부산대학교 도서관

Walker SP; Academic Respiratory Unit, Bristol, UK steven.walker@nbt.nhs.uk.; Bintcliffe O; Gloucestershire Royal Hospital, Gloucester, UK.; Keenan E; Academic Respiratory Unit, Bristol, UK.; Stadon L; Academic Respiratory Unit, Bristol, UK.; Evison M; Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester, UK.; Haris M; Royal Stoke University Hospital, Stoke, UK.; Nagarajan T; Macclesfield General Hospital, East Cheshire NHS Trust, Macclesfield, UK.; West A; Guy's and St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK.; Ionescu A; Royal Gwent Hospital, Newport, UK.; Prudon B; University of North Tees, Stockton-on-Tees, UK.; Guhan A; University Hospital Ayr, NHS Ayrshire and Arran, Ayrshire, UK.; Mustafa R; James Cook University Hospital, Middlesbrough, UK.; Herre J; Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK.; Arnold D; Academic Respiratory Unit, Bristol, UK.; Bhatnagar R; Academic Respiratory Unit, Bristol, UK.; Kahan B; MRC Clinical Trials Unit, University College London, London, UK.; Miller RF; Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK.; Rahman NM; Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK.; Maskell NA; Academic Respiratory Unit, Bristol, UK.

Publisher: European Respiratory Society Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 8803460 Publication Model: Electronic-Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1399-3003 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 09031936 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Eur Respir J Subsets: MEDLINE

Davies HE; Mishra EK; Kahan BC; Wrightson JM; Stanton AE; Guhan A; Davies CW; Grayez J; Harrison R; Prasad A; Crosthwaite N; Lee YC; Davies RJ; Miller RF; Rahman NM; Davies, Helen E; Mishra, Eleanor K; Kahan, Brennan C; Wrightson, John M; Stanton, Andrew E

JAMA: Journal of the American Medical Association. 6/13/2012, Vol. 307 Issue 22, p2383-2389. 7p.

Corcoran JP; Oxford Centre for Respiratory Medicine, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK.; Oxford Respiratory Trials Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.; Joint first authors, with equal contribution to study recruitment and manuscript writing.; Psallidas I; Oxford Centre for Respiratory Medicine, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK.; Oxford Respiratory Trials Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.; Joint first authors, with equal contribution to study recruitment and manuscript writing.; Gerry S; Centre for Statistics in Medicine, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.; Piccolo F; Dept of Respiratory Medicine, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, Australia.; Koegelenberg CF; Division of Pulmonology, Dept of Medicine, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.; Saba T; Blackpool Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Blackpool, UK.; Daneshvar C; University Hospitals Plymouth NHS Trust, Plymouth, UK.; Fairbairn I; Victoria Hospital, NHS Fife, Kirkcaldy, UK.; Heinink R; Shrewsbury and Telford Hospital NHS Trust, Shrewsbury, UK.; West A; Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.; Stanton AE; Great Western Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Swindon, UK.; Holme J; University Hospital of South Manchester NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK.; Kastelik JA; Hull and East Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Hull, UK.; Steer H; Gloucestershire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cheltenham, UK.; Downer NJ; Sherwood Forest Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Mansfield, UK.; Haris M; University Hospitals of North Midlands NHS Trust, Stoke-on-Trent, UK.; Baker EH; Institute of Infection and Immunity, St George's, University of London, London, UK.; Everett CF; York Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, York, UK.; Pepperell J; Taunton and Somerset NHS Foundation Trust, Taunton, UK.; Bewick T; Derby Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Derby, UK.; Yarmus L; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.; Maldonado F; Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA.; Khan B; Dartford and Gravesham NHS Trust, Dartford, UK.; Hart-Thomas A; Calderdale and Huddersfield NHS Foundation Trust, Huddersfield, UK.; Hands G; Northern Devon Healthcare NHS Trust, Barnstaple, UK.; Warwick G; King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.; De Fonseka D; Academic Respiratory Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.; Hassan M; Oxford Centre for Respiratory Medicine, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK.; Oxford Respiratory Trials Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.; Chest Diseases Dept, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.; Munavvar M; Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston, UK.; Guhan A; University Hospital Ayr, NHS Ayrshire and Arran, Ayr, UK.; Shahidi M; Buckinghamshire Healthcare NHS Trust, Amersham, UK.; Pogson Z; United Lincolnshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Lincoln, UK.; Dowson L; Royal Wolverhampton Hospital NHS Trust, Wolverhampton, UK.; Popowicz ND; Dept of Respiratory Medicine, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, Australia.; Saba J; Blackpool Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Blackpool, UK.; Ward NR; University Hospitals Plymouth NHS Trust, Plymouth, UK.; Hallifax RJ; Oxford Centre for Respiratory Medicine, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK.; Oxford Respiratory Trials Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.; Dobson M; Oxford Respiratory Trials Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.; Shaw R; Oxford Respiratory Trials Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.; Hedley EL; Oxford Respiratory Trials Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.; Sabia A; Oxford Respiratory Trials Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.; Robinson B; Oxford Respiratory Trials Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.; Collins GS; Centre for Statistics in Medicine, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.; Davies HE; University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK.; Yu LM; Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.; Miller RF; Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK.; Maskell NA; Academic Respiratory Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.; Rahman NM; Oxford Centre for Respiratory Medicine, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK.; Oxford Respiratory Trials Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.; Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK.

Publisher: European Respiratory Society Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 8803460 Publication Model: Electronic-Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1399-3003 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 09031936 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Eur Respir J Subsets: MEDLINE

Bhatnagar R; From the Academic Respiratory Unit, University of Bristol (R.B., S.P.W., A.C.B., N.A.M.), and North Bristol NHS Trust (R.B., E.K.K., A.J.M., S.P.W., A.C.B., S.S., L.J.S., N.J.Z.-E., J.E.H., N.A.M.), Bristol, the Pragmatic Clinical Trials Unit, Queen Mary University of London (B.C.K.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (L.A., A.W.), King's College School of Medicine, King's College University (L.A.), and the Institute for Global Health, University College London (R.F.M.), London, Great Western Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Swindon (A.E.S.), University Hospital of North Midlands NHS Trust, Stoke-on-Trent (M.H.), the School of Medicine, Keele University, Newcastle-under-Lyme (M.H.), North Tees and Hartlepool NHS Foundation Trust, Stockton-on-Tees (R.N.H.), South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesbrough (R.A.M.), Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Portsmouth (L.J.B.), Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester (J. Holme, M.E.), Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston (M.M.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge (P.S., J. Herre), Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, North Shields (D.C.), Sherwood Forest Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton-in-Ashfield (M.R.), NHS Ayrshire and Arran, Ayr (A.G.), Worcester Acute Hospitals NHS Trust, Worcester (C.H.), Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Bath (J.W.), Blackpool Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Blackpool (T.S.S.), Aintree University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool (B.C.), Hampshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Winchester (S.G.), and the Oxford Respiratory Trials Unit, University of Oxford (I.P., N.M.R.), the Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (I.P., N.M.R.), and the Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre (N.M.R.), Oxford - all in the United Kingdom; and the Institute for Respiratory Health, University of Western Australia, and Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia (Y.C.G.L.).; Keenan EK; From the Academic Respiratory Unit, University of Bristol (R.B., S.P.W., A.C.B., N.A.M.), and North Bristol NHS Trust (R.B., E.K.K., A.J.M., S.P.W., A.C.B., S.S., L.J.S., N.J.Z.-E., J.E.H., N.A.M.), Bristol, the Pragmatic Clinical Trials Unit, Queen Mary University of London (B.C.K.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (L.A., A.W.), King's College School of Medicine, King's College University (L.A.), and the Institute for Global Health, University College London (R.F.M.), London, Great Western Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Swindon (A.E.S.), University Hospital of North Midlands NHS Trust, Stoke-on-Trent (M.H.), the School of Medicine, Keele University, Newcastle-under-Lyme (M.H.), North Tees and Hartlepool NHS Foundation Trust, Stockton-on-Tees (R.N.H.), South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesbrough (R.A.M.), Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Portsmouth (L.J.B.), Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester (J. Holme, M.E.), Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston (M.M.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge (P.S., J. Herre), Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, North Shields (D.C.), Sherwood Forest Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton-in-Ashfield (M.R.), NHS Ayrshire and Arran, Ayr (A.G.), Worcester Acute Hospitals NHS Trust, Worcester (C.H.), Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Bath (J.W.), Blackpool Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Blackpool (T.S.S.), Aintree University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool (B.C.), Hampshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Winchester (S.G.), and the Oxford Respiratory Trials Unit, University of Oxford (I.P., N.M.R.), the Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (I.P., N.M.R.), and the Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre (N.M.R.), Oxford - all in the United Kingdom; and the Institute for Respiratory Health, University of Western Australia, and Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia (Y.C.G.L.).; Morley AJ; From the Academic Respiratory Unit, University of Bristol (R.B., S.P.W., A.C.B., N.A.M.), and North Bristol NHS Trust (R.B., E.K.K., A.J.M., S.P.W., A.C.B., S.S., L.J.S., N.J.Z.-E., J.E.H., N.A.M.), Bristol, the Pragmatic Clinical Trials Unit, Queen Mary University of London (B.C.K.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (L.A., A.W.), King's College School of Medicine, King's College University (L.A.), and the Institute for Global Health, University College London (R.F.M.), London, Great Western Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Swindon (A.E.S.), University Hospital of North Midlands NHS Trust, Stoke-on-Trent (M.H.), the School of Medicine, Keele University, Newcastle-under-Lyme (M.H.), North Tees and Hartlepool NHS Foundation Trust, Stockton-on-Tees (R.N.H.), South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesbrough (R.A.M.), Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Portsmouth (L.J.B.), Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester (J. Holme, M.E.), Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston (M.M.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge (P.S., J. Herre), Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, North Shields (D.C.), Sherwood Forest Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton-in-Ashfield (M.R.), NHS Ayrshire and Arran, Ayr (A.G.), Worcester Acute Hospitals NHS Trust, Worcester (C.H.), Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Bath (J.W.), Blackpool Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Blackpool (T.S.S.), Aintree University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool (B.C.), Hampshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Winchester (S.G.), and the Oxford Respiratory Trials Unit, University of Oxford (I.P., N.M.R.), the Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (I.P., N.M.R.), and the Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre (N.M.R.), Oxford - all in the United Kingdom; and the Institute for Respiratory Health, University of Western Australia, and Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia (Y.C.G.L.).; Kahan BC; From the Academic Respiratory Unit, University of Bristol (R.B., S.P.W., A.C.B., N.A.M.), and North Bristol NHS Trust (R.B., E.K.K., A.J.M., S.P.W., A.C.B., S.S., L.J.S., N.J.Z.-E., J.E.H., N.A.M.), Bristol, the Pragmatic Clinical Trials Unit, Queen Mary University of London (B.C.K.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (L.A., A.W.), King's College School of Medicine, King's College University (L.A.), and the Institute for Global Health, University College London (R.F.M.), London, Great Western Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Swindon (A.E.S.), University Hospital of North Midlands NHS Trust, Stoke-on-Trent (M.H.), the School of Medicine, Keele University, Newcastle-under-Lyme (M.H.), North Tees and Hartlepool NHS Foundation Trust, Stockton-on-Tees (R.N.H.), South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesbrough (R.A.M.), Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Portsmouth (L.J.B.), Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester (J. Holme, M.E.), Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston (M.M.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge (P.S., J. Herre), Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, North Shields (D.C.), Sherwood Forest Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton-in-Ashfield (M.R.), NHS Ayrshire and Arran, Ayr (A.G.), Worcester Acute Hospitals NHS Trust, Worcester (C.H.), Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Bath (J.W.), Blackpool Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Blackpool (T.S.S.), Aintree University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool (B.C.), Hampshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Winchester (S.G.), and the Oxford Respiratory Trials Unit, University of Oxford (I.P., N.M.R.), the Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (I.P., N.M.R.), and the Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre (N.M.R.), Oxford - all in the United Kingdom; and the Institute for Respiratory Health, University of Western Australia, and Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia (Y.C.G.L.).; Stanton AE; From the Academic Respiratory Unit, University of Bristol (R.B., S.P.W., A.C.B., N.A.M.), and North Bristol NHS Trust (R.B., E.K.K., A.J.M., S.P.W., A.C.B., S.S., L.J.S., N.J.Z.-E., J.E.H., N.A.M.), Bristol, the Pragmatic Clinical Trials Unit, Queen Mary University of London (B.C.K.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (L.A., A.W.), King's College School of Medicine, King's College University (L.A.), and the Institute for Global Health, University College London (R.F.M.), London, Great Western Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Swindon (A.E.S.), University Hospital of North Midlands NHS Trust, Stoke-on-Trent (M.H.), the School of Medicine, Keele University, Newcastle-under-Lyme (M.H.), North Tees and Hartlepool NHS Foundation Trust, Stockton-on-Tees (R.N.H.), South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesbrough (R.A.M.), Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Portsmouth (L.J.B.), Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester (J. Holme, M.E.), Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston (M.M.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge (P.S., J. Herre), Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, North Shields (D.C.), Sherwood Forest Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton-in-Ashfield (M.R.), NHS Ayrshire and Arran, Ayr (A.G.), Worcester Acute Hospitals NHS Trust, Worcester (C.H.), Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Bath (J.W.), Blackpool Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Blackpool (T.S.S.), Aintree University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool (B.C.), Hampshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Winchester (S.G.), and the Oxford Respiratory Trials Unit, University of Oxford (I.P., N.M.R.), the Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (I.P., N.M.R.), and the Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre (N.M.R.), Oxford - all in the United Kingdom; and the Institute for Respiratory Health, University of Western Australia, and Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia (Y.C.G.L.).; Haris M; From the Academic Respiratory Unit, University of Bristol (R.B., S.P.W., A.C.B., N.A.M.), and North Bristol NHS Trust (R.B., E.K.K., A.J.M., S.P.W., A.C.B., S.S., L.J.S., N.J.Z.-E., J.E.H., N.A.M.), Bristol, the Pragmatic Clinical Trials Unit, Queen Mary University of London (B.C.K.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (L.A., A.W.), King's College School of Medicine, King's College University (L.A.), and the Institute for Global Health, University College London (R.F.M.), London, Great Western Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Swindon (A.E.S.), University Hospital of North Midlands NHS Trust, Stoke-on-Trent (M.H.), the School of Medicine, Keele University, Newcastle-under-Lyme (M.H.), North Tees and Hartlepool NHS Foundation Trust, Stockton-on-Tees (R.N.H.), South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesbrough (R.A.M.), Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Portsmouth (L.J.B.), Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester (J. Holme, M.E.), Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston (M.M.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge (P.S., J. Herre), Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, North Shields (D.C.), Sherwood Forest Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton-in-Ashfield (M.R.), NHS Ayrshire and Arran, Ayr (A.G.), Worcester Acute Hospitals NHS Trust, Worcester (C.H.), Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Bath (J.W.), Blackpool Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Blackpool (T.S.S.), Aintree University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool (B.C.), Hampshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Winchester (S.G.), and the Oxford Respiratory Trials Unit, University of Oxford (I.P., N.M.R.), the Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (I.P., N.M.R.), and the Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre (N.M.R.), Oxford - all in the United Kingdom; and the Institute for Respiratory Health, University of Western Australia, and Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia (Y.C.G.L.).; Harrison RN; From the Academic Respiratory Unit, University of Bristol (R.B., S.P.W., A.C.B., N.A.M.), and North Bristol NHS Trust (R.B., E.K.K., A.J.M., S.P.W., A.C.B., S.S., L.J.S., N.J.Z.-E., J.E.H., N.A.M.), Bristol, the Pragmatic Clinical Trials Unit, Queen Mary University of London (B.C.K.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (L.A., A.W.), King's College School of Medicine, King's College University (L.A.), and the Institute for Global Health, University College London (R.F.M.), London, Great Western Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Swindon (A.E.S.), University Hospital of North Midlands NHS Trust, Stoke-on-Trent (M.H.), the School of Medicine, Keele University, Newcastle-under-Lyme (M.H.), North Tees and Hartlepool NHS Foundation Trust, Stockton-on-Tees (R.N.H.), South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesbrough (R.A.M.), Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Portsmouth (L.J.B.), Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester (J. Holme, M.E.), Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston (M.M.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge (P.S., J. Herre), Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, North Shields (D.C.), Sherwood Forest Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton-in-Ashfield (M.R.), NHS Ayrshire and Arran, Ayr (A.G.), Worcester Acute Hospitals NHS Trust, Worcester (C.H.), Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Bath (J.W.), Blackpool Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Blackpool (T.S.S.), Aintree University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool (B.C.), Hampshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Winchester (S.G.), and the Oxford Respiratory Trials Unit, University of Oxford (I.P., N.M.R.), the Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (I.P., N.M.R.), and the Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre (N.M.R.), Oxford - all in the United Kingdom; and the Institute for Respiratory Health, University of Western Australia, and Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia (Y.C.G.L.).; Mustafa RA; From the Academic Respiratory Unit, University of Bristol (R.B., S.P.W., A.C.B., N.A.M.), and North Bristol NHS Trust (R.B., E.K.K., A.J.M., S.P.W., A.C.B., S.S., L.J.S., N.J.Z.-E., J.E.H., N.A.M.), Bristol, the Pragmatic Clinical Trials Unit, Queen Mary University of London (B.C.K.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (L.A., A.W.), King's College School of Medicine, King's College University (L.A.), and the Institute for Global Health, University College London (R.F.M.), London, Great Western Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Swindon (A.E.S.), University Hospital of North Midlands NHS Trust, Stoke-on-Trent (M.H.), the School of Medicine, Keele University, Newcastle-under-Lyme (M.H.), North Tees and Hartlepool NHS Foundation Trust, Stockton-on-Tees (R.N.H.), South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesbrough (R.A.M.), Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Portsmouth (L.J.B.), Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester (J. Holme, M.E.), Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston (M.M.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge (P.S., J. Herre), Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, North Shields (D.C.), Sherwood Forest Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton-in-Ashfield (M.R.), NHS Ayrshire and Arran, Ayr (A.G.), Worcester Acute Hospitals NHS Trust, Worcester (C.H.), Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Bath (J.W.), Blackpool Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Blackpool (T.S.S.), Aintree University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool (B.C.), Hampshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Winchester (S.G.), and the Oxford Respiratory Trials Unit, University of Oxford (I.P., N.M.R.), the Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (I.P., N.M.R.), and the Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre (N.M.R.), Oxford - all in the United Kingdom; and the Institute for Respiratory Health, University of Western Australia, and Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia (Y.C.G.L.).; Bishop LJ; From the Academic Respiratory Unit, University of Bristol (R.B., S.P.W., A.C.B., N.A.M.), and North Bristol NHS Trust (R.B., E.K.K., A.J.M., S.P.W., A.C.B., S.S., L.J.S., N.J.Z.-E., J.E.H., N.A.M.), Bristol, the Pragmatic Clinical Trials Unit, Queen Mary University of London (B.C.K.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (L.A., A.W.), King's College School of Medicine, King's College University (L.A.), and the Institute for Global Health, University College London (R.F.M.), London, Great Western Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Swindon (A.E.S.), University Hospital of North Midlands NHS Trust, Stoke-on-Trent (M.H.), the School of Medicine, Keele University, Newcastle-under-Lyme (M.H.), North Tees and Hartlepool NHS Foundation Trust, Stockton-on-Tees (R.N.H.), South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesbrough (R.A.M.), Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Portsmouth (L.J.B.), Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester (J. Holme, M.E.), Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston (M.M.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge (P.S., J. Herre), Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, North Shields (D.C.), Sherwood Forest Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton-in-Ashfield (M.R.), NHS Ayrshire and Arran, Ayr (A.G.), Worcester Acute Hospitals NHS Trust, Worcester (C.H.), Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Bath (J.W.), Blackpool Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Blackpool (T.S.S.), Aintree University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool (B.C.), Hampshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Winchester (S.G.), and the Oxford Respiratory Trials Unit, University of Oxford (I.P., N.M.R.), the Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (I.P., N.M.R.), and the Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre (N.M.R.), Oxford - all in the United Kingdom; and the Institute for Respiratory Health, University of Western Australia, and Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia (Y.C.G.L.).; Ahmed L; From the Academic Respiratory Unit, University of Bristol (R.B., S.P.W., A.C.B., N.A.M.), and North Bristol NHS Trust (R.B., E.K.K., A.J.M., S.P.W., A.C.B., S.S., L.J.S., N.J.Z.-E., J.E.H., N.A.M.), Bristol, the Pragmatic Clinical Trials Unit, Queen Mary University of London (B.C.K.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (L.A., A.W.), King's College School of Medicine, King's College University (L.A.), and the Institute for Global Health, University College London (R.F.M.), London, Great Western Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Swindon (A.E.S.), University Hospital of North Midlands NHS Trust, Stoke-on-Trent (M.H.), the School of Medicine, Keele University, Newcastle-under-Lyme (M.H.), North Tees and Hartlepool NHS Foundation Trust, Stockton-on-Tees (R.N.H.), South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesbrough (R.A.M.), Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Portsmouth (L.J.B.), Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester (J. Holme, M.E.), Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston (M.M.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge (P.S., J. Herre), Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, North Shields (D.C.), Sherwood Forest Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton-in-Ashfield (M.R.), NHS Ayrshire and Arran, Ayr (A.G.), Worcester Acute Hospitals NHS Trust, Worcester (C.H.), Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Bath (J.W.), Blackpool Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Blackpool (T.S.S.), Aintree University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool (B.C.), Hampshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Winchester (S.G.), and the Oxford Respiratory Trials Unit, University of Oxford (I.P., N.M.R.), the Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (I.P., N.M.R.), and the Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre (N.M.R.), Oxford - all in the United Kingdom; and the Institute for Respiratory Health, University of Western Australia, and Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia (Y.C.G.L.).; West A; From the Academic Respiratory Unit, University of Bristol (R.B., S.P.W., A.C.B., N.A.M.), and North Bristol NHS Trust (R.B., E.K.K., A.J.M., S.P.W., A.C.B., S.S., L.J.S., N.J.Z.-E., J.E.H., N.A.M.), Bristol, the Pragmatic Clinical Trials Unit, Queen Mary University of London (B.C.K.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (L.A., A.W.), King's College School of Medicine, King's College University (L.A.), and the Institute for Global Health, University College London (R.F.M.), London, Great Western Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Swindon (A.E.S.), University Hospital of North Midlands NHS Trust, Stoke-on-Trent (M.H.), the School of Medicine, Keele University, Newcastle-under-Lyme (M.H.), North Tees and Hartlepool NHS Foundation Trust, Stockton-on-Tees (R.N.H.), South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesbrough (R.A.M.), Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Portsmouth (L.J.B.), Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester (J. Holme, M.E.), Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston (M.M.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge (P.S., J. Herre), Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, North Shields (D.C.), Sherwood Forest Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton-in-Ashfield (M.R.), NHS Ayrshire and Arran, Ayr (A.G.), Worcester Acute Hospitals NHS Trust, Worcester (C.H.), Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Bath (J.W.), Blackpool Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Blackpool (T.S.S.), Aintree University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool (B.C.), Hampshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Winchester (S.G.), and the Oxford Respiratory Trials Unit, University of Oxford (I.P., N.M.R.), the Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (I.P., N.M.R.), and the Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre (N.M.R.), Oxford - all in the United Kingdom; and the Institute for Respiratory Health, University of Western Australia, and Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia (Y.C.G.L.).; Holme J; From the Academic Respiratory Unit, University of Bristol (R.B., S.P.W., A.C.B., N.A.M.), and North Bristol NHS Trust (R.B., E.K.K., A.J.M., S.P.W., A.C.B., S.S., L.J.S., N.J.Z.-E., J.E.H., N.A.M.), Bristol, the Pragmatic Clinical Trials Unit, Queen Mary University of London (B.C.K.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (L.A., A.W.), King's College School of Medicine, King's College University (L.A.), and the Institute for Global Health, University College London (R.F.M.), London, Great Western Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Swindon (A.E.S.), University Hospital of North Midlands NHS Trust, Stoke-on-Trent (M.H.), the School of Medicine, Keele University, Newcastle-under-Lyme (M.H.), North Tees and Hartlepool NHS Foundation Trust, Stockton-on-Tees (R.N.H.), South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesbrough (R.A.M.), Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Portsmouth (L.J.B.), Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester (J. Holme, M.E.), Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston (M.M.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge (P.S., J. Herre), Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, North Shields (D.C.), Sherwood Forest Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton-in-Ashfield (M.R.), NHS Ayrshire and Arran, Ayr (A.G.), Worcester Acute Hospitals NHS Trust, Worcester (C.H.), Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Bath (J.W.), Blackpool Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Blackpool (T.S.S.), Aintree University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool (B.C.), Hampshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Winchester (S.G.), and the Oxford Respiratory Trials Unit, University of Oxford (I.P., N.M.R.), the Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (I.P., N.M.R.), and the Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre (N.M.R.), Oxford - all in the United Kingdom; and the Institute for Respiratory Health, University of Western Australia, and Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia (Y.C.G.L.).; Evison M; From the Academic Respiratory Unit, University of Bristol (R.B., S.P.W., A.C.B., N.A.M.), and North Bristol NHS Trust (R.B., E.K.K., A.J.M., S.P.W., A.C.B., S.S., L.J.S., N.J.Z.-E., J.E.H., N.A.M.), Bristol, the Pragmatic Clinical Trials Unit, Queen Mary University of London (B.C.K.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (L.A., A.W.), King's College School of Medicine, King's College University (L.A.), and the Institute for Global Health, University College London (R.F.M.), London, Great Western Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Swindon (A.E.S.), University Hospital of North Midlands NHS Trust, Stoke-on-Trent (M.H.), the School of Medicine, Keele University, Newcastle-under-Lyme (M.H.), North Tees and Hartlepool NHS Foundation Trust, Stockton-on-Tees (R.N.H.), South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesbrough (R.A.M.), Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Portsmouth (L.J.B.), Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester (J. Holme, M.E.), Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston (M.M.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge (P.S., J. Herre), Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, North Shields (D.C.), Sherwood Forest Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton-in-Ashfield (M.R.), NHS Ayrshire and Arran, Ayr (A.G.), Worcester Acute Hospitals NHS Trust, Worcester (C.H.), Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Bath (J.W.), Blackpool Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Blackpool (T.S.S.), Aintree University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool (B.C.), Hampshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Winchester (S.G.), and the Oxford Respiratory Trials Unit, University of Oxford (I.P., N.M.R.), the Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (I.P., N.M.R.), and the Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre (N.M.R.), Oxford - all in the United Kingdom; and the Institute for Respiratory Health, University of Western Australia, and Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia (Y.C.G.L.).; Munavvar M; From the Academic Respiratory Unit, University of Bristol (R.B., S.P.W., A.C.B., N.A.M.), and North Bristol NHS Trust (R.B., E.K.K., A.J.M., S.P.W., A.C.B., S.S., L.J.S., N.J.Z.-E., J.E.H., N.A.M.), Bristol, the Pragmatic Clinical Trials Unit, Queen Mary University of London (B.C.K.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (L.A., A.W.), King's College School of Medicine, King's College University (L.A.), and the Institute for Global Health, University College London (R.F.M.), London, Great Western Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Swindon (A.E.S.), University Hospital of North Midlands NHS Trust, Stoke-on-Trent (M.H.), the School of Medicine, Keele University, Newcastle-under-Lyme (M.H.), North Tees and Hartlepool NHS Foundation Trust, Stockton-on-Tees (R.N.H.), South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesbrough (R.A.M.), Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Portsmouth (L.J.B.), Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester (J. Holme, M.E.), Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston (M.M.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge (P.S., J. Herre), Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, North Shields (D.C.), Sherwood Forest Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton-in-Ashfield (M.R.), NHS Ayrshire and Arran, Ayr (A.G.), Worcester Acute Hospitals NHS Trust, Worcester (C.H.), Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Bath (J.W.), Blackpool Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Blackpool (T.S.S.), Aintree University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool (B.C.), Hampshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Winchester (S.G.), and the Oxford Respiratory Trials Unit, University of Oxford (I.P., N.M.R.), the Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (I.P., N.M.R.), and the Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre (N.M.R.), Oxford - all in the United Kingdom; and the Institute for Respiratory Health, University of Western Australia, and Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia (Y.C.G.L.).; Sivasothy P; From the Academic Respiratory Unit, University of Bristol (R.B., S.P.W., A.C.B., N.A.M.), and North Bristol NHS Trust (R.B., E.K.K., A.J.M., S.P.W., A.C.B., S.S., L.J.S., N.J.Z.-E., J.E.H., N.A.M.), Bristol, the Pragmatic Clinical Trials Unit, Queen Mary University of London (B.C.K.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (L.A., A.W.), King's College School of Medicine, King's College University (L.A.), and the Institute for Global Health, University College London (R.F.M.), London, Great Western Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Swindon (A.E.S.), University Hospital of North Midlands NHS Trust, Stoke-on-Trent (M.H.), the School of Medicine, Keele University, Newcastle-under-Lyme (M.H.), North Tees and Hartlepool NHS Foundation Trust, Stockton-on-Tees (R.N.H.), South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesbrough (R.A.M.), Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Portsmouth (L.J.B.), Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester (J. Holme, M.E.), Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston (M.M.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge (P.S., J. Herre), Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, North Shields (D.C.), Sherwood Forest Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton-in-Ashfield (M.R.), NHS Ayrshire and Arran, Ayr (A.G.), Worcester Acute Hospitals NHS Trust, Worcester (C.H.), Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Bath (J.W.), Blackpool Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Blackpool (T.S.S.), Aintree University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool (B.C.), Hampshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Winchester (S.G.), and the Oxford Respiratory Trials Unit, University of Oxford (I.P., N.M.R.), the Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (I.P., N.M.R.), and the Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre (N.M.R.), Oxford - all in the United Kingdom; and the Institute for Respiratory Health, University of Western Australia, and Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia (Y.C.G.L.).; Herre J; From the Academic Respiratory Unit, University of Bristol (R.B., S.P.W., A.C.B., N.A.M.), and North Bristol NHS Trust (R.B., E.K.K., A.J.M., S.P.W., A.C.B., S.S., L.J.S., N.J.Z.-E., J.E.H., N.A.M.), Bristol, the Pragmatic Clinical Trials Unit, Queen Mary University of London (B.C.K.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (L.A., A.W.), King's College School of Medicine, King's College University (L.A.), and the Institute for Global Health, University College London (R.F.M.), London, Great Western Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Swindon (A.E.S.), University Hospital of North Midlands NHS Trust, Stoke-on-Trent (M.H.), the School of Medicine, Keele University, Newcastle-under-Lyme (M.H.), North Tees and Hartlepool NHS Foundation Trust, Stockton-on-Tees (R.N.H.), South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesbrough (R.A.M.), Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Portsmouth (L.J.B.), Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester (J. Holme, M.E.), Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston (M.M.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge (P.S., J. Herre), Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, North Shields (D.C.), Sherwood Forest Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton-in-Ashfield (M.R.), NHS Ayrshire and Arran, Ayr (A.G.), Worcester Acute Hospitals NHS Trust, Worcester (C.H.), Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Bath (J.W.), Blackpool Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Blackpool (T.S.S.), Aintree University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool (B.C.), Hampshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Winchester (S.G.), and the Oxford Respiratory Trials Unit, University of Oxford (I.P., N.M.R.), the Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (I.P., N.M.R.), and the Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre (N.M.R.), Oxford - all in the United Kingdom; and the Institute for Respiratory Health, University of Western Australia, and Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia (Y.C.G.L.).; Cooper D; From the Academic Respiratory Unit, University of Bristol (R.B., S.P.W., A.C.B., N.A.M.), and North Bristol NHS Trust (R.B., E.K.K., A.J.M., S.P.W., A.C.B., S.S., L.J.S., N.J.Z.-E., J.E.H., N.A.M.), Bristol, the Pragmatic Clinical Trials Unit, Queen Mary University of London (B.C.K.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (L.A., A.W.), King's College School of Medicine, King's College University (L.A.), and the Institute for Global Health, University College London (R.F.M.), London, Great Western Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Swindon (A.E.S.), University Hospital of North Midlands NHS Trust, Stoke-on-Trent (M.H.), the School of Medicine, Keele University, Newcastle-under-Lyme (M.H.), North Tees and Hartlepool NHS Foundation Trust, Stockton-on-Tees (R.N.H.), South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesbrough (R.A.M.), Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Portsmouth (L.J.B.), Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester (J. Holme, M.E.), Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston (M.M.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge (P.S., J. Herre), Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, North Shields (D.C.), Sherwood Forest Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton-in-Ashfield (M.R.), NHS Ayrshire and Arran, Ayr (A.G.), Worcester Acute Hospitals NHS Trust, Worcester (C.H.), Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Bath (J.W.), Blackpool Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Blackpool (T.S.S.), Aintree University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool (B.C.), Hampshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Winchester (S.G.), and the Oxford Respiratory Trials Unit, University of Oxford (I.P., N.M.R.), the Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (I.P., N.M.R.), and the Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre (N.M.R.), Oxford - all in the United Kingdom; and the Institute for Respiratory Health, University of Western Australia, and Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia (Y.C.G.L.).; Roberts M; From the Academic Respiratory Unit, University of Bristol (R.B., S.P.W., A.C.B., N.A.M.), and North Bristol NHS Trust (R.B., E.K.K., A.J.M., S.P.W., A.C.B., S.S., L.J.S., N.J.Z.-E., J.E.H., N.A.M.), Bristol, the Pragmatic Clinical Trials Unit, Queen Mary University of London (B.C.K.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (L.A., A.W.), King's College School of Medicine, King's College University (L.A.), and the Institute for Global Health, University College London (R.F.M.), London, Great Western Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Swindon (A.E.S.), University Hospital of North Midlands NHS Trust, Stoke-on-Trent (M.H.), the School of Medicine, Keele University, Newcastle-under-Lyme (M.H.), North Tees and Hartlepool NHS Foundation Trust, Stockton-on-Tees (R.N.H.), South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesbrough (R.A.M.), Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Portsmouth (L.J.B.), Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester (J. Holme, M.E.), Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston (M.M.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge (P.S., J. Herre), Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, North Shields (D.C.), Sherwood Forest Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton-in-Ashfield (M.R.), NHS Ayrshire and Arran, Ayr (A.G.), Worcester Acute Hospitals NHS Trust, Worcester (C.H.), Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Bath (J.W.), Blackpool Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Blackpool (T.S.S.), Aintree University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool (B.C.), Hampshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Winchester (S.G.), and the Oxford Respiratory Trials Unit, University of Oxford (I.P., N.M.R.), the Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (I.P., N.M.R.), and the Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre (N.M.R.), Oxford - all in the United Kingdom; and the Institute for Respiratory Health, University of Western Australia, and Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia (Y.C.G.L.).; Guhan A; From the Academic Respiratory Unit, University of Bristol (R.B., S.P.W., A.C.B., N.A.M.), and North Bristol NHS Trust (R.B., E.K.K., A.J.M., S.P.W., A.C.B., S.S., L.J.S., N.J.Z.-E., J.E.H., N.A.M.), Bristol, the Pragmatic Clinical Trials Unit, Queen Mary University of London (B.C.K.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (L.A., A.W.), King's College School of Medicine, King's College University (L.A.), and the Institute for Global Health, University College London (R.F.M.), London, Great Western Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Swindon (A.E.S.), University Hospital of North Midlands NHS Trust, Stoke-on-Trent (M.H.), the School of Medicine, Keele University, Newcastle-under-Lyme (M.H.), North Tees and Hartlepool NHS Foundation Trust, Stockton-on-Tees (R.N.H.), South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesbrough (R.A.M.), Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Portsmouth (L.J.B.), Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester (J. Holme, M.E.), Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston (M.M.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge (P.S., J. Herre), Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, North Shields (D.C.), Sherwood Forest Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton-in-Ashfield (M.R.), NHS Ayrshire and Arran, Ayr (A.G.), Worcester Acute Hospitals NHS Trust, Worcester (C.H.), Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Bath (J.W.), Blackpool Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Blackpool (T.S.S.), Aintree University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool (B.C.), Hampshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Winchester (S.G.), and the Oxford Respiratory Trials Unit, University of Oxford (I.P., N.M.R.), the Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (I.P., N.M.R.), and the Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre (N.M.R.), Oxford - all in the United Kingdom; and the Institute for Respiratory Health, University of Western Australia, and Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia (Y.C.G.L.).; Hooper C; From the Academic Respiratory Unit, University of Bristol (R.B., S.P.W., A.C.B., N.A.M.), and North Bristol NHS Trust (R.B., E.K.K., A.J.M., S.P.W., A.C.B., S.S., L.J.S., N.J.Z.-E., J.E.H., N.A.M.), Bristol, the Pragmatic Clinical Trials Unit, Queen Mary University of London (B.C.K.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (L.A., A.W.), King's College School of Medicine, King's College University (L.A.), and the Institute for Global Health, University College London (R.F.M.), London, Great Western Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Swindon (A.E.S.), University Hospital of North Midlands NHS Trust, Stoke-on-Trent (M.H.), the School of Medicine, Keele University, Newcastle-under-Lyme (M.H.), North Tees and Hartlepool NHS Foundation Trust, Stockton-on-Tees (R.N.H.), South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesbrough (R.A.M.), Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Portsmouth (L.J.B.), Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester (J. Holme, M.E.), Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston (M.M.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge (P.S., J. Herre), Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, North Shields (D.C.), Sherwood Forest Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton-in-Ashfield (M.R.), NHS Ayrshire and Arran, Ayr (A.G.), Worcester Acute Hospitals NHS Trust, Worcester (C.H.), Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Bath (J.W.), Blackpool Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Blackpool (T.S.S.), Aintree University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool (B.C.), Hampshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Winchester (S.G.), and the Oxford Respiratory Trials Unit, University of Oxford (I.P., N.M.R.), the Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (I.P., N.M.R.), and the Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre (N.M.R.), Oxford - all in the United Kingdom; and the Institute for Respiratory Health, University of Western Australia, and Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia (Y.C.G.L.).; Walters J; From the Academic Respiratory Unit, University of Bristol (R.B., S.P.W., A.C.B., N.A.M.), and North Bristol NHS Trust (R.B., E.K.K., A.J.M., S.P.W., A.C.B., S.S., L.J.S., N.J.Z.-E., J.E.H., N.A.M.), Bristol, the Pragmatic Clinical Trials Unit, Queen Mary University of London (B.C.K.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (L.A., A.W.), King's College School of Medicine, King's College University (L.A.), and the Institute for Global Health, University College London (R.F.M.), London, Great Western Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Swindon (A.E.S.), University Hospital of North Midlands NHS Trust, Stoke-on-Trent (M.H.), the School of Medicine, Keele University, Newcastle-under-Lyme (M.H.), North Tees and Hartlepool NHS Foundation Trust, Stockton-on-Tees (R.N.H.), South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesbrough (R.A.M.), Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Portsmouth (L.J.B.), Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester (J. Holme, M.E.), Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston (M.M.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge (P.S., J. Herre), Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, North Shields (D.C.), Sherwood Forest Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton-in-Ashfield (M.R.), NHS Ayrshire and Arran, Ayr (A.G.), Worcester Acute Hospitals NHS Trust, Worcester (C.H.), Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Bath (J.W.), Blackpool Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Blackpool (T.S.S.), Aintree University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool (B.C.), Hampshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Winchester (S.G.), and the Oxford Respiratory Trials Unit, University of Oxford (I.P., N.M.R.), the Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (I.P., N.M.R.), and the Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre (N.M.R.), Oxford - all in the United Kingdom; and the Institute for Respiratory Health, University of Western Australia, and Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia (Y.C.G.L.).; Saba TS; From the Academic Respiratory Unit, University of Bristol (R.B., S.P.W., A.C.B., N.A.M.), and North Bristol NHS Trust (R.B., E.K.K., A.J.M., S.P.W., A.C.B., S.S., L.J.S., N.J.Z.-E., J.E.H., N.A.M.), Bristol, the Pragmatic Clinical Trials Unit, Queen Mary University of London (B.C.K.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (L.A., A.W.), King's College School of Medicine, King's College University (L.A.), and the Institute for Global Health, University College London (R.F.M.), London, Great Western Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Swindon (A.E.S.), University Hospital of North Midlands NHS Trust, Stoke-on-Trent (M.H.), the School of Medicine, Keele University, Newcastle-under-Lyme (M.H.), North Tees and Hartlepool NHS Foundation Trust, Stockton-on-Tees (R.N.H.), South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesbrough (R.A.M.), Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Portsmouth (L.J.B.), Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester (J. Holme, M.E.), Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston (M.M.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge (P.S., J. Herre), Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, North Shields (D.C.), Sherwood Forest Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton-in-Ashfield (M.R.), NHS Ayrshire and Arran, Ayr (A.G.), Worcester Acute Hospitals NHS Trust, Worcester (C.H.), Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Bath (J.W.), Blackpool Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Blackpool (T.S.S.), Aintree University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool (B.C.), Hampshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Winchester (S.G.), and the Oxford Respiratory Trials Unit, University of Oxford (I.P., N.M.R.), the Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (I.P., N.M.R.), and the Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre (N.M.R.), Oxford - all in the United Kingdom; and the Institute for Respiratory Health, University of Western Australia, and Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia (Y.C.G.L.).; Chakrabarti B; From the Academic Respiratory Unit, University of Bristol (R.B., S.P.W., A.C.B., N.A.M.), and North Bristol NHS Trust (R.B., E.K.K., A.J.M., S.P.W., A.C.B., S.S., L.J.S., N.J.Z.-E., J.E.H., N.A.M.), Bristol, the Pragmatic Clinical Trials Unit, Queen Mary University of London (B.C.K.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (L.A., A.W.), King's College School of Medicine, King's College University (L.A.), and the Institute for Global Health, University College London (R.F.M.), London, Great Western Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Swindon (A.E.S.), University Hospital of North Midlands NHS Trust, Stoke-on-Trent (M.H.), the School of Medicine, Keele University, Newcastle-under-Lyme (M.H.), North Tees and Hartlepool NHS Foundation Trust, Stockton-on-Tees (R.N.H.), South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesbrough (R.A.M.), Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Portsmouth (L.J.B.), Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester (J. Holme, M.E.), Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston (M.M.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge (P.S., J. Herre), Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, North Shields (D.C.), Sherwood Forest Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton-in-Ashfield (M.R.), NHS Ayrshire and Arran, Ayr (A.G.), Worcester Acute Hospitals NHS Trust, Worcester (C.H.), Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Bath (J.W.), Blackpool Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Blackpool (T.S.S.), Aintree University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool (B.C.), Hampshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Winchester (S.G.), and the Oxford Respiratory Trials Unit, University of Oxford (I.P., N.M.R.), the Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (I.P., N.M.R.), and the Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre (N.M.R.), Oxford - all in the United Kingdom; and the Institute for Respiratory Health, University of Western Australia, and Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia (Y.C.G.L.).; Gunatilake S; From the Academic Respiratory Unit, University of Bristol (R.B., S.P.W., A.C.B., N.A.M.), and North Bristol NHS Trust (R.B., E.K.K., A.J.M., S.P.W., A.C.B., S.S., L.J.S., N.J.Z.-E., J.E.H., N.A.M.), Bristol, the Pragmatic Clinical Trials Unit, Queen Mary University of London (B.C.K.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (L.A., A.W.), King's College School of Medicine, King's College University (L.A.), and the Institute for Global Health, University College London (R.F.M.), London, Great Western Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Swindon (A.E.S.), University Hospital of North Midlands NHS Trust, Stoke-on-Trent (M.H.), the School of Medicine, Keele University, Newcastle-under-Lyme (M.H.), North Tees and Hartlepool NHS Foundation Trust, Stockton-on-Tees (R.N.H.), South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesbrough (R.A.M.), Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Portsmouth (L.J.B.), Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester (J. Holme, M.E.), Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston (M.M.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge (P.S., J. Herre), Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, North Shields (D.C.), Sherwood Forest Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton-in-Ashfield (M.R.), NHS Ayrshire and Arran, Ayr (A.G.), Worcester Acute Hospitals NHS Trust, Worcester (C.H.), Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Bath (J.W.), Blackpool Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Blackpool (T.S.S.), Aintree University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool (B.C.), Hampshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Winchester (S.G.), and the Oxford Respiratory Trials Unit, University of Oxford (I.P., N.M.R.), the Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (I.P., N.M.R.), and the Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre (N.M.R.), Oxford - all in the United Kingdom; and the Institute for Respiratory Health, University of Western Australia, and Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia (Y.C.G.L.).; Psallidas I; From the Academic Respiratory Unit, University of Bristol (R.B., S.P.W., A.C.B., N.A.M.), and North Bristol NHS Trust (R.B., E.K.K., A.J.M., S.P.W., A.C.B., S.S., L.J.S., N.J.Z.-E., J.E.H., N.A.M.), Bristol, the Pragmatic Clinical Trials Unit, Queen Mary University of London (B.C.K.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (L.A., A.W.), King's College School of Medicine, King's College University (L.A.), and the Institute for Global Health, University College London (R.F.M.), London, Great Western Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Swindon (A.E.S.), University Hospital of North Midlands NHS Trust, Stoke-on-Trent (M.H.), the School of Medicine, Keele University, Newcastle-under-Lyme (M.H.), North Tees and Hartlepool NHS Foundation Trust, Stockton-on-Tees (R.N.H.), South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesbrough (R.A.M.), Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Portsmouth (L.J.B.), Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester (J. Holme, M.E.), Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston (M.M.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge (P.S., J. Herre), Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, North Shields (D.C.), Sherwood Forest Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton-in-Ashfield (M.R.), NHS Ayrshire and Arran, Ayr (A.G.), Worcester Acute Hospitals NHS Trust, Worcester (C.H.), Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Bath (J.W.), Blackpool Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Blackpool (T.S.S.), Aintree University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool (B.C.), Hampshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Winchester (S.G.), and the Oxford Respiratory Trials Unit, University of Oxford (I.P., N.M.R.), the Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (I.P., N.M.R.), and the Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre (N.M.R.), Oxford - all in the United Kingdom; and the Institute for Respiratory Health, University of Western Australia, and Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia (Y.C.G.L.).; Walker SP; From the Academic Respiratory Unit, University of Bristol (R.B., S.P.W., A.C.B., N.A.M.), and North Bristol NHS Trust (R.B., E.K.K., A.J.M., S.P.W., A.C.B., S.S., L.J.S., N.J.Z.-E., J.E.H., N.A.M.), Bristol, the Pragmatic Clinical Trials Unit, Queen Mary University of London (B.C.K.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (L.A., A.W.), King's College School of Medicine, King's College University (L.A.), and the Institute for Global Health, University College London (R.F.M.), London, Great Western Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Swindon (A.E.S.), University Hospital of North Midlands NHS Trust, Stoke-on-Trent (M.H.), the School of Medicine, Keele University, Newcastle-under-Lyme (M.H.), North Tees and Hartlepool NHS Foundation Trust, Stockton-on-Tees (R.N.H.), South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesbrough (R.A.M.), Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Portsmouth (L.J.B.), Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester (J. Holme, M.E.), Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston (M.M.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge (P.S., J. Herre), Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, North Shields (D.C.), Sherwood Forest Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton-in-Ashfield (M.R.), NHS Ayrshire and Arran, Ayr (A.G.), Worcester Acute Hospitals NHS Trust, Worcester (C.H.), Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Bath (J.W.), Blackpool Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Blackpool (T.S.S.), Aintree University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool (B.C.), Hampshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Winchester (S.G.), and the Oxford Respiratory Trials Unit, University of Oxford (I.P., N.M.R.), the Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (I.P., N.M.R.), and the Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre (N.M.R.), Oxford - all in the United Kingdom; and the Institute for Respiratory Health, University of Western Australia, and Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia (Y.C.G.L.).; Bibby AC; From the Academic Respiratory Unit, University of Bristol (R.B., S.P.W., A.C.B., N.A.M.), and North Bristol NHS Trust (R.B., E.K.K., A.J.M., S.P.W., A.C.B., S.S., L.J.S., N.J.Z.-E., J.E.H., N.A.M.), Bristol, the Pragmatic Clinical Trials Unit, Queen Mary University of London (B.C.K.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (L.A., A.W.), King's College School of Medicine, King's College University (L.A.), and the Institute for Global Health, University College London (R.F.M.), London, Great Western Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Swindon (A.E.S.), University Hospital of North Midlands NHS Trust, Stoke-on-Trent (M.H.), the School of Medicine, Keele University, Newcastle-under-Lyme (M.H.), North Tees and Hartlepool NHS Foundation Trust, Stockton-on-Tees (R.N.H.), South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesbrough (R.A.M.), Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Portsmouth (L.J.B.), Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester (J. Holme, M.E.), Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston (M.M.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge (P.S., J. Herre), Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, North Shields (D.C.), Sherwood Forest Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton-in-Ashfield (M.R.), NHS Ayrshire and Arran, Ayr (A.G.), Worcester Acute Hospitals NHS Trust, Worcester (C.H.), Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Bath (J.W.), Blackpool Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Blackpool (T.S.S.), Aintree University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool (B.C.), Hampshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Winchester (S.G.), and the Oxford Respiratory Trials Unit, University of Oxford (I.P., N.M.R.), the Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (I.P., N.M.R.), and the Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre (N.M.R.), Oxford - all in the United Kingdom; and the Institute for Respiratory Health, University of Western Australia, and Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia (Y.C.G.L.).; Smith S; From the Academic Respiratory Unit, University of Bristol (R.B., S.P.W., A.C.B., N.A.M.), and North Bristol NHS Trust (R.B., E.K.K., A.J.M., S.P.W., A.C.B., S.S., L.J.S., N.J.Z.-E., J.E.H., N.A.M.), Bristol, the Pragmatic Clinical Trials Unit, Queen Mary University of London (B.C.K.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (L.A., A.W.), King's College School of Medicine, King's College University (L.A.), and the Institute for Global Health, University College London (R.F.M.), London, Great Western Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Swindon (A.E.S.), University Hospital of North Midlands NHS Trust, Stoke-on-Trent (M.H.), the School of Medicine, Keele University, Newcastle-under-Lyme (M.H.), North Tees and Hartlepool NHS Foundation Trust, Stockton-on-Tees (R.N.H.), South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesbrough (R.A.M.), Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Portsmouth (L.J.B.), Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester (J. Holme, M.E.), Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston (M.M.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge (P.S., J. Herre), Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, North Shields (D.C.), Sherwood Forest Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton-in-Ashfield (M.R.), NHS Ayrshire and Arran, Ayr (A.G.), Worcester Acute Hospitals NHS Trust, Worcester (C.H.), Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Bath (J.W.), Blackpool Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Blackpool (T.S.S.), Aintree University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool (B.C.), Hampshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Winchester (S.G.), and the Oxford Respiratory Trials Unit, University of Oxford (I.P., N.M.R.), the Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (I.P., N.M.R.), and the Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre (N.M.R.), Oxford - all in the United Kingdom; and the Institute for Respiratory Health, University of Western Australia, and Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia (Y.C.G.L.).; Stadon LJ; From the Academic Respiratory Unit, University of Bristol (R.B., S.P.W., A.C.B., N.A.M.), and North Bristol NHS Trust (R.B., E.K.K., A.J.M., S.P.W., A.C.B., S.S., L.J.S., N.J.Z.-E., J.E.H., N.A.M.), Bristol, the Pragmatic Clinical Trials Unit, Queen Mary University of London (B.C.K.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (L.A., A.W.), King's College School of Medicine, King's College University (L.A.), and the Institute for Global Health, University College London (R.F.M.), London, Great Western Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Swindon (A.E.S.), University Hospital of North Midlands NHS Trust, Stoke-on-Trent (M.H.), the School of Medicine, Keele University, Newcastle-under-Lyme (M.H.), North Tees and Hartlepool NHS Foundation Trust, Stockton-on-Tees (R.N.H.), South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesbrough (R.A.M.), Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Portsmouth (L.J.B.), Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester (J. Holme, M.E.), Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston (M.M.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge (P.S., J. Herre), Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, North Shields (D.C.), Sherwood Forest Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton-in-Ashfield (M.R.), NHS Ayrshire and Arran, Ayr (A.G.), Worcester Acute Hospitals NHS Trust, Worcester (C.H.), Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Bath (J.W.), Blackpool Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Blackpool (T.S.S.), Aintree University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool (B.C.), Hampshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Winchester (S.G.), and the Oxford Respiratory Trials Unit, University of Oxford (I.P., N.M.R.), the Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (I.P., N.M.R.), and the Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre (N.M.R.), Oxford - all in the United Kingdom; and the Institute for Respiratory Health, University of Western Australia, and Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia (Y.C.G.L.).; Zahan-Evans NJ; From the Academic Respiratory Unit, University of Bristol (R.B., S.P.W., A.C.B., N.A.M.), and North Bristol NHS Trust (R.B., E.K.K., A.J.M., S.P.W., A.C.B., S.S., L.J.S., N.J.Z.-E., J.E.H., N.A.M.), Bristol, the Pragmatic Clinical Trials Unit, Queen Mary University of London (B.C.K.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (L.A., A.W.), King's College School of Medicine, King's College University (L.A.), and the Institute for Global Health, University College London (R.F.M.), London, Great Western Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Swindon (A.E.S.), University Hospital of North Midlands NHS Trust, Stoke-on-Trent (M.H.), the School of Medicine, Keele University, Newcastle-under-Lyme (M.H.), North Tees and Hartlepool NHS Foundation Trust, Stockton-on-Tees (R.N.H.), South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesbrough (R.A.M.), Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Portsmouth (L.J.B.), Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester (J. Holme, M.E.), Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston (M.M.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge (P.S., J. Herre), Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, North Shields (D.C.), Sherwood Forest Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton-in-Ashfield (M.R.), NHS Ayrshire and Arran, Ayr (A.G.), Worcester Acute Hospitals NHS Trust, Worcester (C.H.), Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Bath (J.W.), Blackpool Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Blackpool (T.S.S.), Aintree University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool (B.C.), Hampshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Winchester (S.G.), and the Oxford Respiratory Trials Unit, University of Oxford (I.P., N.M.R.), the Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (I.P., N.M.R.), and the Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre (N.M.R.), Oxford - all in the United Kingdom; and the Institute for Respiratory Health, University of Western Australia, and Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia (Y.C.G.L.).; Lee YCG; From the Academic Respiratory Unit, University of Bristol (R.B., S.P.W., A.C.B., N.A.M.), and North Bristol NHS Trust (R.B., E.K.K., A.J.M., S.P.W., A.C.B., S.S., L.J.S., N.J.Z.-E., J.E.H., N.A.M.), Bristol, the Pragmatic Clinical Trials Unit, Queen Mary University of London (B.C.K.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (L.A., A.W.), King's College School of Medicine, King's College University (L.A.), and the Institute for Global Health, University College London (R.F.M.), London, Great Western Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Swindon (A.E.S.), University Hospital of North Midlands NHS Trust, Stoke-on-Trent (M.H.), the School of Medicine, Keele University, Newcastle-under-Lyme (M.H.), North Tees and Hartlepool NHS Foundation Trust, Stockton-on-Tees (R.N.H.), South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesbrough (R.A.M.), Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Portsmouth (L.J.B.), Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester (J. Holme, M.E.), Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston (M.M.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge (P.S., J. Herre), Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, North Shields (D.C.), Sherwood Forest Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton-in-Ashfield (M.R.), NHS Ayrshire and Arran, Ayr (A.G.), Worcester Acute Hospitals NHS Trust, Worcester (C.H.), Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Bath (J.W.), Blackpool Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Blackpool (T.S.S.), Aintree University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool (B.C.), Hampshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Winchester (S.G.), and the Oxford Respiratory Trials Unit, University of Oxford (I.P., N.M.R.), the Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (I.P., N.M.R.), and the Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre (N.M.R.), Oxford - all in the United Kingdom; and the Institute for Respiratory Health, University of Western Australia, and Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia (Y.C.G.L.).; Harvey JE; From the Academic Respiratory Unit, University of Bristol (R.B., S.P.W., A.C.B., N.A.M.), and North Bristol NHS Trust (R.B., E.K.K., A.J.M., S.P.W., A.C.B., S.S., L.J.S., N.J.Z.-E., J.E.H., N.A.M.), Bristol, the Pragmatic Clinical Trials Unit, Queen Mary University of London (B.C.K.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (L.A., A.W.), King's College School of Medicine, King's College University (L.A.), and the Institute for Global Health, University College London (R.F.M.), London, Great Western Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Swindon (A.E.S.), University Hospital of North Midlands NHS Trust, Stoke-on-Trent (M.H.), the School of Medicine, Keele University, Newcastle-under-Lyme (M.H.), North Tees and Hartlepool NHS Foundation Trust, Stockton-on-Tees (R.N.H.), South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesbrough (R.A.M.), Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Portsmouth (L.J.B.), Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester (J. Holme, M.E.), Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston (M.M.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge (P.S., J. Herre), Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, North Shields (D.C.), Sherwood Forest Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton-in-Ashfield (M.R.), NHS Ayrshire and Arran, Ayr (A.G.), Worcester Acute Hospitals NHS Trust, Worcester (C.H.), Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Bath (J.W.), Blackpool Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Blackpool (T.S.S.), Aintree University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool (B.C.), Hampshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Winchester (S.G.), and the Oxford Respiratory Trials Unit, University of Oxford (I.P., N.M.R.), the Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (I.P., N.M.R.), and the Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre (N.M.R.), Oxford - all in the United Kingdom; and the Institute for Respiratory Health, University of Western Australia, and Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia (Y.C.G.L.).; Rahman NM; From the Academic Respiratory Unit, University of Bristol (R.B., S.P.W., A.C.B., N.A.M.), and North Bristol NHS Trust (R.B., E.K.K., A.J.M., S.P.W., A.C.B., S.S., L.J.S., N.J.Z.-E., J.E.H., N.A.M.), Bristol, the Pragmatic Clinical Trials Unit, Queen Mary University of London (B.C.K.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (L.A., A.W.), King's College School of Medicine, King's College University (L.A.), and the Institute for Global Health, University College London (R.F.M.), London, Great Western Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Swindon (A.E.S.), University Hospital of North Midlands NHS Trust, Stoke-on-Trent (M.H.), the School of Medicine, Keele University, Newcastle-under-Lyme (M.H.), North Tees and Hartlepool NHS Foundation Trust, Stockton-on-Tees (R.N.H.), South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesbrough (R.A.M.), Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Portsmouth (L.J.B.), Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester (J. Holme, M.E.), Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston (M.M.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge (P.S., J. Herre), Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, North Shields (D.C.), Sherwood Forest Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton-in-Ashfield (M.R.), NHS Ayrshire and Arran, Ayr (A.G.), Worcester Acute Hospitals NHS Trust, Worcester (C.H.), Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Bath (J.W.), Blackpool Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Blackpool (T.S.S.), Aintree University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool (B.C.), Hampshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Winchester (S.G.), and the Oxford Respiratory Trials Unit, University of Oxford (I.P., N.M.R.), the Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (I.P., N.M.R.), and the Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre (N.M.R.), Oxford - all in the United Kingdom; and the Institute for Respiratory Health, University of Western Australia, and Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia (Y.C.G.L.).; Miller RF; From the Academic Respiratory Unit, University of Bristol (R.B., S.P.W., A.C.B., N.A.M.), and North Bristol NHS Trust (R.B., E.K.K., A.J.M., S.P.W., A.C.B., S.S., L.J.S., N.J.Z.-E., J.E.H., N.A.M.), Bristol, the Pragmatic Clinical Trials Unit, Queen Mary University of London (B.C.K.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (L.A., A.W.), King's College School of Medicine, King's College University (L.A.), and the Institute for Global Health, University College London (R.F.M.), London, Great Western Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Swindon (A.E.S.), University Hospital of North Midlands NHS Trust, Stoke-on-Trent (M.H.), the School of Medicine, Keele University, Newcastle-under-Lyme (M.H.), North Tees and Hartlepool NHS Foundation Trust, Stockton-on-Tees (R.N.H.), South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesbrough (R.A.M.), Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Portsmouth (L.J.B.), Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester (J. Holme, M.E.), Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston (M.M.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge (P.S., J. Herre), Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, North Shields (D.C.), Sherwood Forest Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton-in-Ashfield (M.R.), NHS Ayrshire and Arran, Ayr (A.G.), Worcester Acute Hospitals NHS Trust, Worcester (C.H.), Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Bath (J.W.), Blackpool Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Blackpool (T.S.S.), Aintree University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool (B.C.), Hampshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Winchester (S.G.), and the Oxford Respiratory Trials Unit, University of Oxford (I.P., N.M.R.), the Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (I.P., N.M.R.), and the Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre (N.M.R.), Oxford - all in the United Kingdom; and the Institute for Respiratory Health, University of Western Australia, and Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia (Y.C.G.L.).; Maskell NA; From the Academic Respiratory Unit, University of Bristol (R.B., S.P.W., A.C.B., N.A.M.), and North Bristol NHS Trust (R.B., E.K.K., A.J.M., S.P.W., A.C.B., S.S., L.J.S., N.J.Z.-E., J.E.H., N.A.M.), Bristol, the Pragmatic Clinical Trials Unit, Queen Mary University of London (B.C.K.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (L.A., A.W.), King's College School of Medicine, King's College University (L.A.), and the Institute for Global Health, University College London (R.F.M.), London, Great Western Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Swindon (A.E.S.), University Hospital of North Midlands NHS Trust, Stoke-on-Trent (M.H.), the School of Medicine, Keele University, Newcastle-under-Lyme (M.H.), North Tees and Hartlepool NHS Foundation Trust, Stockton-on-Tees (R.N.H.), South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesbrough (R.A.M.), Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Portsmouth (L.J.B.), Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester (J. Holme, M.E.), Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston (M.M.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge (P.S., J. Herre), Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, North Shields (D.C.), Sherwood Forest Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton-in-Ashfield (M.R.), NHS Ayrshire and Arran, Ayr (A.G.), Worcester Acute Hospitals NHS Trust, Worcester (C.H.), Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Bath (J.W.), Blackpool Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Blackpool (T.S.S.), Aintree University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool (B.C.), Hampshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Winchester (S.G.), and the Oxford Respiratory Trials Unit, University of Oxford (I.P., N.M.R.), the Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (I.P., N.M.R.), and the Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre (N.M.R.), Oxford - all in the United Kingdom; and the Institute for Respiratory Health, University of Western Australia, and Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia (Y.C.G.L.).

Publisher: Massachusetts Medical Society Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 0255562 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1533-4406 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00284793 NLM ISO Abbreviation: N Engl J Med Subsets: MEDLINE

Mishra EK; 1 Norfolk and Norwich Pleural Unit, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Norfolk, United Kingdom.; Clive AO; 2 Academic Respiratory Unit, School of Clinical Sciences, Southmead Hospital, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom.; Wills GH; 3 Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit and.; Davies HE; 4 Cardiff and Vale University Health Board, Cardiff, United Kingdom.; Stanton AE; 5 Great Western Hospital, Swindon, United Kingdom.; Al-Aloul M; 6 University Hospital of South Manchester NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom.; Hart-Thomas A; 7 Calderdale and Huddersfield NHS Foundation Trust, Huddersfield, United Kingdom.; Pepperell J; 8 Somerset Lung Centre, Musgrove Park Hospital, Taunton, United Kingdom.; Evison M; 6 University Hospital of South Manchester NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom.; Saba T; 9 Blackpool Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Blackpool, United Kingdom.; Harrison RN; 10 North Tees and Hartlepool Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, North Tees, United Kingdom.; Guhan A; 11 University Hospital Ayr, Ayr, United Kingdom.; Callister ME; 12 Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, United Kingdom.; Sathyamurthy R; 13 James Cook University Hospital, South Tees, United Kingdom.; Rehal S; 3 Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit and.; Corcoran JP; 14 Oxford Respiratory Trials Unit and Oxford Pleural Diseases Unit, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom.; Hallifax R; 14 Oxford Respiratory Trials Unit and Oxford Pleural Diseases Unit, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom.; Psallidas I; 14 Oxford Respiratory Trials Unit and Oxford Pleural Diseases Unit, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom.; Russell N; 14 Oxford Respiratory Trials Unit and Oxford Pleural Diseases Unit, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom.; Shaw R; 14 Oxford Respiratory Trials Unit and Oxford Pleural Diseases Unit, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom.; Dobson M; 14 Oxford Respiratory Trials Unit and Oxford Pleural Diseases Unit, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom.; Wrightson JM; 14 Oxford Respiratory Trials Unit and Oxford Pleural Diseases Unit, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom.; West A; 15 Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom.; Lee YCG; 16 School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia; and.; Nunn AJ; 3 Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit and.; Miller RF; 17 Research Department of Infection and Population Health, Institute of Epidemiology and Healthcare, University College London, London, United Kingdom.; Maskell NA; 2 Academic Respiratory Unit, School of Clinical Sciences, Southmead Hospital, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom.; Rahman NM; 14 Oxford Respiratory Trials Unit and Oxford Pleural Diseases Unit, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom.; 18 National Institute for Health Research Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.

Publisher: American Thoracic Society Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 9421642 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1535-4970 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 1073449X NLM ISO Abbreviation: Am J Respir Crit Care Med Subsets: MEDLINE

Sainsbury DCG; Middlesbrough, United Kingdom From the Departments of Reconstructive Plastic Surgery, Anesthesia, Pediatrics, and Respiratory Medicine, James Cook University Hospital.; Kessell G; Fall AJ; Hampton FJ; Guhan A; Muir T

Publisher: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 1306050 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1529-4242 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00321052 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Plast Reconstr Surg Subsets: MEDLINE

Sainsbury DC; Kessell G; Guhan A; Fall A; Miller V; Abouzeid MR; Muir T

Publisher: Elsevier Country of Publication: Netherlands NLM ID: 101264239 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1878-0539 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 17486815 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg Subsets: MEDLINE

Kessell G; Panchatsharam S; Kothmann E; Finn P; Fall A; Guhan A; Muir T

Publisher: Elsevier Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 0372541 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1471-6771 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00070912 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Br J Anaesth Subsets: MEDLINE