학술논문
The World Federation of ADHD International Consensus Statement: 208 Evidence-based conclusions about the disorder
Document Type
article
Author
Faraone, Stephen V; Banaschewski, Tobias; Coghill, David; Zheng, Yi; Biederman, Joseph; Bellgrove, Mark A; Newcorn, Jeffrey H; Gignac, Martin; Saud, Nouf M Al; Manor, Iris; Rohde, Luis Augusto; Yang, Li; Cortese, Samuele; Almagor, Doron; Stein, Mark A; Albatti, Turki H; Aljoudi, Haya F; Alqahtani, Mohammed MJ; Asherson, Philip; Atwoli, Lukoye; Bölte, Sven; Buitelaar, Jan K; Crunelle, Cleo L; Daley, David; Dalsgaard, Søren; Döpfner, Manfred; Espinet, Stacey; Fitzgerald, Michael; Franke, Barbara; Gerlach, Manfred; Haavik, Jan; Hartman, Catharina A; Hartung, Cynthia M; Hinshaw, Stephen P; Hoekstra, Pieter J; Hollis, Chris; Kollins, Scott H; Kooij, JJ Sandra; Kuntsi, Jonna; Larsson, Henrik; Li, Tingyu; Liu, Jing; Merzon, Eugene; Mattingly, Gregory; Mattos, Paulo; McCarthy, Suzanne; Mikami, Amori Yee; Molina, Brooke SG; Nigg, Joel T; Purper-Ouakil, Diane; Omigbodun, Olayinka O; Polanczyk, Guilherme V; Pollak, Yehuda; Poulton, Alison S; Rajkumar, Ravi Philip; Reding, Andrew; Reif, Andreas; Rubia, Katya; Rucklidge, Julia; Romanos, Marcel; Ramos-Quiroga, J Antoni; Schellekens, Arnt; Scheres, Anouk; Schoeman, Renata; Schweitzer, Julie B; Shah, Henal; Solanto, Mary V; Sonuga-Barke, Edmund; Soutullo, César; Steinhausen, Hans-Christoph; Swanson, James M; Thapar, Anita; Tripp, Gail; van de Glind, Geurt; van den Brink, Wim; Van der Oord, Saskia; Venter, Andre; Vitiello, Benedetto; Walitza, Susanne; Wang, Yufeng
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Abstract
BackgroundMisconceptions about ADHD stigmatize affected people, reduce credibility of providers, and prevent/delay treatment. To challenge misconceptions, we curated findings with strong evidence base.MethodsWe reviewed studies with more than 2000 participants or meta-analyses from five or more studies or 2000 or more participants. We excluded meta-analyses that did not assess publication bias, except for meta-analyses of prevalence. For network meta-analyses we required comparison adjusted funnel plots. We excluded treatment studies with waiting-list or treatment as usual controls. From this literature, we extracted evidence-based assertions about the disorder.ResultsWe generated 208 empirically supported statements about ADHD. The status of the included statements as empirically supported is approved by 80 authors from 27 countries and 6 continents. The contents of the manuscript are endorsed by 366 people who have read this document and agree with its contents.ConclusionsMany findings in ADHD are supported by meta-analysis. These allow for firm statements about the nature, course, outcome causes, and treatments for disorders that are useful for reducing misconceptions and stigma.