학술논문
Konsenzus a návrh k algoritmu léčby – mechanická trombektomie u akutního mozkového infarktu
Konsenzus a návrh k algoritmu léčby – mechanická trombektomie u akutního mozkového infarktu : Výsledky intervenčních studií MR CLEAN, ESCAPE, SWIFT PRIME, EXTEND-IA, REVASCAT
Konsenzus a návrh k algoritmu léčby – mechanická trombektomie u akutního mozkového infarktu : Výsledky intervenčních studií MR CLEAN, ESCAPE, SWIFT PRIME, EXTEND-IA, REVASCAT
Document Type
TEXT
Author
Source
Česká a slovenská neurologie a neurochirurgie : časopis českých a slovenských neurologů a neurochirurgů | 2016 Volume:79-112 | Number:1
Subject
Language
Czech
English
English
Abstract
V cerebrovaskulární neurologii vůbec poprvé existují nezpochybnitelné důkazy o klinické efektivitě mechanické rekanalizace u akutního uzávěru mozkové tepny. Pět randomizovaných studií publikovaných v roce 2015 dokumentovalo nebývalý prospěch a bezpečnost mechanické rekanalizace. Jednalo se o studie: MR CLEAN, ESCAPE, SWIFT PRIME, EXTEND-IA a REVASCAT. Bylo prokázáno, že endovaskulární léčba výrazně snižuje morbiditu a mortalitu pacientů. Počet pacientů, kteří musí být léčeni, aby jeden pacient byl kompletně vyléčen, je ohromující – jen 3–7 pacientů. Věk a tíže deficitu nepředstavují vylučující kritérium (MR CLEAN, ESCAPE a EXTEND-IA bez věkového omezení; SWIFT PRIME od 18 do 80 let a REVASCAT od 18 do 85 let). Základním zobrazením byly dominantně nativní výpočetní tomografie (CT) a CT angiografie. Perfuzní metody byly využity pouze v EXTEND-IA a SWIFT PRIME. Cílem výkonů bylo dosažení reperfuze do 60 min od vpichu do třísla. Nezbytnou součástí studií byl systém hodnocení kvality výkonů. V tomto článku přinášíme výsledky uvedených studií, shrnujeme management během endovaskulární léčby (korekce krevního tlaku, použití anestézie, konkomitantní medikace) a navrhujeme možná indikační kritéria.
For the first time in cerebrovascular neurology there is an indisputable evidence of clinical effectiveness of mechanical recanalization in acute cerebral artery occlusion. Five randomized trials published in 2015 documented an unprecedented benefit and safety of endovascular thrombectomy. The particular trials were: MR CLEAN, ESCAPE, SWIFT PRIME, EXTEND-IA and REVASCAT. It has been proven that endovascular treatment reduces morbidity and mortality of patients significantly. The number needed to treat to result in one patient with good functional outcome was staggeringly low – only 3–7 patients. Age and deficit severity do not constitute exclusionary criteria (MR CLEAN, ESCAPE and EXTEND-IA without age restrictions; SWIFT PRIME between 18–80 years and REVASCAT between 18–85 years of age). The principal imaging methods were predominantly native CT and CT angiography. Perfusion methods were used in EXTEND-IA and SWIFT PRIME. The objective of endovascular treatment was to achieve reperfusion within 60 min after groin puncture. An essential part of the trials was a performance evaluation system. We provide information on the results of thrombectomy trials, summarize management during thrombectomy (correction of blood pressure, use of anesthesia, concomitant medication) and propose indication criteria. Key words: stroke – endovascular thrombectomy – neurointerventions – imaging – acute care management – quality monitoring The authors declare they have no potential conflicts of interest concerning drugs, products, or services used in the study. The Editorial Board declares that the manuscript met the ICMJE “uniform requirements” for biomedical papers.
O. Volný, A. Krajina, M. Bar, R. Herzig, D. Šaňák, A. Tomek, D. Školoudík, F. Charvát, D. Václavík, J. Neumann, O. Škoda, R. Mikulík
For the first time in cerebrovascular neurology there is an indisputable evidence of clinical effectiveness of mechanical recanalization in acute cerebral artery occlusion. Five randomized trials published in 2015 documented an unprecedented benefit and safety of endovascular thrombectomy. The particular trials were: MR CLEAN, ESCAPE, SWIFT PRIME, EXTEND-IA and REVASCAT. It has been proven that endovascular treatment reduces morbidity and mortality of patients significantly. The number needed to treat to result in one patient with good functional outcome was staggeringly low – only 3–7 patients. Age and deficit severity do not constitute exclusionary criteria (MR CLEAN, ESCAPE and EXTEND-IA without age restrictions; SWIFT PRIME between 18–80 years and REVASCAT between 18–85 years of age). The principal imaging methods were predominantly native CT and CT angiography. Perfusion methods were used in EXTEND-IA and SWIFT PRIME. The objective of endovascular treatment was to achieve reperfusion within 60 min after groin puncture. An essential part of the trials was a performance evaluation system. We provide information on the results of thrombectomy trials, summarize management during thrombectomy (correction of blood pressure, use of anesthesia, concomitant medication) and propose indication criteria. Key words: stroke – endovascular thrombectomy – neurointerventions – imaging – acute care management – quality monitoring The authors declare they have no potential conflicts of interest concerning drugs, products, or services used in the study. The Editorial Board declares that the manuscript met the ICMJE “uniform requirements” for biomedical papers.
O. Volný, A. Krajina, M. Bar, R. Herzig, D. Šaňák, A. Tomek, D. Školoudík, F. Charvát, D. Václavík, J. Neumann, O. Škoda, R. Mikulík