학술논문
A new threat from an old enemy: Re-emergence of coronavirus (Review)
Document Type
Academic Journal
Author
Docea, Anca Oana; Tsatsakis, Aristidis; Albulescu, Dana; Cristea, Oana; Zlatian, Ovidiu; Vtnceti, Marco; Moschos, Sterghios A.; Tsoukalas, Dimitris; Goumenou, Marina; Drakoulis, Nikolaos; Dumanov, Josef M.; Tutelyan, Victor A.; Onischenko, Gennadii G.; Aschner, Michael; Spandidos, Demetrios A.; Calina, Daniela
Source
International Journal of Molecular Medicine. June 2020, Vol. 45 Issue 6, p1631, 13 p.
Subject
Language
English
ISSN
1107-3756
Abstract
1. Introduction Respiratory infections are common in the cold seasons worldwide, and consequently considered trivial and mild. Affected individuals rarely consult medical professionals, instead treating themselves with symptomatic medications. Droplet [...]
The new outbreak of coronavirus from December 2019 has brought attention to an old viral enemy and has raised concerns as to the ability of current protection measures and the healthcare system to handle such a threat. It has been known since the 1960s that coronaviruses can cause respiratory infections in humans; however, their epidemic potential was understood only during the past two decades. In the present review, we address current knowledge on coronaviruses from a short history to epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestation of the disease, as well as treatment and prevention strategies. Although a great amount of research and efforts have been made worldwide to prevent further outbreaks of coronavirus-associated disease, the spread and lethality of the 2019 outbreak (COVID-19) is proving to be higher than previous epidemics on account of international travel density and immune naivety of the population. Only strong, joint and coordinated efforts of worldwide healthcare systems, researchers, and pharmaceutical companies and receptive national leaders will succeed in suppressing an outbreak of this scale. Contents 1. Introduction 2. A brief overview of coronavirus infections in human history 3. Epidemiology of coronavirus infections 4. The transmission model 5. Pathogenesis of coronavirus infection 6. Clinical manifestations of coronavirus-associated diseases 7. Treatment of coronavirus-associated diseases 8. Prevention strategies 9. Conclusions
The new outbreak of coronavirus from December 2019 has brought attention to an old viral enemy and has raised concerns as to the ability of current protection measures and the healthcare system to handle such a threat. It has been known since the 1960s that coronaviruses can cause respiratory infections in humans; however, their epidemic potential was understood only during the past two decades. In the present review, we address current knowledge on coronaviruses from a short history to epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestation of the disease, as well as treatment and prevention strategies. Although a great amount of research and efforts have been made worldwide to prevent further outbreaks of coronavirus-associated disease, the spread and lethality of the 2019 outbreak (COVID-19) is proving to be higher than previous epidemics on account of international travel density and immune naivety of the population. Only strong, joint and coordinated efforts of worldwide healthcare systems, researchers, and pharmaceutical companies and receptive national leaders will succeed in suppressing an outbreak of this scale. Contents 1. Introduction 2. A brief overview of coronavirus infections in human history 3. Epidemiology of coronavirus infections 4. The transmission model 5. Pathogenesis of coronavirus infection 6. Clinical manifestations of coronavirus-associated diseases 7. Treatment of coronavirus-associated diseases 8. Prevention strategies 9. Conclusions