학술논문

Immunosuppression, immune escape, and immunotherapy in pancreatic cancer: focused on the tumor microenvironment
Document Type
Review Paper
Source
Cellular Oncology. 46(1):17-48
Subject
Pancreatic cancer
Tumor microenvironment (TME)
Immune cell
Cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF)
Immunotherapy
Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB)
Language
English
ISSN
2211-3428
2211-3436
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), the most common type of pancreatic cancer, is characterized by poor treatment response and low survival time. The current clinical treatment for advanced PDAC is still not effective. In recent years, the research and application of immunotherapy have developed rapidly and achieved substantial results in many malignant tumors. However, the translational application in PDAC is still far from satisfactory and needs to be developed urgently. To carry out the study of immunotherapy, it is necessary to fully decipher the immune characteristics of PDAC. This review summarizes the recent progress of the tumor microenvironment (TME) of PDAC and highlights its link with immunotherapy. We describe the molecular cues and corresponding intervention methods, collate several promising targets and progress worthy of further study, and put forward the importance of integrated immunotherapy to provide ideas for future research of TME and immunotherapy of PDAC.