부산대학교 도서관

Background: According to a decision by the Federal Constitutional Court (2 BvR 1630/21), directly observed urine sample collection in correctional facilities constitutes a serious infringement of the general personal rights, which affects the intimate sphere of an inmate. Athletes frequently feel burdened by the observed urination during doping tests, too; however, there are hardly any data available that examine the psychological stress of urine sample collection in the context of drug testing, e.g., for driving fitness assessment or probation conditions.Material and methods: A total of 100 subjects (84% male) who presented for urine drug monitoring at 5 collection points in Bavaria, Thuringia and Baden-Württemberg were asked via a questionnaire about their individual perception of the monitoring method and their desire for a not further specified alternative nonobservational but more cost-intensive and time-intensive procedure.Results: Overall, 37% of the male (n = 31) and 44% (n = 7) of the female participants stated that they did not feel any discomfort urinating under supervision, whereas 12% of the males (n = 10) and 31% of the females (n = 5) perceived this method as very unpleasant or unbearable. While 75% of the subjects did not desire an alternative procedure, 32 subjects were willing to invest additional time and/or money.Discussion: The results suggest that supervised urine sample collection is not associated with a significant burden for 85% of the subjects and that there is no increased interest in an alternative procedure associated with additional time and costs.