학술논문
Psychostimulant use and the brain.
Document Type
Article
Author
Source
Subject
*BRAIN physiology
*STIMULANTS
*AMPHETAMINES
*ECSTASY (Drug)
*PSYCHOSES
*SEIZURES (Medicine)
*COGNITION disorders
*STROKE
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
Language
ISSN
0965-2140
Abstract
Psychostimulant users are typically young adults. We have conducted a narrative review of neuropsychiatric harms associated with the psychostimulants methamphetamine/amphetamine, cocaine and 3,4‐methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), focusing on epidemiological factors, common clinical presentations, underlying causal mechanisms and treatment options. The major neuropsychiatric harms of psychostimulant use are stroke, neurocognitive impairment, Parkinson's disease, seizures and psychotic illness. These arise through a combination of acute monoamine release, longer‐term neurotransmitter effects and indirect effects. These effects are moderated by factors in the individual and in the pattern of substance use. Neuropsychiatric harms associated with psychostimulant use can thus lead to severe long‐term impairment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]