학술논문

A Phase I/Ib Trial of the VEGFR-Sparing Multikinase RET Inhibitor RXDX-105
Document Type
article
Source
Cancer Discovery. 9(3)
Subject
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences
Clinical Sciences
Oncology and Carcinogenesis
Lung Cancer
Cancer
Clinical Research
Lung
Adult
Aged
Aged
80 and over
Dose-Response Relationship
Drug
Female
Humans
Male
Middle Aged
Neoplasms
Oncogene Proteins
Fusion
Patient Safety
Phenylurea Compounds
Protein Kinase Inhibitors
Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-ret
Quinazolines
Tissue Distribution
Treatment Outcome
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-1
Biochemistry and cell biology
Oncology and carcinogenesis
Language
Abstract
RET fusions are oncogenic drivers of various tumors, including non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC). The safety and antitumor activity of the multikinase RET inhibitor RXDX-105 were explored in a phase I/Ib trial. A recommended phase II dose of 275 mg fed daily was identified. The most common treatment-related adverse events were fatigue (25%), diarrhea (24%), hypophosphatemia (18%), maculopapular rash (18%), and nonmaculopapular rash (17%). In the phase Ib cohort of RET inhibitor-naïve patients with RET fusion-positive NSCLCs, the objective response rate (ORR) was 19% (95% CI, 8%-38%, n = 6/31). Interestingly, the ORR varied significantly by the gene fusion partner (P < 0.001, Fisher exact test): 0% (95% CI, 0%-17%, n = 0/20) with KIF5B (the most common upstream partner for RET fusion-positive NSCLC), and 67% (95% CI, 30%-93%, n = 6/9) with non-KIF5B partners. The median duration of response in all RET fusion-positive NSCLCs was not reached (range, 5 to 18+ months). SIGNIFICANCE: Although KIF5B-RET is the most common RET fusion in NSCLCs, RET inhibition with RXDX-105 resulted in responses only in non-KIF5B-RET-containing cancers. Novel approaches to targeting KIF5B-RET-containing tumors are needed, along with a deeper understanding of the biology that underlies the differential responses observed.This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 305.