학술논문

Overview of the JET results with the ITER-like wall
Document Type
Author
Abel, IAfanesyev, VAftanas, MAgarici, GAggarwal, KMAho-Mantila, LAhonen, EAints, MAirila, MAkers, RAlarcon, TAlbanese, RAlexeev, AAlfier, AAllan, PAlmaviva, SAlonso, AAlper, BAltmann, HAlves, DAmbrosino, GAmosov, VAndersson, F.Sunden, EAAndreev, VAndrew, YAngelone, MAnghel, MAnghel, AAngioni, CApruzzese, GArcis, NArena, PArgouarch, AAriola, MArmitano, AArnoux, GArshad, SArtaserse, GArtaud, JFAsh, AAsp, EAsunta, OAtanasiu, CVAtkins, GAvotina, LAxton, MDAyres, CBaciero, ABailescu, VBaiocchi, BBaker, RABalboa, IBalden, MBalorin, CBalshaw, NBanks, JWBaranov, YFBarbier, DBarlow, ILBarnard, MABarnsley, RBarrena, LBarrera, LBaruzzo, MBasiuk, VBateman, GBatistoni, PBaumgarten, NBaylor, LBazylev, BBeaumont, PSBeausang, KBecoulet, MBekris, NBeldishevski, MBell, ACBelli, FBellinger, MBellizio, TBelo, PSABelonohy, EBennett, PEBenterman, NABerger-By, GBergsaker, HBerk, HBernardo, JBernert, MBertrand, BBeurskens, MNABieg, BBienkowska, BBiewer, TMBigi, MBilkova, PBin, WBird, JBizarro, JBjorkas, CBlackman, TRBlanchard, PBlanco, EBlum, JBobkov, VBoboc, ABoilson, DBolshakova, IBolzonella, TBoncagni, LBonheure, GBonnin, XBorba, DBorthwick, ABotrugno, ABoulbe, CBouquey, FBourdelle, CVon Bovert, KBowden, MBoyce, TBoyer, HJBozhenkov, ABrade, RJBradshaw, JMABraet, JBraic, VBraithwaite, GCBrault, CBreizman, BBremond, SBrennan, PDBrett, ABreue, JBrezinsek, SBright, MDJBriscoe, FBrix, MBrombin, MBrown, BCBrown, DPDBrzozowski, JBucalossi, JBuckley, MABudd, TBudny, RVBunting, PBuratti, PBurcea, GBurckhart, AButcher, PRButtery, RJCahyna, PCalabro, GCallaghan, CPCaminade, JPCamp, PGCampling, DCCaniello, RCanik, JCannas, BCapel, AJCarannante, GCard, PJCardinali, ACarlstrom, TCarman, PCarralero, DCarraro, LCarter, TCarvalho, BBCarvalho, ICarvalho, PCasati, ACastaldo, CCaughman, JCavazzana, RCavinato, MCecconello, MCecil, ECecil, FECenedese, ACentioli, CCesario, RChallis, CDChandler, MChang, CChankin, AChapman, ITChektybayev, BChernyshova, MChild, DJChiru, PChitarin, GChugonov, ICiric, DClairet, FClarke, RHClay, RClever, MCoad, JPCoates, PACocilovo, VCoda, SCoelho, RCoenen, JCoffey, IColas, LCole, MCollins, SCombs, SCompan, JConboy, JEConroy, SCook, NCook, SPCoombs, DCooper, SRCorre, YCorrigan, GCortes, SCoster, DCounsell, GFCourtois, XCox, MCraciunescu, TCramp, SCrisanti, FCroci, GCroft, OCrombe, KCrowley, BJCruz, NCseh, GCupido, LCuruia, MCusack, RACzarnecka, ACzarski, TDalley, SDaly, ETDalziel, ADaniel, RDarrow, DDavid, ODavies, NDavies, WDavies, JJDay, IEDay, CDe Angelis, Rde Arcas, Gde Baar, MRde la Cal, Ede la Luna, Ede Pablos, JLDe Tommasi, Gde Vries, PCDe-Angelis, RDegli Agostini, FDelabie, Edel-Castillo-Negrete, DDelpech, LDenisov, GDenyer, AJDenyer, RFDevaux, SDevynck, PDi Matteo, LDi Pace, LDirken, PJDittmar, TDnestrovskiy, ADodt, DDoerner, RDoldatov, SDominiczak, KDooley, PDorling, SEDouai, DDown, APDoyle, PTDrake, JRDreischuh, TDrozdov, VDumortier, PDunai, DDuran, IDurodie, FDutta, PDux, RDylst, KEaton, REdlington, TEdwards, AMEdwards, DTEdwards, PKEich, TEkedahl, AElevant, TEllingboe, BElsmore, CGEmmoth, BErdei, GEricsson, GEriksson, LGEriksson, Annika, 1978; Esposito, BEsser, HGEstrada, TEvangelidis, EAEvans, GEEwart, GDEwers, DTFalchetto, GFalie, DFanthome, JGAFarthing, JWFasoli, AFaugeras, BFedorczak, NFelton, RCFenzi, CFernades, AFernandes, HFerreira, JAFerreira, JFerron, JFessey, JAFigini, LFigueiredo, JFigueiredo, AFinburg, PFinken, KHFischer, UFitzgerald, NFlanagan, JFleming, CForbes, ADFord, OFormisano, AFraboulet, DFrancis, RJFrassinetti, LFresa, RFriconneau, JPFrigione, DFullard, KFundamenski, WPalumbo, MFGal, KGao, XGaravaglia, SGarbet, XGarcia, JMunoz, MGGardner, WGaribaldi, PGarnier, DGarzotti, LJohnson, MGGaudio, PGauthier, EGaze, JWGear, DFGedney, JGee, SJGelfusa, MGenangeli, EGerasimov, SGeraud, AGerbaud, TGherendi, MGhirelli, NGiacalone, JCGiacomelli, LGibson, CSGil, CGilligan, SJGimblett, CGGin, DGiovannozzi, EGiroud, CGiruzzi, GGodwin, JGoff, JKGohil, PGojska, AGoloborod'ko, VGoncalves, BGoniche, MGonzales, Sde Vicente, SMGGoodyear, AGorelenkov, NGorini, GGoulding, RGraham, BGraham, DGraham, MEGraves, JGreen, NRGreuner, HGrigore, EGriph, FSGrisolia, CGros, GGroth, MGrunhagen, SGryaznevich, MPGuirlet, RGunn, JGupta, AGuzdar, PHackett, LJHacquin, SHaist, BHakola, AHalitovs, MHall, SJCook, SPHHamilton, DTHan, HHandley, RCHarding, SHarling, JDWHarting, DHarvey, MJHaupt, TDVHawkes, NCHawryluk, RHay, JHHayashi, NHaydon, PWHayward, IRHazel, SHeesterman, PJLHeidbrink, WHeinola, KHellesen, CHellsten, THemming, ONHender, TCHenderson, MHennion, VHidalgo, CHigashijima, SHill, JWHill, MHill, KHillairet, JHillis, DHirai, THitchin, MHobirk, JHogan, CHogben, CHAHogeweij, GMDHollingham, ICHolyaka, RHomfray, DAHoneyands, GHong, SHHong, JHHoracek, JHorn, BAHorton, ARHorton, LDHotchin, SPHough, MRHoulberg, WHowell, DFHuber, AHuddleston, TMHudson, ZHughes, MHuhnerbein, MHume, CCHunt, AJHunter, CLHutchinson, TSHuygen, SHuysmans, GIde, SIllescas, CImbeaux, FIvanova, DIvanova-Stanik, IIvings, EJachmich, SJackson, GJacquet, PJakubowska, KJames, PVJanky, FJarvinen, AJednorog, SJenkins, IJennison, MACJeskins, CKwon, OJJoffrin, EJohnson, MFJohnson, RJohnson, TJolovic, DJonauskas, VJones, EMJones, GJones, HDJones, TTCJouvet, MJupen, CKachtchouk, IKaczmarczyk, JKallenbach, AKallne, JKalupin, DKalvin, SKamelander, GKamendje, RKamiya, KKappatou, AKasparek, WKasprowicz, GKatramados, IKaveney, GKaye, ASKear, MJKeeling, DLKelliher, DKempenaars, MKhilar, PKhilkevich, EKidd, NGKiisk, MKim, HKing, RFKinna, DJKiptily, VKirnev, GKirneva, NKirov, KKirschner, AKisielius, RKislov, DKiss, GKizane, GKlein, AKlepper, CKlimov, NKlix, AKnaup, MKneuper, KKneupner, HKnight, PJKnipe, SJKocan, MKoch, RKochl, FKocsis, GKoivuranta, SKoppitz, TKorotkov, AKoskela, TKoslowski, HRKotov, VKovari, MDKramer, GKrasilnikov, AKrasilnikov, VKraus, SKreter, AKrieger, KKritz, AKrivchenkov, YKruezi, UKrylov, SKsiazek, IKuhn, SKuhnlein, WKukushkin, AKundu, AKurki-Suonio, Taina, 1959; Kurowski, AKuteev, BKuyanov, AKyrytsya, VLa Haye, RLaan, MLabate, CLachichi, ALaguardia, LLam, NLang, PLarge, MTLasa, ALassiwe, ILast, JRLawson, KDLaxaback, MLayne, RALe Guern, FLeBlanc, BLee, SLee, JLeggate, HJLehnen, MLeigheb, MLengar, ILennholm, MLerche, ELescure, CNLi, YLi Puma, ALiang, YLikonen, JLin, YLindholm, VLinke, JLinstead, SALipshultz, BLitaudon, XLitvak, AGLiu, YLoarer, TLoarte, ALobel, RCLomas, PJLong, FDLonnroth, JLooker, DJLopez, JLotte, PLouche, FLoughlin, MJLoving, ABLowry, CLuce, TLucock, RMALukanitsa, ALukin, ALungu, AMLungu, CPLyssoivan, AMacheta, PMackenzie, ASMacrae, MMaddaluno, GMaddison, GPMadsen, JMagesh, BMaget, PMaggi, CFMaier, HMailloux, JMakkonen, TMakowski, MMalaquias, AManning, CJMansfield, MManso, MEMantica, PMarcenko, NMarchitti, MAMardenfeld, MMarechal, JLMarinelli, MMarinucci, MMarocco, DMarren, CAMarsen, SMartin, DMartin, DLMartin, GMartin, YMartin-Solis, JRMasaki, KMasiello, AMaszl, CMatejcik, SMatilal, AMattei, MMatthews, GFMattoo, SMatveev, DMaviglia, FMay, CRMayer, MMayoral, MLMazon, DMazzotta, CMazzucato, EMcCarthy, PMcClements, KGMcCormick, KMcCullen, PAMcCune, DMcDonald, DCMcgregor, RMckivitt, JPMeakins, AMedina, FMeigs, AGMenard, MMeneses, LMenmuir, SMerrigan, IRMertens, PMessiaen, AMeszaros, BMeyer, Hendrik FMiano, GMichling, RMiele, MMiettunen, JMigliucci, PMiller, AGMills, SFMilnes, JJKim, KMMindham, TMiorin, EMirizzi, FMirones, EMironov, MMitteau, RMlynar, JMollard, PMonakhov, IMonier-Garbet, PMooney, RMoreau, DMoreau, PMoreira, LMorgan, AMorgan, PDMorlock, CMorris, AWMort, GLMurakami, MMurari, AMustata, INabais, FNakano, TNardon, ENash, GNaulin, VNave, MFFNazikian, RNedzelski, INegus, CRNeilson, JDNemtsev, GNeto, ANeu, RNeubauer, ONewbert, GJNewman, MNicholls, KJNicolai, ANicolas, LNieckchen, PNielsen, AHNielsen, SKNielsen, PNielsen, GNieto, JNightingale, MPSNishijima, DNoble, CNocente, MNordman, Hans, 1957; Norman, MNowak, SNunes, IOberkofler, MOdstrcil, MO'Gorman, TOhsako, TOkabayashi, MOlariu, SOleynikov, AO'Mullane, MOngena, JOrsitto, FOswuigwe, OIOttaviani, MOyama, NPacella, DPaget, KPajuste, EPalazzo, SPalenic, JPamela, JPamela, SPangione, LPanin, APanja, SPankin, APantea, AParail, VParis, PParisot, TPark, MParkin, AParsloe, AParsons, BTPasqualotto, RPastor, PPaterson, RPaul, MKPeach, DPearce, RJHPearson, BJPearson, IJPedrick, LCPedrosa, MAPegourie, BPereira, RPereslavtsev, PPerevezentsev, Avon Thun, CPPericoli-Ridolfini, VPerona, APerrot, YPeruzzo, SPeschanyy, SPetravich, GPetrizzi, LPetrov, VPetrzilka, VPhilipps, VPiccolo, FPietropaolo, APillon, MPinches, SDPinna, TPintsuk, GPiovesan, PPironti, APisano, FPitts, RPlaum, BPlyusnin, VPolasik, MPoli, FMPomaro, NPompilian, OPoncet, LPool, PJPopovichev, SPorcelli, FPorfiri, MTPortafaix, CPospieszczyk, APossnert, GPozniak, KPradhan, SPragash, RPrajapati, VPrestopino, GPrior, PProkopowicz, RPuiatti, MEPurahoo, KPustovitov, VPutterich, TPuttmann-Kneupner, DQuercia, ARachlew, ERademaker, RRafiq, TRainford, MSJRamogida, GRapp, JRasmussen, JJRathod, KRatta, GRavera, GRefy, DReichle, RReinelt, MReiser, DReiss, RReiter, DRendell, DReux, CRewoldt, GRibeiro, TTRiccardo, VRichards, DRigollet, FRimini, FGRios, LRiva, MRoberts, JECRobins, RJRobinson, DSRobinson, SARobson, DWRoche, HRodig, MRodionov, NRohde, VRolfe, ARomanelli, MRomanelli, FRomano, ARomero, JRonchi, ERosanvallon, SRoux, CRowe, SRubel, MRubinacci, GRuiz, MRuset, CRussell, MRuth, ARyc, LRydzy, ARzadkiewicz, JSaarelma, SSabathier, FSabot, RSadakov, SSadvakassova, ASadykov, ASagar, PSaibene, GSaille, ASaint-Laurent, FSalewski, MSalmi, ASalzedas, FSamm, USanchez, PSanders, SSanders, SGSandford, GSandland, KSandquist, Patrik, 1979; Sands, DEGSantala, MIKSantra, PSartori, FSartori, RSauter, OSavelyev, ASavtchkov, AScales, SCScarabosio, ASchaefer, NSchmidt, VSchmidt, ASchmitz, OSchmuck, SSchneider, MScholz, MSchopf, KSchweer, BSchweinzer, JSeki, MSemeraro, LSemerok, ASergienko, GSertoli, MShannon, MMJSharapov, SEShaw, SRShevelev, ASieglin, BSievering, RSilva, CASimmons, PASimonetto, ASimpson, DSipila, SKSips, ACCSiren, PSirinelli, ASjostrand, HSkopintsev, DSlabkowska, KSmith, PGSnipes, JSnoj, LSnyder, SSoare, SSolano, ERSoleto, ASolomon, WSoltane, CSonato, PSopplesa, ASorrentino, ASousa, JSowden, CBCSozzi, CSpah, PSpelzini, TSpence, JSpineanu, FSpuig, PStagg, RDStamp, MFStancalie, VStangeby, PStankiewicz, RStan-Sion, CStarkey, DEStead, MJStejner, MStephen, AVStephen, MStevens, ALStokes, RBStork, DStoyanov, DStrachan, JStrand, Pär, 1968; Stransky, Michal, 1975; Strauss, DStrintzi, DStudholme, WNa, YSSubba, FSummers, HPSun, YSurdu-Bob, CSurrey, ESutton, DJSvensson, JSwain, DSyme, BDSymonds, IDSzabolics, TSzepesi, TSzydlowski, ATabares, FTakalo, VTakenaga, HTala, TTalbot, ARTaliercio, CTame, CTardocchi, MTaroni, LTelesca, GTerra, ATerrington, AOTesta, DTheis, JMThomas, JDThomas, PDThomas, PRThompson, VKThomser, CThyagaraja, ATigwell, PATiseanu, ITivey, RTodd, JMTodd, TNTokar, MZTosti, STrabuc, PTravere, JMTrimble, PTrkov, ATrukhina, ETsalas, MTsitrone, EJun, DTTudisco, OTugarinov, STurner, MMTyrrell, SGJUmeda, NUnterberg, BUrano, HUrquhart, AJUytdenhouwen, IVaccaro, AVadgama, APVagliasindi, GValcarcel, DValisa, MVallory, JValovic, MVan Eester, Dvan Milligen, Bvan Rooij, GJVarandas, CAFVartanian, SVasava, KVdovin, VVega, JVerdoolaege, GVerger, JMVermare, LVerona, CVersloot, TVervier, MVicente, JVillari, SVilledieu, EVillone, FVince, JEVine, GJVinyar, IViola, BVitale, EVitelli, RVitins, AVlad, MVoitsekhovitch, IVrancken, MVulliez, KWaldon, CWFWalker, MWalsh, MJWaterhouse, JWatkins, MLWatson, MJWauters, TWay, MWWebb, CRWeiland, Jan, 1944; Weisen, HWeiszflog, MWenninger, RWest, ATWeulersse, JMWheatley, MRWhiteford, ADWhitehead, AMWhitehurst, AGWiddowson, AMWiegmann, CWiesen, SWilson, AWilson, DWilson, DJWilson, HRWischmeier, MWitts, DMWolf, RCWolowski, JWoscov, PWright, JXu, GSYavorskij, VYerashok, VYoo, MYorkshades, JYoung, CYoung, DYoung, IDYuhong, XYun, SZabeo, LZabolotny, WZaccarian, LZagorski, RZaitsev, FSZakharov, LZanino, RZaroschi, VZastrow, KDZatz, IZefran, BZeidner, WZerbini, MZhang, TZhitlukin, AZhu, YZimmermann, OZoita, VZoletnik, SZwingman, W
Source
Nuclear Fusion. 53(10):104002
Subject
Nuclear
Physics
Fluids and Plasmas
Language
English
ISSN
1741-4326
0029-5515
Abstract
Following the completion in May 2011 of the shutdown for the installation of the beryllium wall and the tungsten divertor, the first set of JET campaigns have addressed the investigation of the retention properties and the development of operational scenarios with the new plasma-facing materials. The large reduction in the carbon content (more than a factor ten) led to a much lower Z(eff) (1.2-1.4) during L- and H-mode plasmas, and radiation during the burn-through phase of the plasma initiation with the consequence that breakdown failures are almost absent. Gas balance experiments have shown that the fuel retention rate with the new wall is substantially reduced with respect to the C wall. The re-establishment of the baseline H-mode and hybrid scenarios compatible with the new wall has required an optimization of the control of metallic impurity sources and heat loads. Stable type-I ELMy H-mode regimes with H-98,H-y2 close to 1 and beta(N) similar to 1.6 have been achieved using gas injection. ELM frequency is a key factor for the control of the metallic impurity accumulation. Pedestal temperatures tend to be lower with the new wall, leading to reduced confinement, but nitrogen seeding restores high pedestal temperatures and confinement. Compared with the carbon wall, major disruptions with the new wall show a lower radiated power and a slower current quench. The higher heat loads on Be wall plasma-facing components due to lower radiation made the routine use of massive gas injection for disruption mitigation essential.