부산대학교 도서관

To purchase or authenticate to the full-text of this article, please visit this link: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2052.2006.01461.x Byline: J. Canon (*), D. Garcia (*), M. A. Garcia-Atance (*), G. Obexer-Ruff ([dagger]), J. A. Lenstra ([double dagger]), P. Ajmone-Marsan (s.), S. Dunner (*) Keywords: Capra hircus; genetic diversity; goats; microsatellites; traditional breeds Abstract: Summary Thirty microsatellite markers were analysed in 1426 goats from 45 traditional or rare breeds in 15 European and Middle Eastern countries. In all populations inbreeding was indicated by heterozygosity deficiency (mean F.sub.IS = 0.10). Genetic differentiation between breeds was moderate with a mean F.sub.ST value of 0.07, but for most (c. 71%) northern and central European breeds, individuals could be assigned to their breeds with a success rate of more than 80%. Bayesian-based clustering analysis of allele frequencies and multivariate analysis revealed at least four discrete clusters: eastern Mediterranean (Middle East), central Mediterranean, western Mediterranean and central/northern Europe. About 41% of the genetic variability among the breeds could be explained by their geographical origin. A decrease in genetic diversity from the south-east to the north-west was accompanied by an increase in the level of differentiation at the breed level. These observations support the hypothesis that domestic livestock migrated from the Middle East towards western and northern Europe and indicate that breed formation was more systematic in north-central Europe than in the Middle East. We propose that breed differentiation and molecular diversity are independent criteria for conservation. Author Affiliation: (*)Department of Animal Production, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain ([dagger])Institute of Genetics, Veterinary Faculty, University of Berne, Berne, Switzerland ([double dagger])Institute of Risk Assessment Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yalelaan 2, 3584 CM Utrecht, The Netherlands (s.)Istituto di Zootecnica, Facolta di Agraria, Universita Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, Via Emilia Parmense, 84-29100 Piacenza, Italy ([paragraph])http://lasig.epfl.ch/projets/econogene/ Article History: Accepted for publication 23 March 2006 Article note: J. Canon, Department of Animal Production, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain., E-mail: jcanon@vet.ucm.es