학술논문

Deep sea tests of a prototype of the KM3NeT digital optical module: KM3NeT Collaboration
Document Type
Original Paper
Author
Adrián-Martínez, S.Ageron, M.Aharonian, F.Aiello, S.Albert, A.Ameli, F.Anassontzis, E. G.Anghinolfi, M.Anton, G.Anvar, S.Ardid, M.de Asmundis, R.Balasi, K.Band, H.Barbarino, G.Barbarito, E.Barbato, F.Baret, B.Baron, S.Belias, A.Berbee, E.van den Berg, A. M.Berkien, A.Bertin, V.Beurthey, S.van Beveren, V.Beverini, N.Biagi, S.Bianucci, S.Billault, M.Birbas, A.Boer Rookhuizen, H.Bormuth, R.Bouché, V.Bouhadef, B.Bourlis, G.Bouwhuis, M.Bozza, C.Bruijn, R.Brunner, J.Cacopardo, G.Caillat, L.Calamai, M.Calvo, D.Capone, A.Caramete, L.Caruso, F.Cecchini, S.Ceres, A.Cereseto, R.Champion, C.Château, F.Chiarusi, T.Christopoulou, B.Circella, M.Classen, L.Cocimano, R.Colonges, S.Coniglione, R.Cosquer, A.Costa, M.Coyle, P.Creusot, A.Curtil, C.Cuttone, G.D’Amato, C.D’Amico, A.De Bonis, G.De Rosa, G.Deniskina, N.Destelle, J.-J.Distefano, C.Donzaud, C.Dornic, D.Dorosti-Hasankiadeh, Q.Drakopoulou, E.Drouhin, D.Drury, L.Durand, D.Eberl, T.Eleftheriadis, C.Elsaesser, D.Enzenhöfer, A.Fermani, P.Fusco, L. A.Gajana, D.Gal, T.Galatà, S.Gallo, F.Garufi, F.Gebyehu, M.Giordano, V.Gizani, N.Gracia Ruiz, R.Graf, K.Grasso, R.Grella, G.Grmek, A.Habel, R.van Haren, H.Heid, T.Heijboer, A.Heine, E.Henry, S.Hernández-Rey, J. J.Herold, B.Hevinga, M. A.van der Hoek, M.Hofestädt, J.Hogenbirk, J.Hugon, C.Hößl, J.Imbesi, M.James, C.Jansweijer, P.Jochum, J.de Jong, M.Kadler, M.Kalekin, O.Kappes, A.Kappos, E.Katz, U.Kavatsyuk, O.Keller, P.Kieft, G.Koffeman, E.Kok, H.Kooijman, P.Koopstra, J.Korporaal, A.Kouchner, A.Koutsoukos, S.Kreykenbohm, I.Kulikovskiy, V.Lahmann, R.Lamare, P.Larosa, G.Lattuada, D.Le Provost, H.Leisos, A.Lenis, D.Leonora, E.Lindsey Clark, M.Liolios, A.Llorens Alvarez, C. D.Löhner, H.Lo Presti, D.Louis, F.Maccioni, E.Mannheim, K.Manolopoulos, K.Margiotta, A.Mariş, O.Markou, C.Martínez-Mora, J. A.Martini, A.Masullo, R.Michael, T.Migliozzi, P.Migneco, E.Miraglia, A.Mollo, C.Mongelli, M.Morganti, M.Mos, S.Moudden, Y.Musico, P.Musumeci, M.Nicolaou, C.Nicolau, C. A.Orlando, A.Orzelli, A.Papageorgiou, K.Papaikonomou, A.Papaleo, R.Păvălaş, G. E.Peek, H.Pellegrino, C.Pellegriti, M. G.Perrina, C.Petridou, C.Piattelli, P.Pikounis, K.Popa, V.Pradier, Th.Priede, M.Pühlhofer, G.Pulvirenti, S.Racca, C.Raffaelli, F.Randazzo, N.Rapidis, P. A.Razis, P.Real, D.Resvanis, L.Reubelt, J.Riccobene, G.Rovelli, A.Royon, J.Saldaña, M.Samtleben, D. F. E.Sanguineti, M.Santangelo, A.Sapienza, P.Savvidis, I.Schmelling, J.Schnabel, J.Sedita, M.Seitz, T.Sgura, I.Simeone, F.Siotis, I.Sipala, V.Solazzo, M.Spitaleri, A.Spurio, M.Stavropoulos, G.Steijger, J.Stolarczyk, T.Stransky, D.Taiuti, M.Terreni, G.Tézier, D.Théraube, S.Thompson, L. F.Timmer, P.Trapierakis, H. I.Trasatti, L.Trovato, A.Tselengidou, M.Tsirigotis, A.Tzamarias, S.Tzamariudaki, E.Vallage, B.Van Elewyck, V.Vermeulen, J.Vernin, P.Viola, S.Vivolo, D.Werneke, P.Wiggers, L.Wilms, J.de Wolf, E.van Wooning, R. H. L.Yatkin, K.Zachariadou, K.Zonca, E.Zornoza, J. D.Zúñiga, J.Zwart, A.
Source
The European Physical Journal C: Particles and Fields. September 2014 74(9):1-8
Subject
Language
English
ISSN
1434-6044
1434-6052
Abstract
The first prototype of a photo-detection unit of the future KM3NeT neutrino telescope has been deployed in the deep waters of the Mediterranean Sea. This digital optical module has a novel design with a very large photocathode area segmented by the use of 31 three inch photomultiplier tubes. It has been integrated in the ANTARES detector for in-situ testing and validation. This paper reports on the first months of data taking and rate measurements. The analysis results highlight the capabilities of the new module design in terms of background suppression and signal recognition. The directionality of the optical module enables the recognition of multiple Cherenkov photons from the same 40K decay and the localisation of bioluminescent activity in the neighbourhood. The single unit can cleanly identify atmospheric muons and provide sensitivity to the muon arrival directions.