부산대학교 도서관

A growing body of correlational studies suggests that sex hormones such as those contained in, or affected by, oral contraceptives (OCs) may impact economic behavior. However, despite widespread use of OCs among women in Western countries, little is known about their potential behavioral effects. The present study investigates whether OCs causally influence economic preferences. We randomly allocate 340 women aged 18-35 to three months of a widely used OC or placebo treatment. At the end of treatment, we conduct an economic experiment measuring altruism, financial risk taking, and willingness to compete. The statistical power is 80% to detect an effect size equal to a Cohen's d of 0.30 at the 5% level. We And no significant effects of OCs on any of the measured preferences, indicating that this widely used OC treatment, commonly used throughout the world, does not significantly affect the measured economic preferences. Further, we find no relation between menstrual cycle phase and economic preferences in the placebo group. History: Accepted by Uri Gneezy, behavioral economics. Open Access Statement: This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License. You are free to download this work and share with others, but cannot change in any way or use commercially without permission, and you must attribute this work as "Management Science. Copyright [C]2017 The Author(s). https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2017.2844, used under a Creative Commons Attribution License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/." Funding: This work was supported by research from the Jan Wallander and Tom Hedelius Foundation [Grants P2010-0133:l, P2012-0002:l, and P2013-0156:l], the Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation [Wallenberg Academy Fellows grant] (to A. Dreber), the Swedish Council for Working Life and Social Research [Grant 2006-1623], the Swiss National Science Foundation [Grant 100010-149451], the Swedish Research Council [Grant 20324], Karolinska Institutet, and the regional agreement on medical training and clinical research (ALF) between Stockholm County Council and Karolinska Institutet [Grant 20130313]. Supplemental Material: Data are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2017.2844. Keywords: economic behavior * competitiveness * risk taking * altruism * hormones * oral contraceptives
1. Introduction More than 100 million women worldwide are estimated to use the oral contraceptive pill (OC), and in Western Europe and the United States, approximately 80% of fertile women [...]