학술논문

Measurement of the average shape of longitudinal profiles of cosmic-ray air showers at the Pierre Auger Observatory
Document Type
Working Paper
Author
The Pierre Auger CollaborationAab, A.Abreu, P.Aglietta, M.Albuquerque, I. F. M.Albury, J. M.Allekotte, I.Almela, A.Castillo, J. Alvarezez-Muñiz, J. AlvarAnastasi, G. A.Anchordoqui, L.Andrada, B.Andringa, S.Aramo, C.Asorey, H.Assis, P.Avila, G.Badescu, A. M.Bakalova, A.Balaceanu, A.Barbato, F.Luz, R. J. BarreiraBaur, S.Becker, K. H.Bellido, J. A.Berat, C.Bertaina, M. E.Bertou, X.Biermann, P. L.Biteau, J.Blaess, S. G.Blanco, A.Blazek, J.Bleve, C.Boháčová, M.Boncioli, D.Bonifazi, C.Borodai, N.Botti, A. M.Brack, J.Bretz, T.Bridgeman, A.Briechle, F. L.Buchholz, P.Bueno, A.Buitink, S.Buscemi, M.Caballero-Mora, K. S.Caccianiga, L.Calcagni, L.Cancio, A.Canfora, F.Carceller, J. M.Caruso, R.Castellina, A.talani, F. CaCataldi, G.Cazon, L.Chinellato, J. A.Chudoba, J.Chytka, L.Clay, R. W.Cerutti, A. C. CobosColalillo, R.Coleman, A.Coluccia, M. R.ição, R. ConceCondorelli, A.Consolati, G.Contreras, F.Cooper, M. J.Coutu, S.Covault, C. E.Daniel, B.Dasso, S.Daumiller, K.Dawson, B. R.Day, J. A.Almeida, R. M. d ede Jong, S. J.De Mauro, G.Neto, J. R. T. de MelloDe Mitri, I.de Oliveira, J.Salles, F. O. de Oliveirade Souza, V.Debatin, J.Deligny, O.Dhital, N.Castro, M. L. DíazDiogo, F.Dobrigkeit, C.D'Olivo, J. C.Dorosti, Q.Anjos, R. C. dosDova, M. T.Dundovic, A.Ebr, J.Engel, R.Erdmann, M.Escobar, C. O.Etchegoyen, A.Falcke, H.Farmer, J.Farrar, G.Fauth, A. C.Fazzini, N.Feldbusch, F.Fenu, F.Ferreyro, L. P.Figueira, J. M.č, A. FilipčiFreire, M. M.Fujii, T.Fuster, A.García, B.Gemmeke, H.Gherghel-Lascu, A.Ghia, P. L.Giaccari, U.Giammarchi, M.Giller, M.Głas, D.Glombitza, J.Golup, G.Berisso, M. GómezVitale, P. F. GómezGonzález, N.Goos, I.Góra, D.Gorgi, A.Gottowik, M.Grubb, T. D.Guarino, F.Guedes, G. P.Guido, E.Halliday, R.Hampel, M. R.Hansen, P.Harari, D.Harrison, T. A.Harvey, V. M.Haungs, A.Hebbeker, T.Heck, D.Heimann, P.Hill, G. C.Hojvat, C.lt, E. M. HoHomola, P.Hörandel, J. R.Horvath, P.Hrabovský, M.Huege, T.Hulsman, J.Insolia, A.Isar, P. G.Jandt, I.Johnsen, J. A.Josebachuili, M.ek, J. JurysKääpä, A.Kampert, K. H.Keilhauer, B.Kemmerich, N.Kemp, J.Klages, H. O.Kleifges, M.Kleinfeller, J.Krause, R.Kuempel, D.Mezek, G. KukecAwad, A. K uotbLago, B. L.LaHurd, D.Lang, R. G.Legumina, R.de Oliveira, M. A. LeiguiLenok, V.Letessier-Selvon, A.Lhenry-Yvon, I.Lippmann, O. C.Presti, D. LoLopes, L.López, R.Casado, A. LópezLorek, R.Luce, Q.Lucero, A.Malacari, M.Mancarella, G.Mandat, D.Manning, B. C.Mantsch, P.zzi, A. G. MariaMariş, I. C.Marsella, G.Martello, D.Martinez, H.Bravo, O. MartínezMastrodicasa, M.Mathes, H. J.Mathys, S.Matthews, J.Matthiae, G.te, E. MayotMazur, P. O.Medina-Tanco, G.Melo, D.Menshikov, A.Merenda, K. -D.Michal, S.Micheletti, M. I.Middendorf, L.Miramonti, L.Mitrica, B.Mockler, D.Mollerach, S.Montanet, F.Morello, C.Morlino, G.Mostafá, M.Müller, A. L.Muller, M. A.Müller, S.Mussa, R.Nellen, L.Nguyen, P. H.glinzanu, M. Niculescu-ONiechciol, M.Nitz, D.Nosek, D.Novotny, V.Nožka, L.Nucita, ANúñez, L. A.Olinto, A.Palatka, M.Pallotta, J.Panetta, M. P.Papenbreer, P.Parente, G.Parra, A.Pech, M.Pedreira, F.Pękala, J.Pelayo, R.Peña-Rodriguez, J.Pereira, L. A. S.Perlin, M.Perrone, L.Peters, C.Petrera, S.Phuntsok, J .Pierog, T.Pimenta, M.Pirronello, V.Platino, M.Poh, J.Pont, B.Porowski, C.Prado, R. R.Privitera, P.Prouza, M.Puyleart, A.hfeld, S. QuercQuinn, S.Ramos-Pollan, R.Rautenberg, J.Ravignani, D.Reininghaus, M.Ridky, J.Riehn, F.Risse, M.Ristori, P.Rizi, V.alho, W. Rodrigues de CarvRojo, J. RodriguezRoncoroni, M. J.Roth, M.Roulet, E.Rovero, A. C.Ruehl, P.Saffi, S. J.Saftoiu, A.Salamida, F.Salazar, H.Saleh, A.na, G. SaliGomez, J. D. SanabriaSánchez, F.Santos, E. M.Santos, E.Sarazin, F.Sarmento, R.Sarmiento-Cano, C.Sato, R.Savina, P.Schauer, M.Scherini, V.Schieler, H.Schimassek, M.Schimp, M.Schlüter, F.Schmidt, D.Scholten, O.Schovánek, P.Schröder, F. G.Schröder, S.Schumacher, J.Sciutto, S. J.Scornavacche, M.Shellard, R. C.Sigl, G.Silli, G.Sima, O.Šmída, R.Snow, G. R.Sommers, P.Soriano, J. F.Souchard, J.Squartini, R.Stanca, D.ič, S. StanStasielak, J.Stassi, P.Stolpovskiy, M.Streich, A.Suarez, F.Suárez-Durán, M.Sudholz, T.Suomijärvi, T.Supanitsky, A. D.Šupík, J.ki, Z. SzadkowsTaboada, A.Taborda, O. A.Tapia, A.Timmermans, C.Peixoto, C. J. ToderoTomé, B.Elipe, G. TorralbaTravnicek, P.Trini, M.Tueros, M.Ulrich, R.Unger, M.Urban, M.Galicia, J. F. ValdésValiño, I.Valore, L.van Bodegom, P.Berg, A. M. van denvan Vliet, A.Varela, E.Cárdenas, B. Vargaszquez, R. A. VáVeberič, D.Ventura, C.Quispe, I. D. VergaraVerzi, V.Vicha, J.Villaseñor, L.Vink, J.Vorobiov, S.Wahlberg, H.Watson, A. A.Weber, M.indl, A. WeWiedeński, M.Wiencke, L.Wilczyński, H.Winchen, T.Wirtz, M.Wittkowski, D.Wundheiler, B.Yang, L.Yushkov, A.Zas, E.Zavrtanik, D.anik, M. ZavrtZehrer, L.Zepeda, A.Zimmermann, B.Ziolkowski, M.Zong, Z.Zuccarello, F.
Source
JCAP03(2019)018
Subject
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Language
Abstract
The profile of the longitudinal development of showers produced by ultra-high energy cosmic rays carries information related to the interaction properties of the primary particles with atmospheric nuclei. In this work, we present the first measurement of the average shower profile in traversed atmospheric depth at the Pierre Auger Observatory. The shapes of profiles are well reproduced by the Gaisser-Hillas parametrization within the range studied, for E > 10^{17.8} eV. A detailed analysis of the systematic uncertainties is performed using 10 years of data and a full detector simulation. The average shape is quantified using two variables related to the width and asymmetry of the profile, and the results are compared with predictions of hadronic interaction models for different primary particles.
Comment: Published version, 20 pages, 6 figures, 2 tables