fabio Martinelli, Fernando Martinez-dePaz, Antonio Martinez-German, Carlos Martinez-Pinedo, Ricardo Martins, Hisham Marwan, Federica Marzi, Pierre Mathieu, Maria-Soledad Matute-Najarro, Andrew Maw, Dennis Mazingi, Vincenzo Mazzaferro, Andrew McCanny, Katherine McKenzie, Nicola McLarty, Iain McPherson, Esther Medina, Saniya Mediratta, Marzia Medone, Gautam Mehra, Simone Mele, Lidia Melero-Cortes, Fernando Mendoza-Moreno, Simona Meneghini, Giuseppe Mercante, Aude Merdrignac, Stephen Merola, Symeon Metallidis, Martin Michel, Marco Migliore, Jakov Mihanovic, Douglas Miller, Andrea Mingoli, Gary Minto, Antonello Mirabella, Nikhil Misra, Stefan Mitrasinovic, Victor Miu, Nader Moawad, Sylvie Mochet, Ali Modabber, Adam Mohammad, Midhun Mohan, Carmen Moliner-Sanchez, Francesco Mongelli, Michela Monteleone, Mauro Montuori, Rachel Moore, Ismael Mora-Guzman, Xavier Morales, Dieter Morales, Luca Morelli, Lucia Morelli, Richard Morgan, Chris Morris, Pietro Mortini, Angelo Mosca, Dema Motter, Susan Moug, Samrat Mukherjee, Manhal Najdy, Apostolos Nakas, Ilgar Namazov, Pradyumna Naredla, Emmhamed Nasef, Heeam Nassa, Rahul Nath, Antonio Navarro-Sanchez, Scarlet Nazarian, Giampiero Negri, Deepika Nehra, Jason Neil-Dwyer, Jacopo Neri, Katy Newton, Herald Nikaj, Milagros Niquen, Sara Nobile, Jorge Nogueiro, Faustin Ntirenganya, Michael Nugent, Jordi Nunez, Juan Ocana, Valentine Okechukwu, Fernando Oliva-Mompean, Ana Oliveira, Didier Ollat, Lavinia Onos, Liza Osagie-Clouard, Khabab Osman, Jessica Ottolina, Jared Ourieff, Oumaima Outani, Bankole Oyewole, Volkan Ozben, David Pacheco-Sanchez, David Padilla-Valverde, Madhava Pai, Salvatore Paiella, Samuel Paisley, Gianmarco Palini, Matteo Palmeri, Pedram Panahi, Alessandro Parente, Daniele Parlanti, Chetan Parmar, Angela Pascual, Mahul Patel, Abhijit Pathak, Sangram Patil, Piet Pattyn, Adam Peckham-Cooper, Corrado Pedrazzani, Gianluca Pellino, Chiara Peluso, Andre Pereira, Antonio Pereira-Neves, MD Perez-Diaz, Marta Perez-Gonzalez, Baltasar Perez-Saborido, Konstantinos Perivoliotis, Clare Perkins, Georgios Peros, Ornella Perotto, Teresa Perra, Patrizio Petrone, George Phenix, Sara Picazo, Rafael Picon-Rodriguez, Martina Piloni, Lorena Pingarron-Martin, Enrico Pinotti, Adolfo Pisanu, Paolo Pizzini, Peter Pockney, Mauro Podda, Dina Podolsky, Gilberto Poggioli, Cecilia Pompili, Michael Pontari, Alberto Porcu, Ryan Potter, Claire Price, Francois-Rene Pruvot, Roger Pujol-Muncunill, Andrea Puppo, Markus Quante, Begona Quintana-Villamandos, Ali Qureshi, Dejan Radenkovic, Ivan Rakvin, Irene Ramallo-Solis, Sean Ramcharan, Diego Ramos, Antonio Ramos-Bonilla, Joussi Ramzi, Sridhar Rathinam, Emanuele Rausa, Matteo Ravaioli, Sharanya Ravindran, Thomas Raymond, Aisha Razik, Jennifer Redfern, Julio Reguera-Rosal, Mariam Rela, Juan Rey-Biel, Cristina Rey-Valcarcel, Marta Ribolla, Tomos Richards, Michael Richmond, Erminio Righini, Javier Rio-Gomez, Harjoat Riyat, Sana Rizvi, Keith Roberts, Matthew Roberts, Stuart Robertson, Ronald Robertson, Alvaro Robin-Valle, Melissa Rochon, Mikel Rojo, Luigi Rolli, Silvio Romano, Elizabeth Ross, Howard Ross, Catherine Rossborough, Matteo Rottoli, Fernando Ruiz-Grande, Irene Ruiz-Martin, Maria Ruiz-Soriano, Andrea Ruzzenente, Ondrej Ryska, Carlos Saez, Andrea Sagnotta, Kapil Sahnan, Arun Sahni, Ali Salim, Ibrahim Sallam, Roberto Salvia, Elgun Samadov, Giuseppe Sammarco, Mafalda Sampaio-Alves, Alejandro Sanchez-Arteaga, Maria-Nieves Sanchez-Fuentes, Daniel Sanchez-Pelaez, Coral Sanchez-Perez, Maria Sanchez-Rubio, Jorge Sancho-Muriel, Julie Sanders, Maria-Pilar Santero-Ramirez, Thomas Santora, Antonio Santoro, Irene Santos, Hugo Santos-Sousa, Paolo Sapienza, Lodovico Sartarelli, Janahan Sarveswaran, Diego Sasia, Alain Saudemont, Sef Saudi-Moro, Shobhit Saxena, Dolly Saxena, Ahmad Sayasneh, Aurelien Scalabre, Andrew Schache, Riccardo Schiavina, Christian Schineis, Teresa Schreckenbach, Antonella Scorza, Lucy Scott, Sara Seegert, Agathe Seguin-Givelet, Ana Senent-Boza, Keith Seymour, Amanda Shabana, Karishma Shah, Jigar Shah, Preena Shah, Sujay Shah, Taner Shakir, Mostafa Shalaby, Sushma Shankar, Richard Shaw, Sameh Shehata, Amy Shenfine, Kelda Sheridan, Ahmed Sherief, Mohamed Sherief, Mohamed Sherif, Michael Shinkwin, Sebastian Shu, Kwabena Siaw-Acheampong, Pierpaolo Sileri, Abhinav Singh, Shailendra Singh, Sanjay Sinha, Deepti Sinha, Leandro Siragusa, Rajesh Sivaprakasam, Sriharan Sivayoganathan, Robert Smillie, Claire Smith, Andrew Smith, Christopher Smith, Dana Sochorova, Fiammetta Soggiu, Catrin Sohrabi, Catrin Sohrabi, Catrin Sohrabi, Francesca Solari, Piergiorgio Solli, Kjetil Soreide, Antonino Spinelli, Domenico Spoletini, Giuseppe Spriano, Sanskrithi Sravanam, Paddy Ssentongo, Sophie Stanger, Dionisios Stavroulias, Ben Steel, Marco Stella, Robbie Stewart, Sally Stringer, Nina Sulen, Sudha Sundar, Matthew Sundhu, Avni Suri, Arooj Syed, Peter Szatmary, Stephen Tabiri, Daniel Tadross, Lucio Taglietti, Rosamond Tansey, Dario Tartaglia, Ahmed Tawheed, Salim Tayeh, Tobias Teles, Valentina Testa, Nilanjana Tewari, Philipp Thoenissen, Kane Thomas, Anne Thomin, Jessica Thrush, Sean Tierney, Abhinav Tiwari, Simon Toh, Enrique Toledo, Valeria Tonini, Jared Torkington, Alfonso Torquati, Guido Torzilli, Joshua Totty, Paraskevi Tourountzi, Manuel Tousidonis, Philip Townend, Catherine Townsend, Alex Trompeter, Francesco Trotta, Stephanie Truant, Jeancarlos Trujillo-Diaz, Georgios Tsoulfas, Celia Turco, Victor Turrado-Rodriguez, Giulia Turri, Harry Tustin, Jayne Tyler, Stylianos Tzedakis, George Tzovaras, Martine Uittenbogaart, Ramzan Ullah, Shane Urban, Alessia Urbani, Antonella Usai, Gianpaolo Vaccarella, Javier Valdes-Hernandez, Luca Valsecchi, Rajiv Vashisht, Andrea Vazquez-Fernandez, Mary Venn, Cristina Vera-Mansilla, Roberto Vergari, Giuseppina Vescio, Raghavan Vidya, Paula Vieira, Vardhini Vijay, Dale Vimalachandran, Tommaso Violante, Anita Volpe, Fernanda Vovola, Paul Vulliamy, Rosemary Wall, Kate Wallwork, Alex Ward, David Warwick, Saima Waseem, Helen Weaver, Fiona Wells, Jiaxin Wen, Raha West, Emma Whitehall, Laura Wild, Alex Wilkins, Gethin Williams, Matthew Williams, Philipp Winnand, Ken Wong, Dawit Worku, Naomi Wright, Seema Yalamanchili, Danylo Yershov, Alp Yildiz, Richard Young, Can Yurttas, Frederic Zadegan, Noman Zafar, Rasheed Zakaria, Martina Zambon, Nicola Zanini, Alba Zarate, Philippe Zerbib, Maurizio Zizzo, Oded Zmora, Sandro Zonta, Mark I van Berge Henegouwen, Willemijn Y van der Plas, Inthekab Ali Mohamed Ali, Nur Amalina Che Bakri, Juan Carlos Catala Bauset, Mohamad K Abou Chaar, Luigi MP Marino Cosentino, Carlos J Gomez Diaz, Jose L Garcia Galocha, Charles A de Gheldere, Gustavo Mendonca Ataide Gomes, Juan Beltran de Heredia, Dan G Blazer III, William C Nugent III, Ali A Ali karar, F Borja De 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