학술논문
First Constraints on the Epoch of Reionization Using the non-Gaussianity of the Kinematic Sunyaev-Zel{'}dovich Effect from the South Pole Telescope and {\it Herschel}-SPIRE Observations
Document Type
Working Paper
Author
Raghunathan, S.; Ade, P. A. R.; Anderson, A. J.; Ansarinejad, B.; Archipley, M.; Austermann, J. E.; Balkenhol, L.; Beall, J. A.; Benabed, K.; Bender, A. N.; Benson, B. A.; Bianchini, F.; Bleem, L. E.; Bock, J.; Bouchet, F. R.; Bryant, L.; Camphuis, E.; Carlstrom, J. E.; Cecil, T. W.; Chang, C. L.; Chaubal, P.; Chiang, H. C.; Chichura, P. M.; Chou, T. -L.; Citron, R.; Coerver, A.; Crawford, T. M.; Crites, A. T.; Cukierman, A.; Daley, C.; Dibert, K. R.; Dobbs, M. A.; Doussot, A.; Dutcher, D.; Everett, W.; Feng, C.; Ferguson, K. R.; Fichman, K.; Foster, A.; Galli, S.; Gallicchio, J.; Gambrel, A. E.; Gardner, R. W.; Ge, F.; George, E. M.; Goeckner-Wald, N.; Gualtieri, R.; Guidi, F.; Guns, S.; Gupta, N.; de Haan, T.; Halverson, N. W.; Hivon, E.; Holder, G. P.; Holzapfel, W. L.; Hood, J. C.; Hrubes, J. D.; Hryciuk, A.; Huang, N.; Hubmayr, J.; Irwin, K. D.; Kéruzoré, F.; Knox, L.; Korman, M.; Kornoelje, K.; Kuo, C. -L.; Lee, A. T.; Levy, K.; Li, D.; Lowitz, A. E.; Lu, C.; Maniyar, A.; McMahon, J. J.; Menanteau, F.; Millea, M.; Montgomery, J.; Moran, C. Corbett; Nakato, Y.; Natoli, T.; Nibarger, J. P.; Noble, G. I.; Novosad, V.; Omori, Y.; Padin, S.; Pan, Z.; Paschos, P.; Patil, S.; Phadke, K. A.; Prabhu, K.; Pryke, C.; Quan, W.; Rahimi, M.; Rahlin, A.; Reichardt, C. L.; Rouble, M.; Ruhl, J. E.; Saliwanchik, B. R.; Schaffer, K. K.; Schiappucci, E.; Sievers, C.; Smecher, G.; Sobrin, J. A.; Stark, A. A.; Stephen, J.; Suzuki, A.; Tandoi, C.; Thompson, K. L.; Thorne, B.; Trendafilova, C.; Tucker, C.; Umilta, C.; Veach, T.; Vieira, J. D.; Viero, M. P.; Wan, Y.; Wang, G.; Whitehorn, N.; Wu, W. L. K.; Yefremenko, V.; Young, M. R.; Zebrowski, J. A.; Zemcov, M.
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Abstract
We report results from an analysis aimed at detecting the trispectrum of the kinematic Sunyaev-Zel{'}dovich (kSZ) effect by combining data from the South Pole Telescope (SPT) and {\it Herschel}-SPIRE experiments over a 100 ${\rm deg}^{2}$ field. The SPT observations combine data from the previous and current surveys, namely SPTpol and SPT-3G, to achieve depths of 4.5, 3, and 16 $\mu {\rm K-arcmin}$ in bands centered at 95, 150, and 220 GHz. For SPIRE, we include data from the 600 and 857 GHz bands. We reconstruct the velocity-induced large-scale correlation of the small-scale kSZ signal with a quadratic estimator that uses two cosmic microwave background (CMB) temperature maps, constructed by optimally combining data from all the frequency bands. We reject the null hypothesis of a zero trispectrum at $10.3\sigma$ level. However, the measured trispectrum contains contributions from both the kSZ and other undesired components, such as CMB lensing and astrophysical foregrounds, with kSZ being sub-dominant. We use the \textsc{Agora} simulations to estimate the expected signal from CMB lensing and astrophysical foregrounds. After accounting for the contributions from CMB lensing and foreground signals, we do not detect an excess kSZ-only trispectrum and use this non-detection to set constraints on reionization. By applying a prior based on observations of the Gunn-Peterson trough, we obtain an upper limit on the duration of reionization of $\Delta z_{\rm re, 50} < 4.5$ (95\% C.L). We find these constraints are fairly robust to foregrounds assumptions. This trispectrum measurement is independent of, but consistent with, {\it Planck}'s optical depth measurement. This result is the first constraint on the epoch of reionization using the non-Gaussian nature of the kSZ signal.
Comment: 15 pages, 5 figures (3 in main text and 2 in Appendix); To be submitted to PRL; Comments welcome; Data products and plotting scripts can be downloaded from https://github.com/sriniraghunathan/kSZ_4pt_SPT_SPIRE
Comment: 15 pages, 5 figures (3 in main text and 2 in Appendix); To be submitted to PRL; Comments welcome; Data products and plotting scripts can be downloaded from https://github.com/sriniraghunathan/kSZ_4pt_SPT_SPIRE