부산대학교 도서관

Many chemical processes depend non‐linearly on temperature. Gravity‐wave‐induced temperature perturbations have been shown to affect atmospheric chemistry, but accounting for this process in chemistry‐climate models has been a challenge because many gravity waves have scales smaller than the typical model resolution. Here, we present a method to account for subgrid‐scale orographic gravity‐wave‐induced temperature perturbations on the global scale for the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model. Temperature perturbation amplitudes T^ $\hat{T}$ consistent with the model's subgrid‐scale gravity wave parameterization are derived and then used as a sinusoidal temperature perturbation in the model's chemistry solver. Because of limitations in the parameterization, we explore scaling of T^ $\hat{T}$ between 0.6 and 1 based on comparisons to altitude‐dependent T^ $\hat{T}$ distributions of satellite and reanalysis data, where we discuss uncertainties. We probe the impact on the chemistry from the grid‐point to global scales, and show that the parameterization is able to represent mountain wave events as reported by previous literature. The gravity waves for example, lead to increased surface area densities of stratospheric aerosols. This increases chlorine activation, with impacts on the associated chemical composition. We obtain large local changes in some chemical species (e.g., active chlorine, NOx, N2O5) which are likely to be important for comparisons to airborne or satellite observations, but the changes to ozone loss are more modest. This approach enables the chemistry‐climate modeling community to account for subgrid‐scale gravity wave temperature perturbations interactively, consistent with the internal parameterizations and are expected to yield more realistic interactions and better representation of the chemistry. Plain Language Summary: Sub‐grid scale gravity waves have long been incorporated in the momentum budgets of global chemistry‐climate models using parameterizations, but their associated impacts on temperature dependent chemistry within the models have not been included in a self‐consistent way. Here we present an approach to modeling these chemical impacts in the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model. We obtain large local changes in some chemical species (e.g., active chlorine, NOx, N2O5) but smaller impacts on ozone. The approach can be expected to advance the ability of the chemistry‐climate modeling community to examine gravity wave effects on a wide range of chemical problems. Key Points: We present a method for estimating subgrid‐scale orographic gravity wave temperature perturbations on a global scaleThe distributions of these perturbations are compared with Constellation Observing System for Meteorology Ionosphere and Climate/Formosa Satellite 3 and ECMWF Reanalysis version 5 to estimate scaling factorsThese temperature perturbations impact stratospheric aerosols and chemistry particularly near the tropical tropopause and polar regions [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]