학술논문
Procalcitonin and C-reactive protein to rule out early bacterial coinfection in COVID-19 critically ill patients
Document Type
Original Paper
Author
Galli, Flavia; Bindo, Francesco; Motos, Anna; Fernández-Barat, Laia; Barbeta, Enric; Gabarrús, Albert; Ceccato, Adrián; Bermejo-Martin, Jesús F.; Ferrer, Ricard; Riera, Jordi; Peñuelas, Oscar; Lorente, José Ángel; de Gonzalo-Calvo, David; Menéndez, Rosario; Gonzalez, Jessica; Misuraca, Sofia; Palomeque, Andrea; Amaya-Villar, Rosario; Añón, José Manuel; Balan Mariño, Ana; Barberà, Carme; Barberán, José; Blandino Ortiz, Aaron; Bustamante-Munguira, Elena; Caballero, Jesús; Cantón-Bulnes, María Luisa; Carbajales Pérez, Cristina; Carbonell, Nieves; Catalán-González, Mercedes; de Frutos, Raul; Franco, Nieves; Galbán, Cristóbal; Lopez Lago, Ana; Gumucio-Sanguino, Víctor D.; de la Torre, Maria del Carmen; Díaz, Emilio; Estella, Ángel; Gallego Curto, Elena; García-Garmendia, José Luis; Gómez, José Manuel; Huerta, Arturo; Jorge García, Ruth Noemí; Loza-Vázquez, Ana; Marin-Corral, Judith; Martin Delgado, María Cruz; Martínez de la Gándara, Amalia; Martínez Varela, Ignacio; Lopez Messa, Juan; M. Albaiceta, Guillermo; Nieto, María Teresa; Novo, Mariana Andrea; Peñasco, Yhivian; Pérez-García, Felipe; Pozo-Laderas, Juan Carlos; Ricart, Pilar; Sagredo, Victor; Sánchez-Miralles, Angel; Sancho Chinesta, Susana; Roche-Campo, Ferran; Socias, Lorenzo; Solé-Violan, Jordi; Suarez-Sipmann, Fernando; Tamayo Lomas, Luis; Trenado, José; Úbeda, Alejandro; Valdivia, Luis Jorge; Vidal, Pablo; Boado, Maria Victoria; Rodríguez, Alejandro; Antonelli, Massimo; Blasi, Francesco; Barbé, Ferran; Torres, Antoni
Source
Intensive Care Medicine. 49(8):934-945
Subject
Language
English
ISSN
0342-4642
1432-1238
1432-1238
Abstract
Purpose: Although the prevalence of community-acquired respiratory bacterial coinfection upon hospital admission in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been reported to be < 5%, almost three-quarters of patients received antibiotics. We aim to investigate whether procalcitonin (PCT) or C-reactive protein (CRP) upon admission could be helpful biomarkers to identify bacterial coinfection among patients with COVID-19 pneumonia.Methods: We carried out a multicentre, observational cohort study including consecutive COVID-19 patients admitted to 55 Spanish intensive care units (ICUs). The primary outcome was to explore whether PCT or CRP serum levels upon hospital admission could predict bacterial coinfection among patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. The secondary outcome was the evaluation of their association with mortality. We also conducted subgroups analyses in higher risk profile populations.Results: Between 5 February 2020 and 21 December 2021, 4076 patients were included, 133 (3%) of whom presented bacterial coinfection. PCT and CRP had low area under curve (AUC) scores at the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis [0.57 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.51–0.61) and 0.6 (95% CI, 0.55–0.64), respectively], but high negative predictive values (NPV) [97.5% (95% CI 96.5–98.5) and 98.2% (95% CI 97.5–98.9) for PCT and CRP, respectively]. CRP alone was associated with bacterial coinfection (OR 2, 95% CI 1.25–3.19; p = 0.004). The overall 15, 30 and 90 days mortality had a higher trend in the bacterial coinfection group, but without significant difference. PCT ≥ 0.12 ng/mL was associated with higher 90 days mortality.Conclusion: Our study suggests that measurements of PCT and CRP, alone and at a single time point, are not useful for ruling in or out bacterial coinfection in viral pneumonia by COVID-19.