학술논문
SN 2023ixf in Messier 101: Photo-ionization of Dense, Close-in Circumstellar Material in a Nearby Type II Supernova
Document Type
Working Paper
Author
Jacobson-Galan, W. V.; Dessart, L.; Margutti, R.; Chornock, R.; Foley, R. J.; Kilpatrick, C. D.; Jones, D. O.; Taggart, K.; Angus, C. R.; Bhattacharjee, S.; Braff, L. A.; Brethauer, D.; Burgasser, A. J.; Cao, F.; Carlile, C. M.; Chambers, K. C.; Coulter, D. A.; Dominguez-Ruiz, E.; Dickinson, C. B.; de Boer, T.; Gagliano, A.; Gall, C.; Gao, H.; Gates, E. L.; Gomez, S.; Guolo, M.; Halford, M. R. J.; Hjorth, J.; Huber, M. E.; Johnson, M. N.; Karpoor, P. R.; Laskar, T.; LeBaron, N; Li, Z.; Lin, Y.; Loch, S. D.; Lynam, P. D.; Magnier, E. A.; Maloney, P.; Matthews, D. J.; McDonald, M.; Miao, H. -Y.; Milisavljevic, D.; Pan, Y. -C.; Pradyumna, S.; Ransome, C. L.; Rees, J. M.; Rest, A.; Rojas-Bravo, C.; Sandford, N. R.; Ascencio, L. Sandoval; Sanjaripour, S.; Savino, A.; Sears, H.; Sharei, N.; Smartt, S. J.; Softich, E. R.; Theissen, C. A.; Tinyanont, S.; Tohfa, H.; Villar, V. A.; Wang, Q.; Wainscoat, R. J.; Westerling, A. L.; Wiston, E.; Wozniak, M. A.; Yadavalli, S. K.; Zenati, Y.
Source
Subject
Language
Abstract
We present UV/optical observations and models of supernova (SN) 2023ixf, a type II SN located in Messier 101 at 6.9 Mpc. Early-time ("flash") spectroscopy of SN 2023ixf, obtained primarily at Lick Observatory, reveals emission lines of H I, He I/II, C IV, and N III/IV/V with a narrow core and broad, symmetric wings arising from the photo-ionization of dense, close-in circumstellar material (CSM) located around the progenitor star prior to shock breakout. These electron-scattering broadened line profiles persist for $\sim$8 days with respect to first light, at which time Doppler broadened features from the fastest SN ejecta form, suggesting a reduction in CSM density at $r \gtrsim 10^{15}$ cm. The early-time light curve of SN2023ixf shows peak absolute magnitudes (e.g., $M_{u} = -18.6$ mag, $M_{g} = -18.4$ mag) that are $\gtrsim 2$ mag brighter than typical type II supernovae, this photometric boost also being consistent with the shock power supplied from CSM interaction. Comparison of SN 2023ixf to a grid of light curve and multi-epoch spectral models from the non-LTE radiative transfer code CMFGEN and the radiation-hydrodynamics code HERACLES suggests dense, solar-metallicity, CSM confined to $r = (0.5-1) \times 10^{15}$ cm and a progenitor mass-loss rate of $\dot{M} = 10^{-2}$ M$_{\odot}$yr$^{-1}$. For the assumed progenitor wind velocity of $v_w = 50$ km s$^{-1}$, this corresponds to enhanced mass-loss (i.e., ``super-wind'' phase) during the last $\sim$3-6 years before explosion.
Comment: 19 pages, 8 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJL
Comment: 19 pages, 8 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJL