학술논문
Postacute sequelae and adaptive immune responses in people with HIV recovering from SARS-COV-2 infection
Document Type
article
Author
Peluso, Michael J; Spinelli, Matthew A; Deveau, Tyler-Marie; Forman, Carrie A; Munter, Sadie E; Mathur, Sujata; Tang, Alex F; Lu, Scott; Goldberg, Sarah A; Arreguin, Mireya I; Hoh, Rebecca; Tai, Viva; Chen, Jessica Y; Martinez, Enrique O; Yee, Brandon C; Chenna, Ahmed; Winslow, John W; Petropoulos, Christos J; Sette, Alessandro; Weiskopf, Daniella; Kumar, Nitasha; Lynch, Kara L; Hunt, Peter W; Durstenfeld, Matthew S; Hsue, Priscilla Y; Kelly, J Daniel; Martin, Jeffrey N; Glidden, David V; Gandhi, Monica; Deeks, Steven G; Rutishauser, Rachel L; Henrich, Timothy J
Source
AIDS. 36(12)
Subject
Language
Abstract
BackgroundLimited data are available on the long-term clinical and immunologic consequences of SARS-CoV-2 infection in people with HIV (PWH).MethodsWe measured SARS-CoV-2-specific humoral and cellular responses in people with and without HIV recovering from COVID-19 ( n = 39 and n = 43, respectively) using binding antibody, surrogate virus neutralization, intracellular cytokine staining, and inflammatory marker assays. We identified individuals experiencing postacute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC) and evaluated immunologic parameters. We used linear regression and generalized linear models to examine differences by HIV status in the magnitude of inflammatory and virus-specific antibody and T-cell responses, as well as differences in the prevalence of PASC.ResultsAmong PWH, we found broadly similar SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody and T-cell responses as compared with a well matched group of HIV-negative individuals. PWH had 70% lower relative levels of SARS-CoV-2-specific memory CD8 + T cells ( P = 0.007) and 53% higher relative levels of PD-1+ SARS-CoV-2-specific CD4 + T cells ( P = 0.007). Higher CD4 + /CD8 + ratio was associated with lower PD-1 expression on SARS-CoV-2-specific CD8 + T cells (0.34-fold effect, P = 0.02). HIV status was strongly associated with PASC (odds ratio 4.01, P = 0.008), and levels of certain inflammatory markers (IL-6, TNF-alpha, and IP-10) were associated with persistent symptoms.ConclusionWe identified potentially important differences in SARS-CoV-2-specific CD4 + and CD8 + T cells in PWH and HIV-negative participants that might have implications for long-term immunity conferred by natural infection. HIV status strongly predicted the presence of PASC. Larger and more detailed studies of PASC in PWH are urgently needed.