학술논문
Apalutamide efficacy, safety and wellbeing in older patients with advanced prostate cancer from Phase 3 randomised clinical studies TITAN and SPARTAN
Document Type
Original Paper
Author
Shen, John; Chowdhury, Simon; Agarwal, Neeraj; Karsh, Lawrence I.; Oudard, Stéphane; Gartrell, Benjamin A.; Feyerabend, Susan; Saad, Fred; Pieczonka, Christopher M.; Chi, Kim N.; Brookman-May, Sabine D.; Rooney, Brendan; Bhaumik, Amitabha; McCarthy, Sharon A.; Bevans, Katherine B.; Mundle, Suneel D.; Small, Eric J.; Smith, Matthew R.; Graff, Julie N.
Source
British Journal of Cancer. 130(1):73-81
Subject
Language
English
ISSN
0007-0920
1532-1827
1532-1827
Abstract
Background: Apalutamide plus androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) improved outcomes in metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer (mCSPC) and non-metastatic castration-resistant PC (nmCRPC) in the Phase 3 randomised TITAN and SPARTAN studies, respectively, and maintained health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Apalutamide treatment effect by patient age requires assessment.Methods: Post-hoc analysis assessed patients receiving 240 mg/day apalutamide (525 TITAN and 806 SPARTAN) or placebo (527 TITAN and 401 SPARTAN) with ongoing ADT, stratified by age groups. Prostate-specific antigen declines, radiographic progression-free survival, metastasis-free survival, overall survival (OS), HRQoL and safety were assessed using descriptive statistics, Kaplan-Meier method, Cox proportional-hazards model and mixed-effects model for repeated measures.Results: Hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) generally favoured apalutamide plus ADT versus ADT alone across all endpoints regardless of age; e.g., OS values were 0.57 (0.40–0.80), 0.70 (0.54–0.91) and 0.74 (0.40–1.39) (TITAN) and 0.39 (0.19–0.78), 0.89 (0.69–1.16) and 0.81 (0.58–1.15) (SPARTAN) in patients aged <65, 65–79 and ≥80 years. Regardless of age, apalutamide also maintained HRQoL and was tolerated well with a potential trend in rates of adverse events increasing with age. Limitations include post-hoc nature and variability in sample size of age groups.Conclusions: Apalutamide plus ADT was an effective and well-tolerated option maintaining HRQoL in patients with mCSPC and nmCRPC regardless of age.Clinical trial registration: TITAN (NCT02489318); SPARTAN (NCT01946204).