부산대학교 도서관

Church in Milan, Italy. The church is a foremost representative of Lombard Romanesque architecture, with an early example of rib vaulting in Italy. It served as the model for a large number of Italian churches, even in such distant regions as Apulia. The basilica martyrum, the predecessor of the present church, had probably been started when St Ambrose (c. 339–97) was appointed bishop in 374. Ambrose was buried in the church alongside the relics of SS Gervase and Protasius. This building had an aisled nave with a columnar arcade and an apse; its dimensions were those of the present church excluding the presbytery and choir. A Benedictine monastery was founded in 784, but problems of co-existence were created by Charlemagne’s decree of 791 that the building should be served by its own canons. An atrium may have been added by Abbot Anspert (reg 869–81). The present basilica (l. 78.9 m) is of brick with ashlar detailing and is fronted by a rectangular atrium, with groin vaults supported on composite piers. A two-storey narthex with staggered arches leads to the façade of the church. The nave and aisles end in apses, with a deeper central apse, and two square bell-towers, the so-called monks’ tower on the south and the canons’ tower on the north. The exterior decoration (partly concealed by later structures) consists of eaves, arches, and pilaster strips round the apse, and the octagonal lantern over the fourth bay has two superposed galleries of small columnar arcades decorated by intersecting arches and saw-toothed friezes. The monks’ tower is unarticulated, but the canons’ tower has six storeys, with hanging arches and Lombard bands. Inside, the rectangular, barrel-vaulted presbytery preceding the apse is raised above a crypt. The broad two-storey nave (h. 16.1 m) has three (originally four) double bays, with alternating compound piers and a low gallery. The main vault has broad ribs and the aisles have domed groin vaults....