학술논문
Memory CD8+ T cell diversity and B cell responses correlate with protection against SARS-CoV-2 following mRNA vaccination
Document Type
Original Paper
Author
Brasu, Nadia; Elia, Ines; Russo, Valentina; Montacchiesi, Gaia; Stabile, Simona Aversano; De Intinis, Carlo; Fesi, Francesco; Gizzi, Katiuscia; Macagno, Marco; Montone, Monica; Mussolin, Benedetta; Grifoni, Alba; Faravelli, Silvia; Marchese, Silvia; Forneris, Federico; De Francesco, Raffaele; Sette, Alessandro; Barnaba, Vincenzo; Sottile, Antonino; Sapino, Anna; Pace, Luigia
Source
Nature Immunology. 23(10):1445-1456
Subject
Language
English
ISSN
1529-2908
1529-2916
1529-2916
Abstract
Understanding immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines is of great interest, principally because of the poor knowledge about the mechanisms of protection. In the present study, we analyzed longitudinally B cell and T cell memory programs against the spike (S) protein derived from ancestral SARS-CoV-2 (Wuhan-1), B.1.351 (beta), B.1.617.2 (delta) and B.1.1.529 (omicron) variants of concern (VOCs) after immunization with an mRNA-based vaccine (Pfizer). According to the magnitude of humoral responses 3 months after the first dose, we identified high and low responders. Opposite to low responders, high responders were characterized by enhanced antibody-neutralizing activity, increased frequency of central memory T cells and durable S-specific CD8+ T cell responses. Reduced binding antibodies titers combined with long-term specific memory T cells that had distinct polyreactive properties were found associated with subsequent breakthrough with VOCs in low responders. These results have important implications for the design of new vaccines and new strategies for booster follow-up.
Pace and colleagues assessed the antibody titers, B cell and T cell memory response against SARS-COV-2 in mRNA-vaccinated individuals to show that reduced antibody titers combined with a distinctive memory T cell profile in low vaccine responders correlated with breakthrough infection.
Pace and colleagues assessed the antibody titers, B cell and T cell memory response against SARS-COV-2 in mRNA-vaccinated individuals to show that reduced antibody titers combined with a distinctive memory T cell profile in low vaccine responders correlated with breakthrough infection.