부산대학교 도서관

(fl later 4th century bc). Greek sculptor, brother of Lysippos. Pliny dated the artist, like his brother, from Sikyon, to the 113th Olympiad (328–325 bc) and wrote that he developed a method of taking plaster casts from the human body and face, then pouring wax into this to produce a perfect portrait likeness that was ready for moulding and casting. (Early studies of Greek bronze-casting misinterpreted this to mean that he actually invented the indirect method of lost-wax casting, which is clearly untrue: the indirect method is known in large-scale sculpture two full centuries before.) Surviving bronzes from this and the Hellenistic period suggest that these wax likenesses were almost certainly selectively retouched in order to heighten key features and so bring out the character of the sitter. Nevertheless, Pliny’s observation that portraits thenceforth aimed at likeness rather than beauty is correct, for Hellenistic sculptors usually began with the individual rather than taking an ideal type and individualizing it to a greater or lesser extent, as earlier. Lysistratos also used master-moulds for overcasting variations on the same type, and he and his ...