학술논문

Genomic epidemiology of the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic in Brazil
Document Type
Original Paper
Author
Giovanetti, MartaSlavov, Svetoslav NanevFonseca, VagnerWilkinson, EduanTegally, HouriiyahPatané, José Salvatore LeisterViala, Vincent LouisSan, Emmanuel JamesRodrigues, Evandra StrazzaSantos, Elaine VieiraAburjaile, FlaviaXavier, JoilsonFritsch, HeggerAdelino, Talita Emile RibeiroPereira, FelicidadeLeal, ArabelaIani, Felipe Campos de Melode Carvalho Pereira, GlaucoVazquez, CynthiaSanabria, Gladys Mercedes EstigarribiaOliveira, Elaine Cristina deDemarchi, LuizCroda, Juliodos Santos Bezerra, RafaelPaola Oliveira de Lima, LoyzeMartins, Antonio JorgeRenata dos Santos Barros, ClaudiaMarqueze, Elaine Cristinade Souza Todao Bernardino, JardelinaMoretti, Debora BotequioBrassaloti, Ricardo Augustode Lello Rocha Campos Cassano, RaquelMariani, Pilar Drummond Sampaio CorrêaKitajima, João PauloSantos, BibianaProto-Siqueira, RodrigoCantarelli, Vlademir VicenteTosta, StephaneNardy, Vanessa BrandãoReboredo de Oliveira da Silva, LucianaGómez, Marcela Kelly AsteteLima, Jaqueline GomesRibeiro, Adriana AparecidaGuimarães, Natália RochaWatanabe, Luiz TakaoBarbosa Da Silva, Luanada Silva Ferreira, Raquelda Penha, Mara Patricia F.Ortega, María Joséde la Fuente, Andrea GómezVillalba, ShirleyTorales, JuanGamarra, María LizAquino, CarolinaFigueredo, Gloria Patricia MartínezFava, Wellington SantosMotta-Castro, Ana Rita C.Venturini, Jamesdo Vale Leone de Oliveira, Sandra MariaGonçalves, Crhistinne Cavalheiro Maymonedo Carmo Debur Rossa, MariaBecker, Guilherme NardiGiacomini, Mayra PresibellaMarques, Nelson QuallioRiediger, Irina NastassjaRaboni, SoniaMattoso, GabrielaCataneo, Allan D.Zanluca, CamilaDuarte dos Santos, Claudia N.Assato, Patricia AkemiAllan da Silva da Costa, FelipePoleti, Mirele DaianaLesbon, Jessika Cristina ChagasMattos, Elisangela ChicaroniBanho, Cecilia ArticoSacchetto, LíviaMoraes, Marília MazziGrotto, Rejane Maria TommasiniSouza-Neto, Jayme A.Nogueira, Maurício LacerdaFukumasu, HeidgeCoutinho, Luiz LehmannCalado, Rodrigo TocantinsNeto, Raul MachadoBispo de Filippis, Ana MariaVenancio da Cunha, RivaldoFreitas, CarlaPeterka, Cassio Roberto Leonelde Fátima Rangel Fernandes, CássiaNavegantes, Wildodo Carmo Said, Rodrigo FabianoCampelo de A e Melo, Carlos F.Almiron, MariaLourenço, Joséde Oliveira, TulioHolmes, Edward C.Haddad, RicardoSampaio, Sandra CoccuzzoElias, Maria CarolinaKashima, SimoneJunior de Alcantara, Luiz CarlosCovas, Dimas Tadeu
Source
Nature Microbiology. 7(9):1490-1500
Subject
Language
English
ISSN
2058-5276
Abstract
The high numbers of COVID-19 cases and deaths in Brazil have made Latin America an epicentre of the pandemic. SARS-CoV-2 established sustained transmission in Brazil early in the pandemic, but important gaps remain in our understanding of virus transmission dynamics at a national scale. We use 17,135 near-complete genomes sampled from 27 Brazilian states and bordering country Paraguay. From March to November 2020, we detected co-circulation of multiple viral lineages that were linked to multiple importations (predominantly from Europe). After November 2020, we detected large, local transmission clusters within the country. In the absence of effective restriction measures, the epidemic progressed, and in January 2021 there was emergence and onward spread, both within and abroad, of variants of concern and variants under monitoring, including Gamma (P.1) and Zeta (P.2). We also characterized a genomic overview of the epidemic in Paraguay and detected evidence of importation of SARS-CoV-2 ancestor lineages and variants of concern from Brazil. Our findings show that genomic surveillance in Brazil enabled assessment of the real-time spread of emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants.
The COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil is assessed using phylogenetic and phylogeographic analysis.