학술논문
Nutritional adequacy according to carbohydrates and fat quality.
Document Type
Article
Author
Sánchez-Tainta, Ana; Zazpe, Itziar; Bes-Rastrollo, Maira; Salas-Salvadó, Jordi; Bullo, Mónica; Sorlí, José; Corella, Dolores; Covas, Mª; Arós, Fernando; Gutierrez-Bedmar, Mario; Fiol, Miquel; Corte, F.; Serra-Majem, Lluis; Pinto, Xavier; Schröeder, Helmut; Ros, Emilio; López-Sabater, M.; Estruch, Ramón; Martínez-González, Miguel
Source
Subject
*GERIATRIC nutrition
*ANALYSIS of variance
*CARDIOVASCULAR diseases risk factors
*CHI-squared test
*CLINICAL trials
*STATISTICAL correlation
*CARBOHYDRATE content of food
*FAT content of food
*FOOD quality
*MEDICAL cooperation
*PREVENTIVE medicine
*NUTRITIONAL assessment
*NUTRITION policy
*NUTRITIONAL requirements
*PROBABILITY theory
*QUESTIONNAIRES
*RESEARCH
*RESEARCH funding
*STATISTICAL sampling
*STATISTICAL hypothesis testing
*MICRONUTRIENTS
*LOGISTIC regression analysis
*BODY mass index
*RANDOMIZED controlled trials
*PHYSICAL activity
*DATA analysis software
*DESCRIPTIVE statistics
*MEDITERRANEAN diet
*NUTRITIONAL status
*OLD age
RESEARCH evaluation
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Language
ISSN
1436-6207
Abstract
Purpose: To investigate the association between carbohydrate quality, fat quality or adherence to the Mediterranean diet and intake adequacy of 19 micronutrients in the PREDIMED (PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea) trial, a multicenter, randomized, controlled, parallel group and primary prevention trial conducted in Spain. Methods: We assessed baseline dietary intake of 6,542 elderly subjects at high cardiovascular risk through a validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and a validated 14-item Mediterranean diet (Med-diet) score. We used a multidimensional carbohydrate quality index (CQI) using four criteria and a fat quality index (FQI) according to the ratio (MUFA + PUFA)/(SFA + TFA). The probability of intake adequacy was calculated comparing the intakes to DRI, and also using the probabilistic approach. Absolute and adjusted probability of having inadequate intake for either ≥6 DRI or ≥8 DRI were estimated to assess nutritional adequacy according to quintiles of each index. Results: The lowest prevalence of inadequate micronutrient intake (≥8 DRI) was found in the highest quintile of CQI or Med-diet score, and in the lowest quintile of FQI (adjusted fold risk: 1.4, 3.4 and 10.2 respectively in comparison with the lowest quintile). P for trend <0.001 in three multivariable models. A higher CQI or Med-Diet score and a lower FQI were significantly associated with a lower fold risk of unmet EAR values. Conclusions: A multidimensional assessment of CQI can be a useful tool to evaluate the quality of carbohydrates. This score and a 14-item Med-diet score were positively related to overall micronutrient adequacy in elderly participants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]