학술논문
Association of fine particulate air pollution with cardiopulmonary morbidity in Western Coast of Saudi Arabia
Document Type
Report
Author
Source
Saudi Medical Journal. September 2017, Vol. 38 Issue 9, p905, 8 p.
Subject
Language
English
ISSN
0379-5284
Abstract
Epidemiological studies (1-4) continue to show that fine particulate (PM) air pollution increases the risk for morbidity and mortality from cardiopulmonary diseases. Exposure to [PM.sub.2.5] is believed to induce hypercoagulability, [...]
Objectives: To assess cardiopulmonary morbidity associated with daily exposures to [PM.sub.2.5] in Western Coast of Saudi Arabia. Methods: We monitored 24-h [PM.sub.2.5] and its constituents including black carbon (BC), particulate sulfate p-S[O.sub.4.sup.2-]), nitrate p-N[O.sub.3.sup.-]), ammonium (p-N[H.sub.4.sup.+]) and trace elements (TEs) at a site in Rabigh, Saudi Arabia from May to June 2013 with simultaneous collection of hospital data (N=2513). Cardiopulmonary morbidity risk was determined in a generalized linear time-series model. Results: Exposure to [PM.sub.2.5] was associated with a 7.6% p=0.056) increase in risk of respiratory disease (RD) in females. Black carbon increased RD morbidity risk by 68.1% p=0.056) in females. Exposure to p-S[O.sub.4.sup.2-] increased the cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk by up to 5.3% (p=0.048) in males; and RD by 2.9% p=0.037) in females and 2.5% p=0.022) in males. The p-N[H.sub.4.sup.+] increased CVD risk by up to 20.3% p=0.033) in males; and RD by 10.7% (p=0.014) in females and 8% p=0.031) in males. No statistically significant association was observed for p-N[O.sub.3.sup.-] and TEs exposure. Conclusion: Overall, results show an increased risk for cardiopulmonary morbidity following exposure to air pollution. doi: 10.15537/smj.2017.9.18545
Objectives: To assess cardiopulmonary morbidity associated with daily exposures to [PM.sub.2.5] in Western Coast of Saudi Arabia. Methods: We monitored 24-h [PM.sub.2.5] and its constituents including black carbon (BC), particulate sulfate p-S[O.sub.4.sup.2-]), nitrate p-N[O.sub.3.sup.-]), ammonium (p-N[H.sub.4.sup.+]) and trace elements (TEs) at a site in Rabigh, Saudi Arabia from May to June 2013 with simultaneous collection of hospital data (N=2513). Cardiopulmonary morbidity risk was determined in a generalized linear time-series model. Results: Exposure to [PM.sub.2.5] was associated with a 7.6% p=0.056) increase in risk of respiratory disease (RD) in females. Black carbon increased RD morbidity risk by 68.1% p=0.056) in females. Exposure to p-S[O.sub.4.sup.2-] increased the cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk by up to 5.3% (p=0.048) in males; and RD by 2.9% p=0.037) in females and 2.5% p=0.022) in males. The p-N[H.sub.4.sup.+] increased CVD risk by up to 20.3% p=0.033) in males; and RD by 10.7% (p=0.014) in females and 8% p=0.031) in males. No statistically significant association was observed for p-N[O.sub.3.sup.-] and TEs exposure. Conclusion: Overall, results show an increased risk for cardiopulmonary morbidity following exposure to air pollution. doi: 10.15537/smj.2017.9.18545