학술논문

Ensuring Stable Operation with Grid Codes: A Look at Canadian Wind Farm Interconnections
Document Type
Periodical
Source
IEEE Industry Applications Magazine IEEE Ind. Appl. Mag. Industry Applications Magazine, IEEE. 22(1):60-67 Jan, 2016
Subject
Power, Energy and Industry Applications
Signal Processing and Analysis
Components, Circuits, Devices and Systems
Computing and Processing
Wind turbines
Voltage control
Reactive power
Power system stability
Wind farms
Generators
Time-frequency analysis
Language
ISSN
1077-2618
1558-0598
Abstract
This article discusses windfarm electrical power system issues in grid codes. Grid codes are published by utilities and system operators to define the requirements for the interconnection of generation and other facilities to the grid. The purpose of the grid code requirements is to ensure reliability, stability, power quality, protection of equipment, and worker safety. These requirements are given at the point of interconnection (POI) with the transmission or distribution system and are different depending on the sizes and types of generation. Grid codes can cover a broad range of requirements, from continuous operational constraints to behavior during contingencies such as faults, and they vary considerably based on the issuer, their country or region, and the type of transmission or distribution system. Manufacturer specifications for wind turbines are generally given on a per-turbine basis at the collector system voltage. When a wind farm is proposed, an initial assessment is made of the suitability of the wind turbines to the system. Studies that evaluate system performance and conformance with the grid code are performed of the grid and wind farm(s) being considered. Finally, tests and measurements during and after commissioning verify conformance of the wind farm to the applicable grid code.