부산대학교 도서관

Background: Cancer in children is rare with an estimated incidence of 13.7 new cases per 100,000 children a year in Germany. Among these, leukemia and lymphoma are predominant at about 46%. Cancer of the central nervous system accounts for about 20%, followed in decreasing order by tumors of the sympathetic nervous system, soft tissue sarcoma, tumors of the kidney, bone tumors and germ cell tumors. More than 90% of all children and adolescents in Germany who have developed cancer are treated according to uniform standards and are included in therapy optimization studies, which cover the entire therapy spectrum, including surgical treatment.Objective: This overview aims at portraying principles of treatment according to current study data in pediatric solid tumors with special consideration of surgical treatment.Methods: This paper is based upon selective literature searches for each entity in the database PubMed.Results: Local surgical treatment has a crucial impact upon the survival of children with soft tissue sarcoma. Neuroblastomas are the most common extracranial solid tumor in children and are very complex in terms of tumor biology and anatomic location. Hepatoblastomas are the most common primary malignant liver tumors in children. Current stratification (CHIC, Children’s Hepatic Tumors International Collaboration) explicitly requires histological diagnosis prior to starting treatment. Comprehensive international studies have resulted in an improvement of interdisciplinary therapy of Wilms tumor with a mean survival rate of more than 90%.