학술논문

Arrival Directions of Cosmic Rays above 32 EeV from Phase One of the Pierre Auger Observatory
Document Type
Working Paper
Author
The Pierre Auger CollaborationAbreu, P.Aglietta, M.Albury, J. M.Allekotte, I.Cheminant, K. AlmeidaAlmela, A.Alvarez-Muñiz, J.Batista, R. AlvesYebra, J. AmmermanAnastasi, G. A.Anchordoqui, L.Andrada, B.Andringa, S.Aramo, C.Ferreira, P. R. AraújoArnone, E.Velázquez, J. C. ArteagaAsorey, H.Assis, P.Avila, G.Avocone, E.Badescu, A. M.Bakalova, A.Balaceanu, A.Barbato, F.Bellido, J. A.Berat, C.Bertaina, M. E.Bhatta, G.Biermann, P. L.Binet, V.Bismark, K.Bister, T.Biteau, J.Blazek, J.Bleve, C.Blümer, J.Boháčová, M.Boncioli, D.Bonifazi, C.Arbeletche, L. BonneauBorodai, N.Botti, A. M.Brack, J.Bretz, T.Orchera, P. G. BrichettoBriechle, F. L.Buchholz, P.Bueno, A.Buitink, S.Buscemi, M.Büsken, M.Caballero-Mora, K. S.Caccianiga, L.Canfora, F.Caracas, I.Caruso, R.Castellina, A.Catalani, F.Cataldi, G.Cazon, L.Cerda, M.Chinellato, J. A.Chudoba, J.Chytka, L.Clay, R. W.Cerutti, A. C. CobosColalillo, R.Coleman, A.Coluccia, M. R.Conceição, R.Condorelli, A.Consolati, G.Contreras, F.Convenga, F.Santos, D. Correia dosCovault, C. E.Dasso, S.Daumiller, K.Dawson, B. R.Day, J. A.de Almeida, R. M.de Jesús, J.de Jong, S. J.Neto, J. R. T. de MelloDe Mitri, I.de Oliveira, J.Franco, D. de Oliveirade Palma, F.de Souza, V.De Vito, E.Del Popolo, A.del Río, M.Deligny, O.Deval, L.di Matteo, A.Dobre, M.Dobrigkeit, C.D'Olivo, J. C.Mendes, L. M. DominguesAnjos, R. C. dosDova, M. T.Ebr, J.Engel, R.Epicoco, I.Erdmann, M.Escobar, C. O.Etchegoyen, A.Falcke, H.Farmer, J.Farrar, G.Fauth, A. C.Fazzini, N.Feldbusch, F.Fenu, F.Fick, B.Figueira, J. M.Filipčič, A.Fitoussi, T.Fodran, T.Fujii, T.Fuster, A.Galea, C.Galelli, C.García, B.Gemmeke, H.Gesualdi, F.Gherghel-Lascu, A.Ghia, P. L.Giaccari, U.Giammarchi, M.Glombitza, J.Gobbi, F.Gollan, F.Golup, G.Berisso, M. GómezVitale, P. F. GómezGongora, J. P.González, J. M.González, N.Goos, I.Góra, D.Gorgi, A.Gottowik, M.Grubb, T. D.Guarino, F.Guedes, G. P.Guido, E.Hahn, S.Hamal, P.Hampel, M. R.Hansen, P.Harari, D.Harvey, V. M.Haungs, A.Hebbeker, T.Heck, D.Hill, G. C.Hojvat, C.Hörandel, J. R.Horvath, P.Hrabovský, M.Huege, T.Insolia, A.Isar, P. G.Janecek, P.Johnsen, J. A.Jurysek, J.Kääpä, A.Kampert, K. H.Keilhauer, B.Khakurdikar, A.Covilakam, V. V. KizakkeKlages, H. O.Kleifges, M.Kleinfeller, J.Knapp, F.Kunka, N.Lago, B. L.Langner, N.de Oliveira, M. A. LeiguiLenok, V.Letessier-Selvon, A.Lhenry-Yvon, I.Presti, D. LoLopes, L.López, R.Lu, L.Luce, Q.Lundquist, J. P.Payeras, A. MachadoMancarella, G.Mandat, D.Manning, B. C.Manshanden, J.Mantsch, P.Marafico, S.Mariani, F. M.Mariazzi, A. G.Mariş, I. C.Marsella, G.Martello, D.Martinelli, S.Bravo, O. MartínezMastrodicasa, M.Mathes, H. J.Matthews, J.Matthiae, G.Mayotte, E.Mayotte, S.Mazur, P. O.Medina-Tanco, G.Melo, D.Menshikov, A.Michal, S.Micheletti, M. I.Miramonti, L.Mollerach, S.Montanet, F.Morejon, L.Morello, C.Mostafá, M.Müller, A. L.Muller, M. A.Mulrey, K.Mussa, R.Muzio, M.Namasaka, W. M.Nasr-Esfahani, A.Nellen, L.Nicora, G.Niculescu-Oglinzanu, M.Niechciol, M.Nitz, D.Norwood, I.Nosek, D.Novotny, V.Nožka, L.Nucita, ANúñez, L. A.Oliveira, C.Palatka, M.Pallotta, J.Papenbreer, P.Parente, G.Parra, A.Pawlowsky, J.Pech, M.Pękala, J.Pelayo, R.Peña-Rodriguez, J.Martins, E. E. PereiraArmand, J. PerezBertolli, C. PérezPerrone, L.Petrera, S.Petrucci, C.Pierog, T.Pimenta, M.Pirronello, V.Platino, M.Pont, B.Pothast, M.Privitera, P.Prouza, M.Puyleart, A.Querchfeld, S.Rautenberg, J.Ravignani, D.Reininghaus, M.Ridky, J.Riehn, F.Risse, M.Rizi, V.de Carvalho, W. RodriguesRojo, J. RodriguezRoncoroni, M. J.Rossoni, S.Roth, M.Roulet, E.Rovero, A. C.Ruehl, P.Saftoiu, A.Saharan, M.Salamida, F.Salazar, H.Salina, G.Gomez, J. D. SanabriaSánchez, F.Santos, E. M.Santos, E.Sarazin, F.Sarmento, R.Sato, R.Savina, P.Schäfer, C. M.Scherini, V.Schieler, H.Schimassek, M.Schimp, M.Schlüter, F.Schmidt, D.Scholten, O.Schoorlemmer, H.Schovánek, P.Schröder, F. G.Schulte, J.Schulz, T.Sciutto, S. J.Scornavacche, M.Segreto, A.Sehgal, S.Shellard, R. C.Sigl, G.Silli, G.Sima, O.Smau, R.Šmída, R.Sommers, P.Soriano, J. F.Squartini, R.Stadelmaier, M.Stanca, D.Stanič, S.Stasielak, J.Stassi, P.Straub, M.Streich, A.Suárez-Durán, M.Sudholz, T.Suomijärvi, T.Supanitsky, A. D.Szadkowski, Z.Tapia, A.Taricco, C.Timmermans, C.Tkachenko, O.Tobiska, P.Peixoto, C. J. ToderoTomé, B.Torrès, Z.Travaini, A.Travnicek, P.Trimarelli, C.Tueros, M.Ulrich, R.Unger, M.Vaclavek, L.Vacula, M.Galicia, J. F. ValdésValore, L.Varela, E.Vásquez-Ramírez, A.Veberič, D.Ventura, C.Quispe, I. D. VergaraVerzi, V.Vicha, J.Vink, J.Vorobiov, S.Wahlberg, H.Watanabe, C.Watson, A. A.Weindl, A.Wiencke, L.Wilczyński, H.Wittkowski, D.Wundheiler, B.Yushkov, A.Zapparrata, O.Zas, E.Zavrtanik, D.Zavrtanik, M.Zehrer, L.
Source
ApJ 935 170 (2022)
Subject
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Language
Abstract
A promising energy range to look for angular correlation between cosmic rays of extragalactic origin and their sources is at the highest energies, above few tens of EeV ($1\:{\rm EeV}\equiv 10^{18}\:$eV). Despite the flux of these particles being extremely low, the area of ${\sim}\:3{,}000 \: \text{km}^2$ covered at the Pierre Auger Observatory, and the 17-year data-taking period of the Phase 1 of its operations, have enabled us to measure the arrival directions of more than 2,600 ultra-high energy cosmic rays above $32\:\text{EeV}$. We publish this data set, the largest available at such energies from an integrated exposure of $122{,}000 \: \text{km}^2\:\text{sr}\:\text{yr}$, and search it for anisotropies over the $3.4\pi$ steradians covered with the Observatory. Evidence for a deviation in excess of isotropy at intermediate angular scale, with ${\sim}\:15^\circ$ Gaussian spread or ${\sim}\:25^\circ$ top-hat radius, is obtained at the $4\:\sigma$ significance level for cosmic-ray energies above ${\sim}\:40\:\text{EeV}$.
Comment: Published version, 33 pages, 10 figures. Dataset and analysis software available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6504276