부산대학교 도서관

Keywords ancient genomics; human history; Siberia; Native Americans; mobility; Yersinia pestis; Upper Paleolithic; Neolithic; Bronze Age Highlights * An Upper Paleolithic Siberian shows a deep link with the First Peoples of the Americas * A 10,000-year continuum of Ancient North Eurasian ancestry in the Lake Baikal region * The Neolithic to Bronze Age population formation occurred through prolonged local admixture * Long-range human and Y. pestis mobility across Eurasia during the Early Bronze Age Summary Modern humans have inhabited the Lake Baikal region since the Upper Paleolithic, though the precise history of its peoples over this long time span is still largely unknown. Here, we report genome-wide data from 19 Upper Paleolithic to Early Bronze Age individuals from this Siberian region. An Upper Paleolithic genome shows a direct link with the First Americans by sharing the admixed ancestry that gave rise to all non-Arctic Native Americans. We also demonstrate the formation of Early Neolithic and Bronze Age Baikal populations as the result of prolonged admixture throughout the eighth to sixth millennium BP. Moreover, we detect genetic interactions with western Eurasian steppe populations and reconstruct Yersinia pestis genomes from two Early Bronze Age individuals without western Eurasian ancestry. Overall, our study demonstrates the most deeply divergent connection between Upper Paleolithic Siberians and the First Americans and reveals human and pathogen mobility across Eurasia during the Bronze Age. Author Affiliation: (1) Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, Jena 07745, Germany (2) Research Institute and Museum of Anthropology, Moscow State University, Moscow 125009, Russia (3) Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia (4) Department of Archaeology, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, Jena 07745, Germany (5) Department of Geological Sciences, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa (6) Institute for Archaeological Sciences, Archaeo- and Palaeogenetics, University of Tubingen, Tubingen 72070, Germany (7) School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea * Corresponding author Article History: Received 18 November 2019; Revised 16 March 2020; Accepted 21 April 2020 (miscellaneous) Published: May 20, 2020 (footnote)8 Lead Contact Byline: He Yu (1), Maria A. Spyrou (1), Marina Karapetian (2), Svetlana Shnaider (3), Rita Radzeviciute (1), Kathrin Nagele (1), Gunnar U. Neumann (1), Sandra Penske (1), Jana Zech (4), Mary Lucas (4), Petrus LeRoux (5), Patrick Roberts (4), Galina Pavlenok (3), Alexandra Buzhilova (2), Cosimo Posth [posth@shh.mpg.de] (1,6,*), Choongwon Jeong [jeong@shh.mpg.de] (1,7,**), Johannes Krause [krause@shh.mpg.de] (1,8,***)