부산대학교 도서관

Coomarasamy, Arri; Devall, Adam J.; Cheed, Versha; Harb, Hoda; Middleton, Lee J.; Gallos, Ioannis D.; Williams, Helen; Eapen, Abey K.; Roberts, Tracy; Ogwulu, Chriscasimir C.; Goranitis, Ilias; Daniels, Jane P.; Ahmed, Amna; Bender-Atik, Ruth; Bhatia, Kalsang; Bottomley, Cecilia; Brewin, Jane; Choudhary, Meenakshi; Crosfill, Fiona; Deb, Shilpa; Duncan, W. Colin; Ewer, Andrew; Hinshaw, Kim; Holland, Tom; Izzat, Feras; Johns, Jemma; Kriedt, Kathiuska; Lumsden, Mary-Ann; Manda, Padma; Norman, Jane E.; Nunes, Natalie; Overton, Caroline E.; Quenby, Siobhan; Rao, Sandhya; Ross, Jackie; Shahid, Anupama; Underwood, Martyn; Vaithilingam, Nirmala; Watkins, Linda; Wykes, Catherine; Horne, Andrew; Jurkovic, Davor

Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey. Aug 01, 2019 74(8):478-479

Coomarasamy, Arri; Harb, Hoda M.; Devall, Adam J.; Cheed, Versha; Roberts, Tracy E.; Goranitis, Ilias; Ogwulu, Chidubem B.; Williams, Helen M.; Gallos, Ioannis D.; Eapen, Abey; Daniels, Jane P.; Ahmed, Amna; Bender-Atik, Ruth; Bhatia, Kalsang; Bottomley, Cecilia; Brewin, Jane; Choudhary, Meenakshi; Crosfill, Fiona; Deb, Shilpa; Duncan, W. Colin; Ewer, Andrew; Hinshaw, Kim; Holland, Thomas; Izzat, Feras; Johns, Jemma; Lumsden, Mary-Ann; Manda, Padma; Norman, Jane E.; Nunes, Natalie; Overton, Caroline E.; Kriedt, Kathiuska; Quenby, Siobhan; Rao, Sandhya; Ross, Jackie; Shahid, Anupama; Underwood, Martyn; Vaithilingham, Nirmala; Watkins, Linda; Wykes, Catherine; Horne, Andrew W.; Jurkovic, Davor; Middleton, Lee J.

HEALTH TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT; JUN 2020, 24 33, p1-p+, 73p.

Coomarasamy A; Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.; Harb HM; Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.; Devall AJ; Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.; Cheed V; Institute of Applied Health Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.; Roberts TE; Institute of Applied Health Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.; Goranitis I; Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.; Ogwulu CB; Institute of Applied Health Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.; Williams HM; Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.; Gallos ID; Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.; Eapen A; Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa Health Care, Iowa City, IA, USA.; Daniels JP; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.; Ahmed A; Sunderland Royal Hospital, City Hospitals Sunderland NHS Foundation Trust, Sunderland, UK.; Bender-Atik R; Miscarriage Association, Wakefield, UK.; Bhatia K; Burnley General Hospital, East Lancashire Hospitals NHS Trust, Burnley, UK.; Bottomley C; University College Hospital, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.; Brewin J; Tommy's, London, UK.; Choudhary M; Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.; Crosfill F; Royal Preston Hospital, Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Preston, UK.; Deb S; Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK.; Duncan WC; Medical Research Council Centre for Reproductive Health, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.; Ewer A; Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.; Hinshaw K; Sunderland Royal Hospital, City Hospitals Sunderland NHS Foundation Trust, Sunderland, UK.; Holland T; St Thomas' Hospital, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.; Izzat F; University Hospital Coventry, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, UK.; Johns J; King's College Hospital, King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.; Lumsden MA; Reproductive & Maternal Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.; Manda P; The James Cook University Hospital, South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesbrough, UK.; Norman JE; Medical Research Council Centre for Reproductive Health, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.; Nunes N; West Middlesex University Hospital, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Isleworth, UK.; Overton CE; St Michael's Hospital, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK.; Kriedt K; University College Hospital, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.; Quenby S; Biomedical Research Unit in Reproductive Health, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK.; Rao S; Whiston Hospital, St Helen's and Knowsley Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Prescot, UK.; Ross J; King's College Hospital, King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.; Shahid A; Whipps Cross Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK.; Underwood M; Princess Royal Hospital, Shrewsbury and Telford Hospital NHS Trust, Telford, UK.; Vaithilingham N; Queen Alexandra Hospital, Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Portsmouth, UK.; Watkins L; Liverpool Women's Hospital, Liverpool Women's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK.; Wykes C; East Surrey Hospital, Surrey and Sussex Healthcare NHS Trust, Redhill, UK.; Horne AW; Medical Research Council Centre for Reproductive Health, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.; Jurkovic D; University College Hospital, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.; Middleton LJ; Institute of Applied Health Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.

Publisher: NIHR Journals Library Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 9706284 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2046-4924 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 13665278 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Health Technol Assess Subsets: MEDLINE

Coomarasamy A; From Tommy's National Centre for Miscarriage Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham (A.C., A.J.D., V.C., H.H., L.J.M., I.D.G., H.W., A.K.E., T.R., C.C.O.), the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham (J.P.D.), and Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust (S.D.), Nottingham, City Hospitals Sunderland NHS Foundation Trust, Sunderland (A.A., K.H.), the Miscarriage Association, Wakefield (R.B.A.), East Lancashire Hospitals NHS Trust, Burnley (K.B.), Tommy's Charity (J.B.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (T.H.), King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust (J.J., J.R.), University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (K.K., D.J.), West Middlesex Hospital, Chelsea and Westminster NHS Foundation Trust (N.N., C.B.), and Barts and the London NHS Trust (A.S.), London, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle (M.C.), Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston (F.C.), the MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh (W.C.D., J.E.N., A.W.H.), Liverpool Women's NHS Foundation Trust (L.W.) and St. Helens and Knowsley NHS Trust (S.R.), Liverpool, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry (F.I.), the Department of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow (M.-A.L.), South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesbrough (P.M.), University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol (C.E.O.), the Biomedical Research Unit in Reproductive Health, University of Warwick, Warwick (S.Q.), Shrewsbury and Telford NHS Trust, Telford (M.U.), Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Portsmouth (N.V.), and Surrey and Sussex Healthcare NHS Trust, Redhill (C.W.) - all in the United Kingdom; the Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (I.G.); and the Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa Health Care, Iowa City (A.E.).; Devall AJ; From Tommy's National Centre for Miscarriage Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham (A.C., A.J.D., V.C., H.H., L.J.M., I.D.G., H.W., A.K.E., T.R., C.C.O.), the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham (J.P.D.), and Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust (S.D.), Nottingham, City Hospitals Sunderland NHS Foundation Trust, Sunderland (A.A., K.H.), the Miscarriage Association, Wakefield (R.B.A.), East Lancashire Hospitals NHS Trust, Burnley (K.B.), Tommy's Charity (J.B.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (T.H.), King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust (J.J., J.R.), University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (K.K., D.J.), West Middlesex Hospital, Chelsea and Westminster NHS Foundation Trust (N.N., C.B.), and Barts and the London NHS Trust (A.S.), London, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle (M.C.), Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston (F.C.), the MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh (W.C.D., J.E.N., A.W.H.), Liverpool Women's NHS Foundation Trust (L.W.) and St. Helens and Knowsley NHS Trust (S.R.), Liverpool, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry (F.I.), the Department of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow (M.-A.L.), South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesbrough (P.M.), University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol (C.E.O.), the Biomedical Research Unit in Reproductive Health, University of Warwick, Warwick (S.Q.), Shrewsbury and Telford NHS Trust, Telford (M.U.), Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Portsmouth (N.V.), and Surrey and Sussex Healthcare NHS Trust, Redhill (C.W.) - all in the United Kingdom; the Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (I.G.); and the Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa Health Care, Iowa City (A.E.).; Cheed V; From Tommy's National Centre for Miscarriage Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham (A.C., A.J.D., V.C., H.H., L.J.M., I.D.G., H.W., A.K.E., T.R., C.C.O.), the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham (J.P.D.), and Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust (S.D.), Nottingham, City Hospitals Sunderland NHS Foundation Trust, Sunderland (A.A., K.H.), the Miscarriage Association, Wakefield (R.B.A.), East Lancashire Hospitals NHS Trust, Burnley (K.B.), Tommy's Charity (J.B.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (T.H.), King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust (J.J., J.R.), University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (K.K., D.J.), West Middlesex Hospital, Chelsea and Westminster NHS Foundation Trust (N.N., C.B.), and Barts and the London NHS Trust (A.S.), London, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle (M.C.), Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston (F.C.), the MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh (W.C.D., J.E.N., A.W.H.), Liverpool Women's NHS Foundation Trust (L.W.) and St. Helens and Knowsley NHS Trust (S.R.), Liverpool, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry (F.I.), the Department of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow (M.-A.L.), South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesbrough (P.M.), University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol (C.E.O.), the Biomedical Research Unit in Reproductive Health, University of Warwick, Warwick (S.Q.), Shrewsbury and Telford NHS Trust, Telford (M.U.), Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Portsmouth (N.V.), and Surrey and Sussex Healthcare NHS Trust, Redhill (C.W.) - all in the United Kingdom; the Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (I.G.); and the Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa Health Care, Iowa City (A.E.).; Harb H; From Tommy's National Centre for Miscarriage Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham (A.C., A.J.D., V.C., H.H., L.J.M., I.D.G., H.W., A.K.E., T.R., C.C.O.), the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham (J.P.D.), and Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust (S.D.), Nottingham, City Hospitals Sunderland NHS Foundation Trust, Sunderland (A.A., K.H.), the Miscarriage Association, Wakefield (R.B.A.), East Lancashire Hospitals NHS Trust, Burnley (K.B.), Tommy's Charity (J.B.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (T.H.), King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust (J.J., J.R.), University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (K.K., D.J.), West Middlesex Hospital, Chelsea and Westminster NHS Foundation Trust (N.N., C.B.), and Barts and the London NHS Trust (A.S.), London, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle (M.C.), Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston (F.C.), the MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh (W.C.D., J.E.N., A.W.H.), Liverpool Women's NHS Foundation Trust (L.W.) and St. Helens and Knowsley NHS Trust (S.R.), Liverpool, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry (F.I.), the Department of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow (M.-A.L.), South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesbrough (P.M.), University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol (C.E.O.), the Biomedical Research Unit in Reproductive Health, University of Warwick, Warwick (S.Q.), Shrewsbury and Telford NHS Trust, Telford (M.U.), Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Portsmouth (N.V.), and Surrey and Sussex Healthcare NHS Trust, Redhill (C.W.) - all in the United Kingdom; the Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (I.G.); and the Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa Health Care, Iowa City (A.E.).; Middleton LJ; From Tommy's National Centre for Miscarriage Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham (A.C., A.J.D., V.C., H.H., L.J.M., I.D.G., H.W., A.K.E., T.R., C.C.O.), the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham (J.P.D.), and Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust (S.D.), Nottingham, City Hospitals Sunderland NHS Foundation Trust, Sunderland (A.A., K.H.), the Miscarriage Association, Wakefield (R.B.A.), East Lancashire Hospitals NHS Trust, Burnley (K.B.), Tommy's Charity (J.B.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (T.H.), King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust (J.J., J.R.), University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (K.K., D.J.), West Middlesex Hospital, Chelsea and Westminster NHS Foundation Trust (N.N., C.B.), and Barts and the London NHS Trust (A.S.), London, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle (M.C.), Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston (F.C.), the MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh (W.C.D., J.E.N., A.W.H.), Liverpool Women's NHS Foundation Trust (L.W.) and St. Helens and Knowsley NHS Trust (S.R.), Liverpool, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry (F.I.), the Department of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow (M.-A.L.), South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesbrough (P.M.), University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol (C.E.O.), the Biomedical Research Unit in Reproductive Health, University of Warwick, Warwick (S.Q.), Shrewsbury and Telford NHS Trust, Telford (M.U.), Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Portsmouth (N.V.), and Surrey and Sussex Healthcare NHS Trust, Redhill (C.W.) - all in the United Kingdom; the Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (I.G.); and the Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa Health Care, Iowa City (A.E.).; Gallos ID; From Tommy's National Centre for Miscarriage Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham (A.C., A.J.D., V.C., H.H., L.J.M., I.D.G., H.W., A.K.E., T.R., C.C.O.), the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham (J.P.D.), and Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust (S.D.), Nottingham, City Hospitals Sunderland NHS Foundation Trust, Sunderland (A.A., K.H.), the Miscarriage Association, Wakefield (R.B.A.), East Lancashire Hospitals NHS Trust, Burnley (K.B.), Tommy's Charity (J.B.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (T.H.), King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust (J.J., J.R.), University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (K.K., D.J.), West Middlesex Hospital, Chelsea and Westminster NHS Foundation Trust (N.N., C.B.), and Barts and the London NHS Trust (A.S.), London, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle (M.C.), Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston (F.C.), the MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh (W.C.D., J.E.N., A.W.H.), Liverpool Women's NHS Foundation Trust (L.W.) and St. Helens and Knowsley NHS Trust (S.R.), Liverpool, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry (F.I.), the Department of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow (M.-A.L.), South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesbrough (P.M.), University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol (C.E.O.), the Biomedical Research Unit in Reproductive Health, University of Warwick, Warwick (S.Q.), Shrewsbury and Telford NHS Trust, Telford (M.U.), Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Portsmouth (N.V.), and Surrey and Sussex Healthcare NHS Trust, Redhill (C.W.) - all in the United Kingdom; the Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (I.G.); and the Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa Health Care, Iowa City (A.E.).; Williams H; From Tommy's National Centre for Miscarriage Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham (A.C., A.J.D., V.C., H.H., L.J.M., I.D.G., H.W., A.K.E., T.R., C.C.O.), the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham (J.P.D.), and Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust (S.D.), Nottingham, City Hospitals Sunderland NHS Foundation Trust, Sunderland (A.A., K.H.), the Miscarriage Association, Wakefield (R.B.A.), East Lancashire Hospitals NHS Trust, Burnley (K.B.), Tommy's Charity (J.B.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (T.H.), King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust (J.J., J.R.), University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (K.K., D.J.), West Middlesex Hospital, Chelsea and Westminster NHS Foundation Trust (N.N., C.B.), and Barts and the London NHS Trust (A.S.), London, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle (M.C.), Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston (F.C.), the MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh (W.C.D., J.E.N., A.W.H.), Liverpool Women's NHS Foundation Trust (L.W.) and St. Helens and Knowsley NHS Trust (S.R.), Liverpool, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry (F.I.), the Department of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow (M.-A.L.), South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesbrough (P.M.), University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol (C.E.O.), the Biomedical Research Unit in Reproductive Health, University of Warwick, Warwick (S.Q.), Shrewsbury and Telford NHS Trust, Telford (M.U.), Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Portsmouth (N.V.), and Surrey and Sussex Healthcare NHS Trust, Redhill (C.W.) - all in the United Kingdom; the Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (I.G.); and the Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa Health Care, Iowa City (A.E.).; Eapen AK; From Tommy's National Centre for Miscarriage Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham (A.C., A.J.D., V.C., H.H., L.J.M., I.D.G., H.W., A.K.E., T.R., C.C.O.), the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham (J.P.D.), and Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust (S.D.), Nottingham, City Hospitals Sunderland NHS Foundation Trust, Sunderland (A.A., K.H.), the Miscarriage Association, Wakefield (R.B.A.), East Lancashire Hospitals NHS Trust, Burnley (K.B.), Tommy's Charity (J.B.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (T.H.), King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust (J.J., J.R.), University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (K.K., D.J.), West Middlesex Hospital, Chelsea and Westminster NHS Foundation Trust (N.N., C.B.), and Barts and the London NHS Trust (A.S.), London, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle (M.C.), Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston (F.C.), the MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh (W.C.D., J.E.N., A.W.H.), Liverpool Women's NHS Foundation Trust (L.W.) and St. Helens and Knowsley NHS Trust (S.R.), Liverpool, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry (F.I.), the Department of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow (M.-A.L.), South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesbrough (P.M.), University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol (C.E.O.), the Biomedical Research Unit in Reproductive Health, University of Warwick, Warwick (S.Q.), Shrewsbury and Telford NHS Trust, Telford (M.U.), Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Portsmouth (N.V.), and Surrey and Sussex Healthcare NHS Trust, Redhill (C.W.) - all in the United Kingdom; the Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (I.G.); and the Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa Health Care, Iowa City (A.E.).; Roberts T; From Tommy's National Centre for Miscarriage Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham (A.C., A.J.D., V.C., H.H., L.J.M., I.D.G., H.W., A.K.E., T.R., C.C.O.), the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham (J.P.D.), and Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust (S.D.), Nottingham, City Hospitals Sunderland NHS Foundation Trust, Sunderland (A.A., K.H.), the Miscarriage Association, Wakefield (R.B.A.), East Lancashire Hospitals NHS Trust, Burnley (K.B.), Tommy's Charity (J.B.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (T.H.), King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust (J.J., J.R.), University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (K.K., D.J.), West Middlesex Hospital, Chelsea and Westminster NHS Foundation Trust (N.N., C.B.), and Barts and the London NHS Trust (A.S.), London, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle (M.C.), Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston (F.C.), the MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh (W.C.D., J.E.N., A.W.H.), Liverpool Women's NHS Foundation Trust (L.W.) and St. Helens and Knowsley NHS Trust (S.R.), Liverpool, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry (F.I.), the Department of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow (M.-A.L.), South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesbrough (P.M.), University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol (C.E.O.), the Biomedical Research Unit in Reproductive Health, University of Warwick, Warwick (S.Q.), Shrewsbury and Telford NHS Trust, Telford (M.U.), Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Portsmouth (N.V.), and Surrey and Sussex Healthcare NHS Trust, Redhill (C.W.) - all in the United Kingdom; the Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (I.G.); and the Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa Health Care, Iowa City (A.E.).; Ogwulu CC; From Tommy's National Centre for Miscarriage Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham (A.C., A.J.D., V.C., H.H., L.J.M., I.D.G., H.W., A.K.E., T.R., C.C.O.), the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham (J.P.D.), and Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust (S.D.), Nottingham, City Hospitals Sunderland NHS Foundation Trust, Sunderland (A.A., K.H.), the Miscarriage Association, Wakefield (R.B.A.), East Lancashire Hospitals NHS Trust, Burnley (K.B.), Tommy's Charity (J.B.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (T.H.), King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust (J.J., J.R.), University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (K.K., D.J.), West Middlesex Hospital, Chelsea and Westminster NHS Foundation Trust (N.N., C.B.), and Barts and the London NHS Trust (A.S.), London, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle (M.C.), Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston (F.C.), the MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh (W.C.D., J.E.N., A.W.H.), Liverpool Women's NHS Foundation Trust (L.W.) and St. Helens and Knowsley NHS Trust (S.R.), Liverpool, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry (F.I.), the Department of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow (M.-A.L.), South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesbrough (P.M.), University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol (C.E.O.), the Biomedical Research Unit in Reproductive Health, University of Warwick, Warwick (S.Q.), Shrewsbury and Telford NHS Trust, Telford (M.U.), Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Portsmouth (N.V.), and Surrey and Sussex Healthcare NHS Trust, Redhill (C.W.) - all in the United Kingdom; the Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (I.G.); and the Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa Health Care, Iowa City (A.E.).; Goranitis I; From Tommy's National Centre for Miscarriage Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham (A.C., A.J.D., V.C., H.H., L.J.M., I.D.G., H.W., A.K.E., T.R., C.C.O.), the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham (J.P.D.), and Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust (S.D.), Nottingham, City Hospitals Sunderland NHS Foundation Trust, Sunderland (A.A., K.H.), the Miscarriage Association, Wakefield (R.B.A.), East Lancashire Hospitals NHS Trust, Burnley (K.B.), Tommy's Charity (J.B.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (T.H.), King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust (J.J., J.R.), University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (K.K., D.J.), West Middlesex Hospital, Chelsea and Westminster NHS Foundation Trust (N.N., C.B.), and Barts and the London NHS Trust (A.S.), London, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle (M.C.), Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston (F.C.), the MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh (W.C.D., J.E.N., A.W.H.), Liverpool Women's NHS Foundation Trust (L.W.) and St. Helens and Knowsley NHS Trust (S.R.), Liverpool, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry (F.I.), the Department of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow (M.-A.L.), South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesbrough (P.M.), University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol (C.E.O.), the Biomedical Research Unit in Reproductive Health, University of Warwick, Warwick (S.Q.), Shrewsbury and Telford NHS Trust, Telford (M.U.), Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Portsmouth (N.V.), and Surrey and Sussex Healthcare NHS Trust, Redhill (C.W.) - all in the United Kingdom; the Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (I.G.); and the Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa Health Care, Iowa City (A.E.).; Daniels JP; From Tommy's National Centre for Miscarriage Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham (A.C., A.J.D., V.C., H.H., L.J.M., I.D.G., H.W., A.K.E., T.R., C.C.O.), the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham (J.P.D.), and Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust (S.D.), Nottingham, City Hospitals Sunderland NHS Foundation Trust, Sunderland (A.A., K.H.), the Miscarriage Association, Wakefield (R.B.A.), East Lancashire Hospitals NHS Trust, Burnley (K.B.), Tommy's Charity (J.B.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (T.H.), King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust (J.J., J.R.), University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (K.K., D.J.), West Middlesex Hospital, Chelsea and Westminster NHS Foundation Trust (N.N., C.B.), and Barts and the London NHS Trust (A.S.), London, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle (M.C.), Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston (F.C.), the MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh (W.C.D., J.E.N., A.W.H.), Liverpool Women's NHS Foundation Trust (L.W.) and St. Helens and Knowsley NHS Trust (S.R.), Liverpool, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry (F.I.), the Department of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow (M.-A.L.), South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesbrough (P.M.), University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol (C.E.O.), the Biomedical Research Unit in Reproductive Health, University of Warwick, Warwick (S.Q.), Shrewsbury and Telford NHS Trust, Telford (M.U.), Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Portsmouth (N.V.), and Surrey and Sussex Healthcare NHS Trust, Redhill (C.W.) - all in the United Kingdom; the Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (I.G.); and the Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa Health Care, Iowa City (A.E.).; Ahmed A; From Tommy's National Centre for Miscarriage Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham (A.C., A.J.D., V.C., H.H., L.J.M., I.D.G., H.W., A.K.E., T.R., C.C.O.), the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham (J.P.D.), and Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust (S.D.), Nottingham, City Hospitals Sunderland NHS Foundation Trust, Sunderland (A.A., K.H.), the Miscarriage Association, Wakefield (R.B.A.), East Lancashire Hospitals NHS Trust, Burnley (K.B.), Tommy's Charity (J.B.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (T.H.), King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust (J.J., J.R.), University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (K.K., D.J.), West Middlesex Hospital, Chelsea and Westminster NHS Foundation Trust (N.N., C.B.), and Barts and the London NHS Trust (A.S.), London, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle (M.C.), Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston (F.C.), the MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh (W.C.D., J.E.N., A.W.H.), Liverpool Women's NHS Foundation Trust (L.W.) and St. Helens and Knowsley NHS Trust (S.R.), Liverpool, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry (F.I.), the Department of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow (M.-A.L.), South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesbrough (P.M.), University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol (C.E.O.), the Biomedical Research Unit in Reproductive Health, University of Warwick, Warwick (S.Q.), Shrewsbury and Telford NHS Trust, Telford (M.U.), Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Portsmouth (N.V.), and Surrey and Sussex Healthcare NHS Trust, Redhill (C.W.) - all in the United Kingdom; the Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (I.G.); and the Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa Health Care, Iowa City (A.E.).; Bender-Atik R; From Tommy's National Centre for Miscarriage Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham (A.C., A.J.D., V.C., H.H., L.J.M., I.D.G., H.W., A.K.E., T.R., C.C.O.), the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham (J.P.D.), and Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust (S.D.), Nottingham, City Hospitals Sunderland NHS Foundation Trust, Sunderland (A.A., K.H.), the Miscarriage Association, Wakefield (R.B.A.), East Lancashire Hospitals NHS Trust, Burnley (K.B.), Tommy's Charity (J.B.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (T.H.), King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust (J.J., J.R.), University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (K.K., D.J.), West Middlesex Hospital, Chelsea and Westminster NHS Foundation Trust (N.N., C.B.), and Barts and the London NHS Trust (A.S.), London, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle (M.C.), Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston (F.C.), the MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh (W.C.D., J.E.N., A.W.H.), Liverpool Women's NHS Foundation Trust (L.W.) and St. Helens and Knowsley NHS Trust (S.R.), Liverpool, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry (F.I.), the Department of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow (M.-A.L.), South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesbrough (P.M.), University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol (C.E.O.), the Biomedical Research Unit in Reproductive Health, University of Warwick, Warwick (S.Q.), Shrewsbury and Telford NHS Trust, Telford (M.U.), Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Portsmouth (N.V.), and Surrey and Sussex Healthcare NHS Trust, Redhill (C.W.) - all in the United Kingdom; the Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (I.G.); and the Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa Health Care, Iowa City (A.E.).; Bhatia K; From Tommy's National Centre for Miscarriage Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham (A.C., A.J.D., V.C., H.H., L.J.M., I.D.G., H.W., A.K.E., T.R., C.C.O.), the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham (J.P.D.), and Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust (S.D.), Nottingham, City Hospitals Sunderland NHS Foundation Trust, Sunderland (A.A., K.H.), the Miscarriage Association, Wakefield (R.B.A.), East Lancashire Hospitals NHS Trust, Burnley (K.B.), Tommy's Charity (J.B.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (T.H.), King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust (J.J., J.R.), University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (K.K., D.J.), West Middlesex Hospital, Chelsea and Westminster NHS Foundation Trust (N.N., C.B.), and Barts and the London NHS Trust (A.S.), London, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle (M.C.), Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston (F.C.), the MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh (W.C.D., J.E.N., A.W.H.), Liverpool Women's NHS Foundation Trust (L.W.) and St. Helens and Knowsley NHS Trust (S.R.), Liverpool, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry (F.I.), the Department of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow (M.-A.L.), South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesbrough (P.M.), University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol (C.E.O.), the Biomedical Research Unit in Reproductive Health, University of Warwick, Warwick (S.Q.), Shrewsbury and Telford NHS Trust, Telford (M.U.), Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Portsmouth (N.V.), and Surrey and Sussex Healthcare NHS Trust, Redhill (C.W.) - all in the United Kingdom; the Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (I.G.); and the Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa Health Care, Iowa City (A.E.).; Bottomley C; From Tommy's National Centre for Miscarriage Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham (A.C., A.J.D., V.C., H.H., L.J.M., I.D.G., H.W., A.K.E., T.R., C.C.O.), the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham (J.P.D.), and Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust (S.D.), Nottingham, City Hospitals Sunderland NHS Foundation Trust, Sunderland (A.A., K.H.), the Miscarriage Association, Wakefield (R.B.A.), East Lancashire Hospitals NHS Trust, Burnley (K.B.), Tommy's Charity (J.B.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (T.H.), King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust (J.J., J.R.), University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (K.K., D.J.), West Middlesex Hospital, Chelsea and Westminster NHS Foundation Trust (N.N., C.B.), and Barts and the London NHS Trust (A.S.), London, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle (M.C.), Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston (F.C.), the MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh (W.C.D., J.E.N., A.W.H.), Liverpool Women's NHS Foundation Trust (L.W.) and St. Helens and Knowsley NHS Trust (S.R.), Liverpool, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry (F.I.), the Department of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow (M.-A.L.), South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesbrough (P.M.), University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol (C.E.O.), the Biomedical Research Unit in Reproductive Health, University of Warwick, Warwick (S.Q.), Shrewsbury and Telford NHS Trust, Telford (M.U.), Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Portsmouth (N.V.), and Surrey and Sussex Healthcare NHS Trust, Redhill (C.W.) - all in the United Kingdom; the Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (I.G.); and the Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa Health Care, Iowa City (A.E.).; Brewin J; From Tommy's National Centre for Miscarriage Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham (A.C., A.J.D., V.C., H.H., L.J.M., I.D.G., H.W., A.K.E., T.R., C.C.O.), the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham (J.P.D.), and Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust (S.D.), Nottingham, City Hospitals Sunderland NHS Foundation Trust, Sunderland (A.A., K.H.), the Miscarriage Association, Wakefield (R.B.A.), East Lancashire Hospitals NHS Trust, Burnley (K.B.), Tommy's Charity (J.B.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (T.H.), King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust (J.J., J.R.), University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (K.K., D.J.), West Middlesex Hospital, Chelsea and Westminster NHS Foundation Trust (N.N., C.B.), and Barts and the London NHS Trust (A.S.), London, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle (M.C.), Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston (F.C.), the MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh (W.C.D., J.E.N., A.W.H.), Liverpool Women's NHS Foundation Trust (L.W.) and St. Helens and Knowsley NHS Trust (S.R.), Liverpool, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry (F.I.), the Department of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow (M.-A.L.), South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesbrough (P.M.), University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol (C.E.O.), the Biomedical Research Unit in Reproductive Health, University of Warwick, Warwick (S.Q.), Shrewsbury and Telford NHS Trust, Telford (M.U.), Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Portsmouth (N.V.), and Surrey and Sussex Healthcare NHS Trust, Redhill (C.W.) - all in the United Kingdom; the Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (I.G.); and the Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa Health Care, Iowa City (A.E.).; Choudhary M; From Tommy's National Centre for Miscarriage Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham (A.C., A.J.D., V.C., H.H., L.J.M., I.D.G., H.W., A.K.E., T.R., C.C.O.), the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham (J.P.D.), and Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust (S.D.), Nottingham, City Hospitals Sunderland NHS Foundation Trust, Sunderland (A.A., K.H.), the Miscarriage Association, Wakefield (R.B.A.), East Lancashire Hospitals NHS Trust, Burnley (K.B.), Tommy's Charity (J.B.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (T.H.), King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust (J.J., J.R.), University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (K.K., D.J.), West Middlesex Hospital, Chelsea and Westminster NHS Foundation Trust (N.N., C.B.), and Barts and the London NHS Trust (A.S.), London, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle (M.C.), Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston (F.C.), the MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh (W.C.D., J.E.N., A.W.H.), Liverpool Women's NHS Foundation Trust (L.W.) and St. Helens and Knowsley NHS Trust (S.R.), Liverpool, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry (F.I.), the Department of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow (M.-A.L.), South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesbrough (P.M.), University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol (C.E.O.), the Biomedical Research Unit in Reproductive Health, University of Warwick, Warwick (S.Q.), Shrewsbury and Telford NHS Trust, Telford (M.U.), Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Portsmouth (N.V.), and Surrey and Sussex Healthcare NHS Trust, Redhill (C.W.) - all in the United Kingdom; the Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (I.G.); and the Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa Health Care, Iowa City (A.E.).; Crosfill F; From Tommy's National Centre for Miscarriage Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham (A.C., A.J.D., V.C., H.H., L.J.M., I.D.G., H.W., A.K.E., T.R., C.C.O.), the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham (J.P.D.), and Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust (S.D.), Nottingham, City Hospitals Sunderland NHS Foundation Trust, Sunderland (A.A., K.H.), the Miscarriage Association, Wakefield (R.B.A.), East Lancashire Hospitals NHS Trust, Burnley (K.B.), Tommy's Charity (J.B.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (T.H.), King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust (J.J., J.R.), University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (K.K., D.J.), West Middlesex Hospital, Chelsea and Westminster NHS Foundation Trust (N.N., C.B.), and Barts and the London NHS Trust (A.S.), London, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle (M.C.), Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston (F.C.), the MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh (W.C.D., J.E.N., A.W.H.), Liverpool Women's NHS Foundation Trust (L.W.) and St. Helens and Knowsley NHS Trust (S.R.), Liverpool, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry (F.I.), the Department of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow (M.-A.L.), South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesbrough (P.M.), University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol (C.E.O.), the Biomedical Research Unit in Reproductive Health, University of Warwick, Warwick (S.Q.), Shrewsbury and Telford NHS Trust, Telford (M.U.), Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Portsmouth (N.V.), and Surrey and Sussex Healthcare NHS Trust, Redhill (C.W.) - all in the United Kingdom; the Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (I.G.); and the Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa Health Care, Iowa City (A.E.).; Deb S; From Tommy's National Centre for Miscarriage Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham (A.C., A.J.D., V.C., H.H., L.J.M., I.D.G., H.W., A.K.E., T.R., C.C.O.), the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham (J.P.D.), and Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust (S.D.), Nottingham, City Hospitals Sunderland NHS Foundation Trust, Sunderland (A.A., K.H.), the Miscarriage Association, Wakefield (R.B.A.), East Lancashire Hospitals NHS Trust, Burnley (K.B.), Tommy's Charity (J.B.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (T.H.), King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust (J.J., J.R.), University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (K.K., D.J.), West Middlesex Hospital, Chelsea and Westminster NHS Foundation Trust (N.N., C.B.), and Barts and the London NHS Trust (A.S.), London, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle (M.C.), Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston (F.C.), the MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh (W.C.D., J.E.N., A.W.H.), Liverpool Women's NHS Foundation Trust (L.W.) and St. Helens and Knowsley NHS Trust (S.R.), Liverpool, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry (F.I.), the Department of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow (M.-A.L.), South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesbrough (P.M.), University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol (C.E.O.), the Biomedical Research Unit in Reproductive Health, University of Warwick, Warwick (S.Q.), Shrewsbury and Telford NHS Trust, Telford (M.U.), Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Portsmouth (N.V.), and Surrey and Sussex Healthcare NHS Trust, Redhill (C.W.) - all in the United Kingdom; the Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (I.G.); and the Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa Health Care, Iowa City (A.E.).; Duncan WC; From Tommy's National Centre for Miscarriage Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham (A.C., A.J.D., V.C., H.H., L.J.M., I.D.G., H.W., A.K.E., T.R., C.C.O.), the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham (J.P.D.), and Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust (S.D.), Nottingham, City Hospitals Sunderland NHS Foundation Trust, Sunderland (A.A., K.H.), the Miscarriage Association, Wakefield (R.B.A.), East Lancashire Hospitals NHS Trust, Burnley (K.B.), Tommy's Charity (J.B.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (T.H.), King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust (J.J., J.R.), University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (K.K., D.J.), West Middlesex Hospital, Chelsea and Westminster NHS Foundation Trust (N.N., C.B.), and Barts and the London NHS Trust (A.S.), London, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle (M.C.), Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston (F.C.), the MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh (W.C.D., J.E.N., A.W.H.), Liverpool Women's NHS Foundation Trust (L.W.) and St. Helens and Knowsley NHS Trust (S.R.), Liverpool, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry (F.I.), the Department of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow (M.-A.L.), South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesbrough (P.M.), University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol (C.E.O.), the Biomedical Research Unit in Reproductive Health, University of Warwick, Warwick (S.Q.), Shrewsbury and Telford NHS Trust, Telford (M.U.), Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Portsmouth (N.V.), and Surrey and Sussex Healthcare NHS Trust, Redhill (C.W.) - all in the United Kingdom; the Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (I.G.); and the Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa Health Care, Iowa City (A.E.).; Ewer A; From Tommy's National Centre for Miscarriage Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham (A.C., A.J.D., V.C., H.H., L.J.M., I.D.G., H.W., A.K.E., T.R., C.C.O.), the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham (J.P.D.), and Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust (S.D.), Nottingham, City Hospitals Sunderland NHS Foundation Trust, Sunderland (A.A., K.H.), the Miscarriage Association, Wakefield (R.B.A.), East Lancashire Hospitals NHS Trust, Burnley (K.B.), Tommy's Charity (J.B.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (T.H.), King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust (J.J., J.R.), University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (K.K., D.J.), West Middlesex Hospital, Chelsea and Westminster NHS Foundation Trust (N.N., C.B.), and Barts and the London NHS Trust (A.S.), London, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle (M.C.), Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston (F.C.), the MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh (W.C.D., J.E.N., A.W.H.), Liverpool Women's NHS Foundation Trust (L.W.) and St. Helens and Knowsley NHS Trust (S.R.), Liverpool, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry (F.I.), the Department of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow (M.-A.L.), South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesbrough (P.M.), University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol (C.E.O.), the Biomedical Research Unit in Reproductive Health, University of Warwick, Warwick (S.Q.), Shrewsbury and Telford NHS Trust, Telford (M.U.), Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Portsmouth (N.V.), and Surrey and Sussex Healthcare NHS Trust, Redhill (C.W.) - all in the United Kingdom; the Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (I.G.); and the Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa Health Care, Iowa City (A.E.).; Hinshaw K; From Tommy's National Centre for Miscarriage Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham (A.C., A.J.D., V.C., H.H., L.J.M., I.D.G., H.W., A.K.E., T.R., C.C.O.), the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham (J.P.D.), and Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust (S.D.), Nottingham, City Hospitals Sunderland NHS Foundation Trust, Sunderland (A.A., K.H.), the Miscarriage Association, Wakefield (R.B.A.), East Lancashire Hospitals NHS Trust, Burnley (K.B.), Tommy's Charity (J.B.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (T.H.), King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust (J.J., J.R.), University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (K.K., D.J.), West Middlesex Hospital, Chelsea and Westminster NHS Foundation Trust (N.N., C.B.), and Barts and the London NHS Trust (A.S.), London, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle (M.C.), Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston (F.C.), the MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh (W.C.D., J.E.N., A.W.H.), Liverpool Women's NHS Foundation Trust (L.W.) and St. Helens and Knowsley NHS Trust (S.R.), Liverpool, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry (F.I.), the Department of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow (M.-A.L.), South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesbrough (P.M.), University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol (C.E.O.), the Biomedical Research Unit in Reproductive Health, University of Warwick, Warwick (S.Q.), Shrewsbury and Telford NHS Trust, Telford (M.U.), Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Portsmouth (N.V.), and Surrey and Sussex Healthcare NHS Trust, Redhill (C.W.) - all in the United Kingdom; the Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (I.G.); and the Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa Health Care, Iowa City (A.E.).; Holland T; From Tommy's National Centre for Miscarriage Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham (A.C., A.J.D., V.C., H.H., L.J.M., I.D.G., H.W., A.K.E., T.R., C.C.O.), the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham (J.P.D.), and Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust (S.D.), Nottingham, City Hospitals Sunderland NHS Foundation Trust, Sunderland (A.A., K.H.), the Miscarriage Association, Wakefield (R.B.A.), East Lancashire Hospitals NHS Trust, Burnley (K.B.), Tommy's Charity (J.B.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (T.H.), King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust (J.J., J.R.), University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (K.K., D.J.), West Middlesex Hospital, Chelsea and Westminster NHS Foundation Trust (N.N., C.B.), and Barts and the London NHS Trust (A.S.), London, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle (M.C.), Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston (F.C.), the MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh (W.C.D., J.E.N., A.W.H.), Liverpool Women's NHS Foundation Trust (L.W.) and St. Helens and Knowsley NHS Trust (S.R.), Liverpool, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry (F.I.), the Department of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow (M.-A.L.), South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesbrough (P.M.), University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol (C.E.O.), the Biomedical Research Unit in Reproductive Health, University of Warwick, Warwick (S.Q.), Shrewsbury and Telford NHS Trust, Telford (M.U.), Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Portsmouth (N.V.), and Surrey and Sussex Healthcare NHS Trust, Redhill (C.W.) - all in the United Kingdom; the Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (I.G.); and the Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa Health Care, Iowa City (A.E.).; Izzat F; From Tommy's National Centre for Miscarriage Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham (A.C., A.J.D., V.C., H.H., L.J.M., I.D.G., H.W., A.K.E., T.R., C.C.O.), the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham (J.P.D.), and Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust (S.D.), Nottingham, City Hospitals Sunderland NHS Foundation Trust, Sunderland (A.A., K.H.), the Miscarriage Association, Wakefield (R.B.A.), East Lancashire Hospitals NHS Trust, Burnley (K.B.), Tommy's Charity (J.B.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (T.H.), King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust (J.J., J.R.), University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (K.K., D.J.), West Middlesex Hospital, Chelsea and Westminster NHS Foundation Trust (N.N., C.B.), and Barts and the London NHS Trust (A.S.), London, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle (M.C.), Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston (F.C.), the MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh (W.C.D., J.E.N., A.W.H.), Liverpool Women's NHS Foundation Trust (L.W.) and St. Helens and Knowsley NHS Trust (S.R.), Liverpool, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry (F.I.), the Department of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow (M.-A.L.), South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesbrough (P.M.), University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol (C.E.O.), the Biomedical Research Unit in Reproductive Health, University of Warwick, Warwick (S.Q.), Shrewsbury and Telford NHS Trust, Telford (M.U.), Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Portsmouth (N.V.), and Surrey and Sussex Healthcare NHS Trust, Redhill (C.W.) - all in the United Kingdom; the Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (I.G.); and the Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa Health Care, Iowa City (A.E.).; Johns J; From Tommy's National Centre for Miscarriage Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham (A.C., A.J.D., V.C., H.H., L.J.M., I.D.G., H.W., A.K.E., T.R., C.C.O.), the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham (J.P.D.), and Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust (S.D.), Nottingham, City Hospitals Sunderland NHS Foundation Trust, Sunderland (A.A., K.H.), the Miscarriage Association, Wakefield (R.B.A.), East Lancashire Hospitals NHS Trust, Burnley (K.B.), Tommy's Charity (J.B.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (T.H.), King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust (J.J., J.R.), University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (K.K., D.J.), West Middlesex Hospital, Chelsea and Westminster NHS Foundation Trust (N.N., C.B.), and Barts and the London NHS Trust (A.S.), London, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle (M.C.), Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston (F.C.), the MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh (W.C.D., J.E.N., A.W.H.), Liverpool Women's NHS Foundation Trust (L.W.) and St. Helens and Knowsley NHS Trust (S.R.), Liverpool, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry (F.I.), the Department of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow (M.-A.L.), South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesbrough (P.M.), University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol (C.E.O.), the Biomedical Research Unit in Reproductive Health, University of Warwick, Warwick (S.Q.), Shrewsbury and Telford NHS Trust, Telford (M.U.), Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Portsmouth (N.V.), and Surrey and Sussex Healthcare NHS Trust, Redhill (C.W.) - all in the United Kingdom; the Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (I.G.); and the Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa Health Care, Iowa City (A.E.).; Kriedt K; From Tommy's National Centre for Miscarriage Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham (A.C., A.J.D., V.C., H.H., L.J.M., I.D.G., H.W., A.K.E., T.R., C.C.O.), the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham (J.P.D.), and Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust (S.D.), Nottingham, City Hospitals Sunderland NHS Foundation Trust, Sunderland (A.A., K.H.), the Miscarriage Association, Wakefield (R.B.A.), East Lancashire Hospitals NHS Trust, Burnley (K.B.), Tommy's Charity (J.B.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (T.H.), King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust (J.J., J.R.), University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (K.K., D.J.), West Middlesex Hospital, Chelsea and Westminster NHS Foundation Trust (N.N., C.B.), and Barts and the London NHS Trust (A.S.), London, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle (M.C.), Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston (F.C.), the MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh (W.C.D., J.E.N., A.W.H.), Liverpool Women's NHS Foundation Trust (L.W.) and St. Helens and Knowsley NHS Trust (S.R.), Liverpool, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry (F.I.), the Department of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow (M.-A.L.), South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesbrough (P.M.), University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol (C.E.O.), the Biomedical Research Unit in Reproductive Health, University of Warwick, Warwick (S.Q.), Shrewsbury and Telford NHS Trust, Telford (M.U.), Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Portsmouth (N.V.), and Surrey and Sussex Healthcare NHS Trust, Redhill (C.W.) - all in the United Kingdom; the Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (I.G.); and the Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa Health Care, Iowa City (A.E.).; Lumsden MA; From Tommy's National Centre for Miscarriage Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham (A.C., A.J.D., V.C., H.H., L.J.M., I.D.G., H.W., A.K.E., T.R., C.C.O.), the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham (J.P.D.), and Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust (S.D.), Nottingham, City Hospitals Sunderland NHS Foundation Trust, Sunderland (A.A., K.H.), the Miscarriage Association, Wakefield (R.B.A.), East Lancashire Hospitals NHS Trust, Burnley (K.B.), Tommy's Charity (J.B.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (T.H.), King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust (J.J., J.R.), University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (K.K., D.J.), West Middlesex Hospital, Chelsea and Westminster NHS Foundation Trust (N.N., C.B.), and Barts and the London NHS Trust (A.S.), London, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle (M.C.), Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston (F.C.), the MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh (W.C.D., J.E.N., A.W.H.), Liverpool Women's NHS Foundation Trust (L.W.) and St. Helens and Knowsley NHS Trust (S.R.), Liverpool, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry (F.I.), the Department of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow (M.-A.L.), South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesbrough (P.M.), University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol (C.E.O.), the Biomedical Research Unit in Reproductive Health, University of Warwick, Warwick (S.Q.), Shrewsbury and Telford NHS Trust, Telford (M.U.), Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Portsmouth (N.V.), and Surrey and Sussex Healthcare NHS Trust, Redhill (C.W.) - all in the United Kingdom; the Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (I.G.); and the Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa Health Care, Iowa City (A.E.).; Manda P; From Tommy's National Centre for Miscarriage Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham (A.C., A.J.D., V.C., H.H., L.J.M., I.D.G., H.W., A.K.E., T.R., C.C.O.), the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham (J.P.D.), and Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust (S.D.), Nottingham, City Hospitals Sunderland NHS Foundation Trust, Sunderland (A.A., K.H.), the Miscarriage Association, Wakefield (R.B.A.), East Lancashire Hospitals NHS Trust, Burnley (K.B.), Tommy's Charity (J.B.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (T.H.), King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust (J.J., J.R.), University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (K.K., D.J.), West Middlesex Hospital, Chelsea and Westminster NHS Foundation Trust (N.N., C.B.), and Barts and the London NHS Trust (A.S.), London, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle (M.C.), Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston (F.C.), the MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh (W.C.D., J.E.N., A.W.H.), Liverpool Women's NHS Foundation Trust (L.W.) and St. Helens and Knowsley NHS Trust (S.R.), Liverpool, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry (F.I.), the Department of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow (M.-A.L.), South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesbrough (P.M.), University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol (C.E.O.), the Biomedical Research Unit in Reproductive Health, University of Warwick, Warwick (S.Q.), Shrewsbury and Telford NHS Trust, Telford (M.U.), Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Portsmouth (N.V.), and Surrey and Sussex Healthcare NHS Trust, Redhill (C.W.) - all in the United Kingdom; the Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (I.G.); and the Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa Health Care, Iowa City (A.E.).; Norman JE; From Tommy's National Centre for Miscarriage Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham (A.C., A.J.D., V.C., H.H., L.J.M., I.D.G., H.W., A.K.E., T.R., C.C.O.), the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham (J.P.D.), and Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust (S.D.), Nottingham, City Hospitals Sunderland NHS Foundation Trust, Sunderland (A.A., K.H.), the Miscarriage Association, Wakefield (R.B.A.), East Lancashire Hospitals NHS Trust, Burnley (K.B.), Tommy's Charity (J.B.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (T.H.), King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust (J.J., J.R.), University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (K.K., D.J.), West Middlesex Hospital, Chelsea and Westminster NHS Foundation Trust (N.N., C.B.), and Barts and the London NHS Trust (A.S.), London, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle (M.C.), Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston (F.C.), the MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh (W.C.D., J.E.N., A.W.H.), Liverpool Women's NHS Foundation Trust (L.W.) and St. Helens and Knowsley NHS Trust (S.R.), Liverpool, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry (F.I.), the Department of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow (M.-A.L.), South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesbrough (P.M.), University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol (C.E.O.), the Biomedical Research Unit in Reproductive Health, University of Warwick, Warwick (S.Q.), Shrewsbury and Telford NHS Trust, Telford (M.U.), Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Portsmouth (N.V.), and Surrey and Sussex Healthcare NHS Trust, Redhill (C.W.) - all in the United Kingdom; the Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (I.G.); and the Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa Health Care, Iowa City (A.E.).; Nunes N; From Tommy's National Centre for Miscarriage Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham (A.C., A.J.D., V.C., H.H., L.J.M., I.D.G., H.W., A.K.E., T.R., C.C.O.), the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham (J.P.D.), and Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust (S.D.), Nottingham, City Hospitals Sunderland NHS Foundation Trust, Sunderland (A.A., K.H.), the Miscarriage Association, Wakefield (R.B.A.), East Lancashire Hospitals NHS Trust, Burnley (K.B.), Tommy's Charity (J.B.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (T.H.), King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust (J.J., J.R.), University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (K.K., D.J.), West Middlesex Hospital, Chelsea and Westminster NHS Foundation Trust (N.N., C.B.), and Barts and the London NHS Trust (A.S.), London, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle (M.C.), Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston (F.C.), the MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh (W.C.D., J.E.N., A.W.H.), Liverpool Women's NHS Foundation Trust (L.W.) and St. Helens and Knowsley NHS Trust (S.R.), Liverpool, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry (F.I.), the Department of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow (M.-A.L.), South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesbrough (P.M.), University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol (C.E.O.), the Biomedical Research Unit in Reproductive Health, University of Warwick, Warwick (S.Q.), Shrewsbury and Telford NHS Trust, Telford (M.U.), Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Portsmouth (N.V.), and Surrey and Sussex Healthcare NHS Trust, Redhill (C.W.) - all in the United Kingdom; the Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (I.G.); and the Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa Health Care, Iowa City (A.E.).; Overton CE; From Tommy's National Centre for Miscarriage Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham (A.C., A.J.D., V.C., H.H., L.J.M., I.D.G., H.W., A.K.E., T.R., C.C.O.), the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham (J.P.D.), and Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust (S.D.), Nottingham, City Hospitals Sunderland NHS Foundation Trust, Sunderland (A.A., K.H.), the Miscarriage Association, Wakefield (R.B.A.), East Lancashire Hospitals NHS Trust, Burnley (K.B.), Tommy's Charity (J.B.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (T.H.), King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust (J.J., J.R.), University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (K.K., D.J.), West Middlesex Hospital, Chelsea and Westminster NHS Foundation Trust (N.N., C.B.), and Barts and the London NHS Trust (A.S.), London, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle (M.C.), Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston (F.C.), the MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh (W.C.D., J.E.N., A.W.H.), Liverpool Women's NHS Foundation Trust (L.W.) and St. Helens and Knowsley NHS Trust (S.R.), Liverpool, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry (F.I.), the Department of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow (M.-A.L.), South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesbrough (P.M.), University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol (C.E.O.), the Biomedical Research Unit in Reproductive Health, University of Warwick, Warwick (S.Q.), Shrewsbury and Telford NHS Trust, Telford (M.U.), Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Portsmouth (N.V.), and Surrey and Sussex Healthcare NHS Trust, Redhill (C.W.) - all in the United Kingdom; the Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (I.G.); and the Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa Health Care, Iowa City (A.E.).; Quenby S; From Tommy's National Centre for Miscarriage Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham (A.C., A.J.D., V.C., H.H., L.J.M., I.D.G., H.W., A.K.E., T.R., C.C.O.), the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham (J.P.D.), and Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust (S.D.), Nottingham, City Hospitals Sunderland NHS Foundation Trust, Sunderland (A.A., K.H.), the Miscarriage Association, Wakefield (R.B.A.), East Lancashire Hospitals NHS Trust, Burnley (K.B.), Tommy's Charity (J.B.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (T.H.), King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust (J.J., J.R.), University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (K.K., D.J.), West Middlesex Hospital, Chelsea and Westminster NHS Foundation Trust (N.N., C.B.), and Barts and the London NHS Trust (A.S.), London, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle (M.C.), Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston (F.C.), the MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh (W.C.D., J.E.N., A.W.H.), Liverpool Women's NHS Foundation Trust (L.W.) and St. Helens and Knowsley NHS Trust (S.R.), Liverpool, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry (F.I.), the Department of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow (M.-A.L.), South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesbrough (P.M.), University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol (C.E.O.), the Biomedical Research Unit in Reproductive Health, University of Warwick, Warwick (S.Q.), Shrewsbury and Telford NHS Trust, Telford (M.U.), Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Portsmouth (N.V.), and Surrey and Sussex Healthcare NHS Trust, Redhill (C.W.) - all in the United Kingdom; the Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (I.G.); and the Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa Health Care, Iowa City (A.E.).; Rao S; From Tommy's National Centre for Miscarriage Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham (A.C., A.J.D., V.C., H.H., L.J.M., I.D.G., H.W., A.K.E., T.R., C.C.O.), the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham (J.P.D.), and Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust (S.D.), Nottingham, City Hospitals Sunderland NHS Foundation Trust, Sunderland (A.A., K.H.), the Miscarriage Association, Wakefield (R.B.A.), East Lancashire Hospitals NHS Trust, Burnley (K.B.), Tommy's Charity (J.B.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (T.H.), King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust (J.J., J.R.), University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (K.K., D.J.), West Middlesex Hospital, Chelsea and Westminster NHS Foundation Trust (N.N., C.B.), and Barts and the London NHS Trust (A.S.), London, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle (M.C.), Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston (F.C.), the MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh (W.C.D., J.E.N., A.W.H.), Liverpool Women's NHS Foundation Trust (L.W.) and St. Helens and Knowsley NHS Trust (S.R.), Liverpool, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry (F.I.), the Department of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow (M.-A.L.), South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesbrough (P.M.), University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol (C.E.O.), the Biomedical Research Unit in Reproductive Health, University of Warwick, Warwick (S.Q.), Shrewsbury and Telford NHS Trust, Telford (M.U.), Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Portsmouth (N.V.), and Surrey and Sussex Healthcare NHS Trust, Redhill (C.W.) - all in the United Kingdom; the Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (I.G.); and the Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa Health Care, Iowa City (A.E.).; Ross J; From Tommy's National Centre for Miscarriage Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham (A.C., A.J.D., V.C., H.H., L.J.M., I.D.G., H.W., A.K.E., T.R., C.C.O.), the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham (J.P.D.), and Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust (S.D.), Nottingham, City Hospitals Sunderland NHS Foundation Trust, Sunderland (A.A., K.H.), the Miscarriage Association, Wakefield (R.B.A.), East Lancashire Hospitals NHS Trust, Burnley (K.B.), Tommy's Charity (J.B.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (T.H.), King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust (J.J., J.R.), University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (K.K., D.J.), West Middlesex Hospital, Chelsea and Westminster NHS Foundation Trust (N.N., C.B.), and Barts and the London NHS Trust (A.S.), London, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle (M.C.), Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston (F.C.), the MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh (W.C.D., J.E.N., A.W.H.), Liverpool Women's NHS Foundation Trust (L.W.) and St. Helens and Knowsley NHS Trust (S.R.), Liverpool, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry (F.I.), the Department of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow (M.-A.L.), South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesbrough (P.M.), University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol (C.E.O.), the Biomedical Research Unit in Reproductive Health, University of Warwick, Warwick (S.Q.), Shrewsbury and Telford NHS Trust, Telford (M.U.), Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Portsmouth (N.V.), and Surrey and Sussex Healthcare NHS Trust, Redhill (C.W.) - all in the United Kingdom; the Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (I.G.); and the Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa Health Care, Iowa City (A.E.).; Shahid A; From Tommy's National Centre for Miscarriage Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham (A.C., A.J.D., V.C., H.H., L.J.M., I.D.G., H.W., A.K.E., T.R., C.C.O.), the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham (J.P.D.), and Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust (S.D.), Nottingham, City Hospitals Sunderland NHS Foundation Trust, Sunderland (A.A., K.H.), the Miscarriage Association, Wakefield (R.B.A.), East Lancashire Hospitals NHS Trust, Burnley (K.B.), Tommy's Charity (J.B.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (T.H.), King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust (J.J., J.R.), University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (K.K., D.J.), West Middlesex Hospital, Chelsea and Westminster NHS Foundation Trust (N.N., C.B.), and Barts and the London NHS Trust (A.S.), London, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle (M.C.), Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston (F.C.), the MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh (W.C.D., J.E.N., A.W.H.), Liverpool Women's NHS Foundation Trust (L.W.) and St. Helens and Knowsley NHS Trust (S.R.), Liverpool, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry (F.I.), the Department of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow (M.-A.L.), South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesbrough (P.M.), University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol (C.E.O.), the Biomedical Research Unit in Reproductive Health, University of Warwick, Warwick (S.Q.), Shrewsbury and Telford NHS Trust, Telford (M.U.), Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Portsmouth (N.V.), and Surrey and Sussex Healthcare NHS Trust, Redhill (C.W.) - all in the United Kingdom; the Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (I.G.); and the Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa Health Care, Iowa City (A.E.).; Underwood M; From Tommy's National Centre for Miscarriage Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham (A.C., A.J.D., V.C., H.H., L.J.M., I.D.G., H.W., A.K.E., T.R., C.C.O.), the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham (J.P.D.), and Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust (S.D.), Nottingham, City Hospitals Sunderland NHS Foundation Trust, Sunderland (A.A., K.H.), the Miscarriage Association, Wakefield (R.B.A.), East Lancashire Hospitals NHS Trust, Burnley (K.B.), Tommy's Charity (J.B.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (T.H.), King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust (J.J., J.R.), University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (K.K., D.J.), West Middlesex Hospital, Chelsea and Westminster NHS Foundation Trust (N.N., C.B.), and Barts and the London NHS Trust (A.S.), London, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle (M.C.), Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston (F.C.), the MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh (W.C.D., J.E.N., A.W.H.), Liverpool Women's NHS Foundation Trust (L.W.) and St. Helens and Knowsley NHS Trust (S.R.), Liverpool, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry (F.I.), the Department of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow (M.-A.L.), South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesbrough (P.M.), University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol (C.E.O.), the Biomedical Research Unit in Reproductive Health, University of Warwick, Warwick (S.Q.), Shrewsbury and Telford NHS Trust, Telford (M.U.), Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Portsmouth (N.V.), and Surrey and Sussex Healthcare NHS Trust, Redhill (C.W.) - all in the United Kingdom; the Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (I.G.); and the Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa Health Care, Iowa City (A.E.).; Vaithilingam N; From Tommy's National Centre for Miscarriage Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham (A.C., A.J.D., V.C., H.H., L.J.M., I.D.G., H.W., A.K.E., T.R., C.C.O.), the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham (J.P.D.), and Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust (S.D.), Nottingham, City Hospitals Sunderland NHS Foundation Trust, Sunderland (A.A., K.H.), the Miscarriage Association, Wakefield (R.B.A.), East Lancashire Hospitals NHS Trust, Burnley (K.B.), Tommy's Charity (J.B.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (T.H.), King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust (J.J., J.R.), University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (K.K., D.J.), West Middlesex Hospital, Chelsea and Westminster NHS Foundation Trust (N.N., C.B.), and Barts and the London NHS Trust (A.S.), London, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle (M.C.), Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston (F.C.), the MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh (W.C.D., J.E.N., A.W.H.), Liverpool Women's NHS Foundation Trust (L.W.) and St. Helens and Knowsley NHS Trust (S.R.), Liverpool, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry (F.I.), the Department of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow (M.-A.L.), South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesbrough (P.M.), University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol (C.E.O.), the Biomedical Research Unit in Reproductive Health, University of Warwick, Warwick (S.Q.), Shrewsbury and Telford NHS Trust, Telford (M.U.), Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Portsmouth (N.V.), and Surrey and Sussex Healthcare NHS Trust, Redhill (C.W.) - all in the United Kingdom; the Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (I.G.); and the Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa Health Care, Iowa City (A.E.).; Watkins L; From Tommy's National Centre for Miscarriage Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham (A.C., A.J.D., V.C., H.H., L.J.M., I.D.G., H.W., A.K.E., T.R., C.C.O.), the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham (J.P.D.), and Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust (S.D.), Nottingham, City Hospitals Sunderland NHS Foundation Trust, Sunderland (A.A., K.H.), the Miscarriage Association, Wakefield (R.B.A.), East Lancashire Hospitals NHS Trust, Burnley (K.B.), Tommy's Charity (J.B.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (T.H.), King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust (J.J., J.R.), University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (K.K., D.J.), West Middlesex Hospital, Chelsea and Westminster NHS Foundation Trust (N.N., C.B.), and Barts and the London NHS Trust (A.S.), London, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle (M.C.), Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston (F.C.), the MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh (W.C.D., J.E.N., A.W.H.), Liverpool Women's NHS Foundation Trust (L.W.) and St. Helens and Knowsley NHS Trust (S.R.), Liverpool, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry (F.I.), the Department of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow (M.-A.L.), South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesbrough (P.M.), University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol (C.E.O.), the Biomedical Research Unit in Reproductive Health, University of Warwick, Warwick (S.Q.), Shrewsbury and Telford NHS Trust, Telford (M.U.), Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Portsmouth (N.V.), and Surrey and Sussex Healthcare NHS Trust, Redhill (C.W.) - all in the United Kingdom; the Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (I.G.); and the Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa Health Care, Iowa City (A.E.).; Wykes C; From Tommy's National Centre for Miscarriage Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham (A.C., A.J.D., V.C., H.H., L.J.M., I.D.G., H.W., A.K.E., T.R., C.C.O.), the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham (J.P.D.), and Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust (S.D.), Nottingham, City Hospitals Sunderland NHS Foundation Trust, Sunderland (A.A., K.H.), the Miscarriage Association, Wakefield (R.B.A.), East Lancashire Hospitals NHS Trust, Burnley (K.B.), Tommy's Charity (J.B.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (T.H.), King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust (J.J., J.R.), University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (K.K., D.J.), West Middlesex Hospital, Chelsea and Westminster NHS Foundation Trust (N.N., C.B.), and Barts and the London NHS Trust (A.S.), London, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle (M.C.), Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston (F.C.), the MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh (W.C.D., J.E.N., A.W.H.), Liverpool Women's NHS Foundation Trust (L.W.) and St. Helens and Knowsley NHS Trust (S.R.), Liverpool, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry (F.I.), the Department of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow (M.-A.L.), South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesbrough (P.M.), University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol (C.E.O.), the Biomedical Research Unit in Reproductive Health, University of Warwick, Warwick (S.Q.), Shrewsbury and Telford NHS Trust, Telford (M.U.), Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Portsmouth (N.V.), and Surrey and Sussex Healthcare NHS Trust, Redhill (C.W.) - all in the United Kingdom; the Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (I.G.); and the Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa Health Care, Iowa City (A.E.).; Horne A; From Tommy's National Centre for Miscarriage Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham (A.C., A.J.D., V.C., H.H., L.J.M., I.D.G., H.W., A.K.E., T.R., C.C.O.), the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham (J.P.D.), and Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust (S.D.), Nottingham, City Hospitals Sunderland NHS Foundation Trust, Sunderland (A.A., K.H.), the Miscarriage Association, Wakefield (R.B.A.), East Lancashire Hospitals NHS Trust, Burnley (K.B.), Tommy's Charity (J.B.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (T.H.), King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust (J.J., J.R.), University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (K.K., D.J.), West Middlesex Hospital, Chelsea and Westminster NHS Foundation Trust (N.N., C.B.), and Barts and the London NHS Trust (A.S.), London, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle (M.C.), Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston (F.C.), the MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh (W.C.D., J.E.N., A.W.H.), Liverpool Women's NHS Foundation Trust (L.W.) and St. Helens and Knowsley NHS Trust (S.R.), Liverpool, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry (F.I.), the Department of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow (M.-A.L.), South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesbrough (P.M.), University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol (C.E.O.), the Biomedical Research Unit in Reproductive Health, University of Warwick, Warwick (S.Q.), Shrewsbury and Telford NHS Trust, Telford (M.U.), Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Portsmouth (N.V.), and Surrey and Sussex Healthcare NHS Trust, Redhill (C.W.) - all in the United Kingdom; the Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (I.G.); and the Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa Health Care, Iowa City (A.E.).; Jurkovic D; From Tommy's National Centre for Miscarriage Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham (A.C., A.J.D., V.C., H.H., L.J.M., I.D.G., H.W., A.K.E., T.R., C.C.O.), the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham (J.P.D.), and Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust (S.D.), Nottingham, City Hospitals Sunderland NHS Foundation Trust, Sunderland (A.A., K.H.), the Miscarriage Association, Wakefield (R.B.A.), East Lancashire Hospitals NHS Trust, Burnley (K.B.), Tommy's Charity (J.B.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (T.H.), King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust (J.J., J.R.), University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (K.K., D.J.), West Middlesex Hospital, Chelsea and Westminster NHS Foundation Trust (N.N., C.B.), and Barts and the London NHS Trust (A.S.), London, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle (M.C.), Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston (F.C.), the MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh (W.C.D., J.E.N., A.W.H.), Liverpool Women's NHS Foundation Trust (L.W.) and St. Helens and Knowsley NHS Trust (S.R.), Liverpool, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry (F.I.), the Department of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow (M.-A.L.), South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesbrough (P.M.), University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol (C.E.O.), the Biomedical Research Unit in Reproductive Health, University of Warwick, Warwick (S.Q.), Shrewsbury and Telford NHS Trust, Telford (M.U.), Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Portsmouth (N.V.), and Surrey and Sussex Healthcare NHS Trust, Redhill (C.W.) - all in the United Kingdom; the Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (I.G.); and the Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa Health Care, Iowa City (A.E.).

Publisher: Massachusetts Medical Society Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 0255562 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1533-4406 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00284793 NLM ISO Abbreviation: N Engl J Med Subsets: MEDLINE