학술논문
Sex Differences in Recovery Trajectories of Assessments for Sport-Related Concussion Among NCAA Athletes: A CARE Consortium Study
Document Type
Original Paper
Author
Caccese, Jaclyn B.; Master, Christina L.; Buckley, Thomas A.; Chrisman, Sara P. D.; Clugston, James R.; Eckner, James T.; Ermer, Elsa; Harcum, Stacey; Hunt, Tamerah N.; Jain, Divya; Kelly, Louise A.; Langford, T. Dianne; Lempke, Landon B.; McDevitt, Jane; Memmini, Allyssa K.; Mozel, Anne E.; Perkins, Susan M.; Putukian, Margot; Roby, Patricia R.; Susmarski, Adam; Broglio, Steven P.; McAllister, Thomas W.; McCrea, Michael; Pasquina, Paul F.; Esopenko, Carrie
Source
Sports Medicine. 54(6):1707-1721
Subject
Language
English
ISSN
0112-1642
1179-2035
1179-2035
Abstract
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine sex differences in recovery trajectories of assessments for sport-related concussion using Concussion Assessment, Research and Education (CARE) Consortium data.Methods: National Collegiate Athletic Association athletes (N = 906; 61% female) from sex-comparable sports completed a pre-season baseline assessment and post-sport-related concussion assessments within 6 h of injury, 24–48 h, when they initiated their return to play progression, when they were cleared for unrestricted return to play, and 6 months post-injury. Assessments included the Standardized Assessment of Concussion, Balance Error Scoring System, Brief Symptom Inventory-18, Immediate Post-concussion Assessment and Cognitive Testing (ImPACT), Sport Concussion Assessment Tool-3 symptom evaluation, Clinical Reaction Time, King–Devick test, Vestibular Ocular Motor Screen, 12-item Short-Form Health Survey, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and Satisfaction with Life Scale.Results: Only the Vestibular Ocular Motor Screen Total Symptom Score at the 24–48 h timepoint (p = 0.005) was statistically significantly different between sexes. Specifically, female athletes (mean = 60.2, 95% confidence interval [CI] 51.5–70.4) had higher Vestibular Ocular Motor Screen Total Symptom Scores than male athletes (mean = 36.9, 95% CI 27.6–49.3), but this difference resolved by the time of return-to-play initiation (female athletes, mean = 1.8, 95% CI 1.1–2.9; male athletes, mean = 4.1, 95% CI 1.5–10.9).Conclusions: Sport-related concussion recovery trajectories for most assessments were similar for female and male National Collegiate Athletic Association athletes except for Vestibular Ocular Motor Screen symptoms within 48 h of sport-related concussion, which was greater in female athletes. Female athletes had a greater symptom burden across all timepoints, suggesting that cross-sectional observations may indicate sex differences despite similar recovery trajectories.