학술논문
Community Transmission of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Disproportionately Affects the Latinx Population During Shelter-in-Place in San Francisco.
Document Type
article
Author
Chamie, Gabriel; Marquez, Carina; Crawford, Emily; Peng, James; Petersen, Maya; Schwab, Daniel; Schwab, Joshua; Martinez, Jackie; Jones, Diane; Black, Douglas; Gandhi, Monica; Kerkhoff, Andrew D; Jain, Vivek; Sergi, Francesco; Jacobo, Jon; Rojas, Susana; Tulier-Laiwa, Valerie; Gallardo-Brown, Tracy; Appa, Ayesha; Chiu, Charles; Rodgers, Mary; Hackett, John; CLIAhub Consortium; Kistler, Amy; Hao, Samantha; Kamm, Jack; Dynerman, David; Batson, Joshua; Greenhouse, Bryan; DeRisi, Joe; Havlir, Diane V
Source
Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America. 73(Suppl 2)
Subject
Language
Abstract
BackgroundThere is an urgent need to understand the dynamics and risk factors driving ongoing severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) transmission during shelter-in-place mandates.MethodsWe offered SARS-CoV-2 reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and antibody (Abbott ARCHITECT IgG) testing, regardless of symptoms, to all residents (aged ≥4 years) and workers in a San Francisco census tract (population: 5174) at outdoor, community-mobilized events over 4 days. We estimated SARS-CoV-2 point prevalence (PCR positive) and cumulative incidence (antibody or PCR positive) in the census tract and evaluated risk factors for recent (PCR positive/antibody negative) vs prior infection (antibody positive/PCR negative). SARS-CoV-2 genome recovery and phylogenetics were used to measure viral strain diversity, establish viral lineages present, and estimate number of introductions.ResultsWe tested 3953 persons (40% Latinx; 41% White; 9% Asian/Pacific Islander; and 2% Black). Overall, 2.1% (83/3871) tested PCR positive: 95% were Latinx and 52% were asymptomatic when tested; 1.7% of census tract residents and 6.0% of workers (non-census tract residents) were PCR positive. Among 2598 tract residents, estimated point prevalence of PCR positives was 2.3% (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.2%-3.8%): 3.9% (95% CI, 2.0%-6.4%) among Latinx persons vs 0.2% (95% CI, .0-.4%) among non-Latinx persons. Estimated cumulative incidence among residents was 6.1% (95% CI, 4.0%-8.6%). Prior infections were 67% Latinx, 16% White, and 17% other ethnicities. Among recent infections, 96% were Latinx. Risk factors for recent infection were Latinx ethnicity, inability to shelter in place and maintain income, frontline service work, unemployment, and household income