학술논문
APOE E4 is associated with impaired self-declared cognition but not disease risk or age of onset in Nigerians with Parkinson’s disease
Document Type
Original Paper
Author
Okubadejo, Njideka U.; Okunoye, Olaitan; Ojo, Oluwadamilola O.; Arabambi, Babawale; Akinyemi, Rufus O.; Osaigbovo, Godwin O.; Abubakar, Sani A.; Iwuozo, Emmanuel U.; Wahab, Kolawole W.; Agabi, Osigwe P.; Agulanna, Uchechi; Imarhiagbe, Frank A.; Abiodun, Oladunni V.; Achoru, Charles O.; Adebowale, Akintunde A.; Adeniji, Olaleye; Akpekpe, John E.; Ali, Mohammed W.; Ani-Osheku, Ifeyinwa; Arigbodi, Ohwotemu; Balarabe, Salisu A.; Bello, Abiodun H.; Ekenze, Oluchi S.; Erameh, Cyril O.; Farombi, Temitope H.; Fawale, Michael B.; Komolafe, Morenikeji A.; Nwani, Paul O.; Nwazor, Ernest O.; Nyandaiti, Yakub; Obehighe, Emmanuel E.; Obiabo, Yahaya O.; Odeniyi, Olanike A.; Odiase, Francis E.; Ojini, Francis I.; Onwuegbuzie, Gerald A.; Osemwegie, Nosakhare; Oshinaike, Olajumoke O.; Otubogun, Folajimi M.; Oyakhire, Shyngle I.; Taiwo, Funlola T.; Williams, Uduak E.; Ozomma, Simon; Zubair, Yusuf; Hernandez, Dena; Bandres-Ciga, Sara; Blauwendraat, Cornelis; Singleton, Andrew; Houlden, Henry; Hardy, John; Rizig, Mie
Source
npj Parkinson's Disease. 8(1)
Subject
Language
English
ISSN
2373-8057
Abstract
The relationship between APOE polymorphisms and Parkinson’s disease (PD) in black Africans has not been previously investigated. We evaluated the association between APOE polymorphic variability and self-declared cognition in 1100 Nigerians with PD and 1097 age-matched healthy controls. Cognition in PD was assessed using the single item cognition question (item 1.1) of the MDS-UPDRS. APOE genotype and allele frequencies did not differ between PD and controls (p > 0.05). No allelic or genotypic association was observed between APOE and age at onset of PD. In PD, APOE ε4/ε4 conferred a two-fold risk of cognitive impairment compared to one or no ε4 (HR: 2.09 (95% CI: 1.13–3.89; p = 0.02)), while APOE ε2 was associated with modest protection against cognitive impairment (HR: 0.41 (95% CI 0.19–0.99, p = 0.02)). Of 773 PD with motor phenotype and APOE characterized, tremor-dominant (TD) phenotype predominated significantly in ε2 carriers (87/135, 64.4%) compared to 22.2% in persons with postural instability/gait difficulty (PIGD) (30/135) and 13.3% in indeterminate (ID) (18/135, 13.3%) (p = 0.037). Although the frequency of the TD phenotype was highest in homozygous ε2 carriers (85.7%), the distribution of motor phenotypes across the six genotypes did not differ significantly (p = 0.18). Altogether, our findings support previous studies in other ethnicities, implying a role for APOE ε4 and ε2 as risk and protective factors, respectively, for cognitive impairment in PD.