학술논문
A control benchmark on the energy management of a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle
Document Type
Author
Sciarretta, A.; Serrao, L.; Dewangan, P.C.; Tona, P.; Bergshoeff, E.N. D.; Bordons, C.; Charmpa, L.; Elbert, Ph.; Eriksson, Lars; Hofman, T.; Hubacher, M.; Isenegger, R.; Lacandia, F.; Laveau, A.; Li, H.; Marcos, D.; Nueesch, T.; Onori, S.; Pisu, P.; Rios, J.; Silvas, E.; Sivertsson, Martin; Tribioli, L.; van der Hoeven, A.-J.; Wu, M.
Source
Control Engineering Practice. 29:287-298
Subject
Language
English
ISSN
0967-0661
1873-6939
1873-6939
Abstract
A benchmark control problem was developed for a special session of the IFAC Workshop on Engine and Powertrain Control, Simulation and Modeling (E-COSM 12), held in Rueil-Malmaison, France, in October 2012. The online energy management of a plug-in hybrid-electric vehicle was to be developed by the benchmark participants. The simulator, provided by the benchmark organizers, implements a model of the GM Voltec powertrain. Each solution was evaluated according to several metrics, comprising of energy and fuel economy on two driving profiles unknown to the participants, acceleration and braking performance, computational performance. The nine solutions received are analyzed in terms of the control technique adopted (heuristic rule-based energy management vs. equivalent consumption minimization strategies, ECMS), battery discharge strategy (charge depleting-charge sustaining vs. blended mode), ECMS implementation (vector-based vs. map-based), ways to improve the implementation and improve the computational performance. The solution having achieved the best combined score is compared with a global optimal solution calculated offline using the Pontryagins minimum principle-derived optimization tool HOT.