학술논문
Pre-existing humoral immunity to human common cold coronaviruses negatively impacts the protective SARS-CoV-2 antibody response
Document Type
article
Author
Lin, Chun-Yang; Wolf, Joshua; Brice, David C; Sun, Yilun; Locke, Macauley; Cherry, Sean; Castellaw, Ashley H; Wehenkel, Marie; Crawford, Jeremy Chase; Zarnitsyna, Veronika I; Duque, Daniel; Allison, Kim J; Allen, E Kaitlynn; Brown, Scott A; Mandarano, Alexandra H; Estepp, Jeremie H; Team, The SJTRC Study; Gaur, Aditya H; Hoffman, James M; Mori, Tomi; Tuomanen, Elaine I; Webby, Richard J; Hakim, Hana; Hayden, Randall T; Hijano, Diego R; Awad, Walid; Bajracharya, Resha; Clark, Brandi L; Cortez, Valerie; Dallas, Ronald H; Fabrizio, Thomas; Freiden, Pamela; Gowen, Ashleigh; Hodges, Jason; Kirk, Allison M; Roubidoux, Ericka Kirkpatrick; Mettelman, Robert C; Russell-Bell, Jamie; Souquette, Aisha; Sparks, James; Van de Velde, Lee-Ann; Vazquez-Pagan, Ana; Whitt, Kendall; Wilson, Taylor L; Wittman, David E; Wohlgemuth, Nicholas; Wu, Gang; Taylor, Charles; Molina-Paris, Carmen; Schultz-Cherry, Stacey; Tang, Li; Thomas, Paul G; McGargill, Maureen A
Source
Cell Host & Microbe. 30(1)
Subject
Language
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 infection causes diverse outcomes ranging from asymptomatic infection to respiratory distress and death. A major unresolved question is whether prior immunity to endemic, human common cold coronaviruses (hCCCoVs) impacts susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection or immunity following infection and vaccination. Therefore, we analyzed samples from the same individuals before and after SARS-CoV-2 infection or vaccination. We found hCCCoV antibody levels increase after SARS-CoV-2 exposure, demonstrating cross-reactivity. However, a case-control study indicates that baseline hCCCoV antibody levels are not associated with protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection. Rather, higher magnitudes of pre-existing betacoronavirus antibodies correlate with more SARS-CoV-2 antibodies following infection, an indicator of greater disease severity. Additionally, immunization with hCCCoV spike proteins before SARS-CoV-2 immunization impedes the generation of SARS-CoV-2-neutralizing antibodies in mice. Together, these data suggest that pre-existing hCCCoV antibodies hinder SARS-CoV-2 antibody-based immunity following infection and provide insight on how pre-existing coronavirus immunity impacts SARS-CoV-2 infection, which is critical considering emerging variants.