학술논문
Caloric restriction disrupts the microbiota and colonization resistance
Document Type
article
Author
von Schwartzenberg, Reiner Jumpertz; Bisanz, Jordan E; Lyalina, Svetlana; Spanogiannopoulos, Peter; Ang, Qi Yan; Cai, Jingwei; Dickmann, Sophia; Friedrich, Marie; Liu, Su-Yang; Collins, Stephanie L; Ingebrigtsen, Danielle; Miller, Steve; Turnbaugh, Jessie A; Patterson, Andrew D; Pollard, Katherine S; Mai, Knut; Spranger, Joachim; Turnbaugh, Peter J
Source
Nature. 595(7866)
Subject
Language
Abstract
Diet is a major factor that shapes the gut microbiome1, but the consequences of diet-induced changes in the microbiome for host pathophysiology remain poorly understood. We conducted a randomized human intervention study using a very-low-calorie diet (NCT01105143). Although metabolic health was improved, severe calorie restriction led to a decrease in bacterial abundance and restructuring of the gut microbiome. Transplantation of post-diet microbiota to mice decreased their body weight and adiposity relative to mice that received pre-diet microbiota. Weight loss was associated with impaired nutrient absorption and enrichment in Clostridioides difficile, which was consistent with a decrease in bile acids and was sufficient to replicate metabolic phenotypes in mice in a toxin-dependent manner. These results emphasize the importance of diet-microbiome interactions in modulating host energy balance and the need to understand the role of diet in the interplay between pathogenic and beneficial symbionts.