부산대학교 도서관

Chronic kidney disease is defined as kidney damage for more than 3 months, as defined by structural and functional abnormalities of the kidney with or without decreased GFR, manifested by either, Pathological abnormalities; or makers of kidney damage, including abnormalities in the composition of the blood or urine, abnormalities in imaging testing. GFR < 60ml/min/1.73 m2 for > 3 months, with or without kidney damage is also described as CKD Anxiety is an emotion characterized by feelings of tension, worried thoughts and physical changes like increased blood pressure. Depression is a mood disorder that causes a persistent feeling of sadness and loss of interest. Diabetes and high blood pressure, or hypertension, are responsible for two-thirds of chronic kidney disease cases. There are a few other conditions or circumstances that can cause kidney disease. Glomerulonephritis, autoimmune diseases and other causes: Obstructions caused by kidney stones or tumors can cause kidney damage. An enlarged prostate gland in men or repeated urinary infections can also cause kidney damage. Risk factors are diabetes, high blood pressure, family history of kidney failure, old age and ethnic groups, such as African Americans, Hispanic Americans, Asian, Pacific Islanders, and American Indians. Most people may not have any severe symptoms until their kidney disease is advanced. However, patient may feel more tired and have less energy, trouble in concentrating, a poor appetite and troubled sleep, muscle cramps at night, swollen feet and ankles, puffiness around eyes, especially in the morning, dry, itchy skin. Patient may need to urinate more often, especially at night. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]